{"id":5981,"date":"2018-05-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-05-15T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/roboticki-zachranari\/"},"modified":"2018-05-16T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2018-05-15T23:00:00","slug":"roboticki-zachranari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/roboticki-zachranari\/","title":{"rendered":"Robotic rescuers"},"content":{"rendered":"

Roboty boli v\u00a0minulosti v\u00a0r\u00f4znych vedecko-technick\u00fdch rom\u00e1noch a\u00a0filmoch vykres\u013eovan\u00e9 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou v\u00a0negat\u00edvnom svetle, prielom urobil a\u017e spisovate\u013e Isaac Asimov n\u00e1vrhom 3 z\u00e1konov, ktor\u00e9 by mali roboty dodr\u017eiava\u0165. Hne\u010f prv\u00fd z\u00e1kon hovor\u00ed o\u00a0tom, \u017ee \u201drobot nesmie ubl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 \u010dloveku alebo svojou ne\u010dinnos\u0165ou dopusti\u0165, aby bolo \u010dloveku ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00e9\u201c. Dnes je v re\u00e1lnom \u017eivote mnoho aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed smeruj\u00facich k z\u00e1chrane \u013eudsk\u00fdch \u017eivotov, kde sa s \u00faspechom uplat\u0148uj\u00fa pr\u00e1ve robotick\u00e9 zariadenia. Z\u00e1chran\u00e1rske roboty \u010dloveku nielen\u017ee neubli\u017euj\u00fa, ale naopak, sna\u017eia sa zachr\u00e1ni\u0165 mu \u017eivot.<\/span><\/h3>\n

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\u010cl\u00e1nok bol publikovan\u00fd v tla\u010denej verzii magaz\u00ednu UnitedLife 11<\/p>\n

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Roboty m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e9 v\u00a0pr\u00edpade \u017eiveln\u00fdch pohr\u00f4m (zemetrasenia, z\u00e1plavy a\u00a0pod.) alebo pri \u00faniku nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tok z\u00a0priemyseln\u00fdch prev\u00e1dzok, na vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie \u017eiv\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00fdm je potrebn\u00e9 poskytn\u00fa\u0165 pomoc alebo ich evakuova\u0165. Typick\u00fdm je pou\u017eitie lietaj\u00facich dronov vybaven\u00fdch kamerami, termokamerami a\u00a0in\u00fdmi citliv\u00fdmi pr\u00edstrojmi schopn\u00fdmi zmapova\u0165 rozsah katastrofy a lokalizova\u0165 \u017eiv\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed. V\u00a0pr\u00edpade, \u017ee ich nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 okam\u017eite evakuova\u0165, drony im m\u00f4\u017eu doru\u010di\u0165 lieky, potraviny a\u00a0vysiela\u010dky na udr\u017eiavanie spojenia. Podobn\u00fa funkciu poskytuj\u00fa aj mal\u00e9 p\u00e1sov\u00e9 alebo plaziace sa drony, ktor\u00e9 sa do zni\u010den\u00fdch budov, do bane a\u00a0in\u00fdch priestorov so zlou dostupnos\u0165ou m\u00f4\u017eu dosta\u0165 napr\u00edklad vetrac\u00edmi otvormi.<\/p>\n

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V\u00a0pr\u00edpade rozsiahlych pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch katastrof typicky doch\u00e1dza k\u00a0preru\u0161eniu dod\u00e1vky elektrickej energie, a\u00a0t\u00fdm p\u00e1dom aj k\u00a0vypnutiu telefonick\u00e9ho a\u00a0internetov\u00e9ho spojenia. Robotick\u00e1 vzducholo\u010f nes\u00faca prenosn\u00fa r\u00e1diov\u00fa z\u00e1klad\u0148u m\u00f4\u017ee pre postihnut\u00fa oblas\u0165 na potrebn\u00fd \u010das toto spojenie obnovi\u0165 a\u00a0umo\u017eni\u0165 tak uviaznut\u00fdm \u013eu\u010fom spoji\u0165 sa so z\u00e1chran\u00e1rmi, lek\u00e1rom \u010di svojimi bl\u00edzkymi.<\/p>\n

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Roboty maj\u00fa svoje aplik\u00e1cie aj pri hasen\u00ed po\u017eiarov, ke\u010f\u017ee pomocou termokamier m\u00f4\u017eu lokalizova\u0165 hlavn\u00e9 ohnisko resp. dok\u00e1\u017eu monitorova\u0165 situ\u00e1ciu pri rozsiahlych lesn\u00fdch po\u017eiaroch. Robota je mo\u017en\u00e9 posla\u0165 na prieskum aj do budov, ktor\u00fdm hroz\u00ed v\u00a0kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase zr\u00fatenie. Daj\u00fa sa, samozrejme, pou\u017ei\u0165 aj pri samotnom hasen\u00ed, kde sa nasadzuj\u00fa v\u00a0situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa u\u017e pre \u013eudsk\u00fdch hasi\u010dov \u017eivotunebezpe\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

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Drony sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa aj v\u00a0pr\u00edpade vyh\u013ead\u00e1vania ly\u017eiarov uv\u00e4znen\u00fdch pod vrstvou snehu po p\u00e1de lav\u00edny. Ly\u017eiari musia by\u0165 v\u0161ak vybaven\u00ed vhodn\u00fdm typom r\u00e1diomaj\u00e1ka. Roboty m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 aj pri vyh\u013ead\u00e1van\u00ed horolezcov straten\u00fdch v\u00a0zlo\u017eitom horskom ter\u00e9ne a\u00a0podobn\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

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V\u00a0Austr\u00e1lii vznikla aplik\u00e1cia na monitorovanie bl\u00edzkych pobre\u017en\u00fdch v\u00f4d a\u00a0vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie typickej siluety \u017eraloka. V\u00a0pr\u00edpade ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek podozrenia sa vyd\u00e1va z\u00e1kaz k\u00fapania, resp. prij\u00edmaj\u00fa sa \u010fal\u0161ie opatrenia.<\/p>\n

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\u00daspe\u0161ne overenou aplik\u00e1ciou je aj poskytovanie pomoci topiacim sa, ke\u010f plav\u010d\u00edk z\u00a0pobre\u017eia vy\u0161le nafukovac\u00ed r\u00fdchlo\u010dln k\u00a0topiacemu sa alebo mu z\u00a0lietaj\u00faceho drona zhod\u00ed z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 koleso. Pravda\u017ee, n\u00e1sledne vyraz\u00ed na z\u00e1chrann\u00fa akciu aj z\u00e1chran\u00e1rsky \u010dlen s\u00a0\u013eudskou pos\u00e1dkou.<\/p>\n

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V\u00a0pr\u00edpade \u00faniku jedovat\u00fdch l\u00e1tok alebo neh\u00f4d v\u00a0jadrov\u00fdch elektr\u00e1r\u0148ach je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 zmapovanie \u00fazemia, kde hroz\u00ed nebezpe\u010denstvo. To sa d\u00e1 realizova\u0165 pomocou vhodn\u00fdch typov merac\u00edch pr\u00edstrojov umiestnen\u00fdch na lietaj\u00facich alebo po zemi sa pohybuj\u00facich robotoch. Na pr\u00e1cu v\u00a0silnom r\u00e1dioakt\u00edvnom zamoren\u00ed je v\u0161ak potrebn\u00e9 roboty n\u00e1le\u017eite upravi\u0165, aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo ich po\u0161kodeniu r\u00e1dioakt\u00edvnym \u017eiaren\u00edm.<\/p>\n

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Lietaj\u00face drony sa daj\u00fa vyu\u017ei\u0165 aj pri prieskume ter\u00e9nu v\u00a0okol\u00ed dopadu havarovan\u00e9ho lietadla, robotick\u00e9 ponorky s\u00fa vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pri vyh\u013ead\u00e1van\u00ed trosiek lietadiel alebo potopen\u00fdch lod\u00ed na morskom dne. Tu nejde o\u00a0priamu z\u00e1chranu \u013eudsk\u00fdch \u017eivotov, av\u0161ak poznanie pr\u00ed\u010din nehody pomocou lokaliz\u00e1cie \u010diernych skriniek v\u00a0pr\u00edpade lietadiel m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pri predch\u00e1dzan\u00ed podobn\u00fdm hav\u00e1ri\u00e1m v\u00a0bud\u00facnosti k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9.<\/p>\n

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Roboty boli v\u00a0minulosti v\u00a0r\u00f4znych vedecko-technick\u00fdch rom\u00e1noch a\u00a0filmoch vykres\u013eovan\u00e9 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou v\u00a0negat\u00edvnom svetle, prielom urobil a\u017e spisovate\u013e Isaac Asimov n\u00e1vrhom 3 z\u00e1konov, ktor\u00e9 by mali roboty dodr\u017eiava\u0165.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5981","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5981"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5981\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}