{"id":6246,"date":"2019-08-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-08-18T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/roboty-a-umenie\/"},"modified":"2019-08-19T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2019-08-18T23:00:00","slug":"roboty-a-umenie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/roboty-a-umenie\/","title":{"rendered":"Roboty a umenie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00a0roku 1957 japonsk\u00fd avantgardn\u00fd umelec <strong>Akira Kanayama<\/strong> vygeneroval pomocou upraven\u00fdch <strong>detsk\u00fdch aut\u00ed\u010dok na dia\u013ekov\u00e9 ovl\u00e1danie<\/strong> prv\u00e9 abstraktn\u00e9 kresby.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>Roboty v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017eu generova\u0165 nielen n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 obrazce, ale na z\u00e1klade algoritmiz\u00e1cie konkr\u00e9tnej maliarskej techniky s\u00a0pou\u017eit\u00edm prvkov umelej inteligencie aj naozajstn\u00e9 obrazy, pri\u010dom ako vzor je pou\u017eit\u00e1 digit\u00e1lna fotografia tv\u00e1re, krajiny \u010di inej sc\u00e9ny.<\/p>\n<p>Popul\u00e1rnymi s\u00fa aj <strong>kaligrafick\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie<\/strong>, kedy robot p\u00ed\u0161e perom, uhl\u00edkom, \u0161tetcom \u010di in\u00fdmi \u0161tandardn\u00fdmi maliarskymi n\u00e1strojmi vybran\u00e9 texty ozdobn\u00fdm p\u00edsmom. Ako pr\u00edklad uve\u010fme prepis celej biblie vo verzii <strong>Martina Luthera robotom Kuka<\/strong>, pri\u010dom pr\u00e1ca trvala cel\u00fdch 7 mesiacov.<\/p>\n<p>Be\u017enou aplik\u00e1ciou je kresba portr\u00e9tu v\u00a0\u0161t\u00fdle pouli\u010dn\u00fdch umelcov&#8230;<\/p>\n Robotick\u00e1 kaligrafia, zdroj: ofici\u00e1lna fotografia\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00a0in\u00e9ho s\u00fadka s\u00fa v\u00fdtvory tzv. interakt\u00edvneho soch\u00e1rstva. Medzi prv\u00e9 mo\u017eno zaradi\u0165 <strong>pohybliv\u00fa sochu CYSP-1<\/strong> (Cybernetic Spatiodynamic Sculpture) dokon\u010den\u00fa v\u00a0roku 1956 umelcom <strong>Nicolasom Sch\u00f6fferom<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 na zmeny vo svojom okol\u00ed reagovala zvukov\u00fdmi, sveteln\u00fdmi a\u00a0pohybov\u00fdmi odozvami.<\/p>\n<p>Popul\u00e1rnymi boli aj <strong>interakt\u00edvne sochy SAM a Senster<\/strong> (Sensitive Monster) vytvoren\u00e9 na prelome 60. a 70.rokov <strong>Edwardom Ihnatowiczom<\/strong>, pri\u010dom druh\u00e1 z nich bola ve\u013ea rokov in\u0161talovan\u00e1 vo v\u00fdstavnej s\u00e1le Evolution firmy Philips v Eindhovene. Obe boli schopn\u00e9 lokalizova\u0165 okoloid\u00facich n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edkov, obraca\u0165 sa k\u00a0nim resp. inak s\u00a0nimi interagova\u0165.<\/p>\n\n<p>Vhodne skon\u0161truovan\u00e9 roboty vedia obsluhova\u0165 aj klasick\u00e9 hudobn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje \u2013 od klav\u00edru, cez sl\u00e1\u010dikov\u00e9 a\u00a0dychov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje a\u017e po bicie. Vo svete sa usporad\u00favaj\u00fa koncerty robotick\u00fdch skup\u00edn, za v\u0161etky spome\u0148me nemeck\u00fa robotick\u00fa form\u00e1ciu <strong>Compressorhead (na titulnej fotografii \u010dl\u00e1nku)<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 aktu\u00e1lne okrem spev\u00e1ka a 3 gitaristov aj robotick\u00e9ho buben\u00edka a\u00a0jeho pomocn\u00edka obsluhuj\u00faceho \u010dinely. Do oblasti robotiky patr\u00ed aj tretia ruka umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00faca \u013eudsk\u00e9mu buben\u00edkovi roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 jeho interpreta\u010dn\u00e9 mo\u017enosti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Svoje aplik\u00e1cie na\u0161li <strong>robotick\u00e9 zariadenia aj v\u00a0divadelnej a\u00a0filmovej tvorbe<\/strong>. Nezabudnute\u013en\u00fdm bolo napr. interview s\u00a0vtedy u\u017e ne\u017eij\u00facim sci-fi spisovate\u013eom Philip K. Dickom, ktor\u00e9ho stv\u00e1rnil robot s\u00a0\u013eudskou tv\u00e1rou od firmy Hanson Robotics. T\u00e1 u\u017e ve\u013ea rokov realizuje pre film\u00e1rov r\u00f4zne mimozemsk\u00e9 \u010di robotick\u00e9 postavy. Medzi jej posledn\u00e9 v\u00fdtvory patr\u00ed aj zn\u00e1ma robotka Sophia.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Robotick\u00fd herec, zdroj: ofici\u00e1lna fotografia\n<p>Prv\u00e9 automatick\u00e9 mechanick\u00e9 divadlo predstavil u\u017e v\u00a0staroveku vyn\u00e1lezca Her\u00f3n Alexandrijsk\u00fd, zo 17.storo\u010dia poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa spr\u00e1vy o\u00a0robotizovanom b\u00e1bkovom divadle rodiny hodin\u00e1ra Takedo Omi v\u00a0japonskej Osake.<\/p>\n<p>Prv\u00e9 robotick\u00e9 postavy boli pou\u017eit\u00e9 v\u00a0divadelnej hre Hataraku Watashi od autora Oriza Hirata, v ktorej vystupuj\u00fa herci-roboty Takeo a Momoko (i\u0161lo o humanoidn\u00e9 roboty Wakamaru od firmy Mitsubishi).<\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0roku 2010 britsk\u00e1 firma Engineered Arts prezentovala na trhu robota <strong>RoboThespian<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd je tie\u017e ur\u010den\u00fd na obsadenie r\u00f4znych divadeln\u00fdch post\u00e1v spolu s\u00a0\u013eu\u010fmi.<\/p>\n RoboThespian, zdroj: ofici\u00e1lna fotografia\n<p>V\u00a0neposlednom rade treba spomen\u00fa\u0165 aj aplik\u00e1ciu dlh\u00fdch robotick\u00fdch ramien a\u00a0lietaj\u00facich dronov za \u00fa\u010delom sn\u00edmania rozsiahlych dynamick\u00fdch sc\u00e9n, pri divadeln\u00fdch predstaveniach, koncertoch a\u00a0podobne.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Do sf\u00e9ry umenia mo\u017eno ur\u010dite zaradi\u0165 aj ekologickej\u0161iu n\u00e1hradu klasick\u00e9ho oh\u0148ostroja vo forme synchronizovanej skupiny mal\u00fdch robotick\u00fdch dronov s\u00a0osvetlen\u00edm r\u00f4znych farieb, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa na oblohe realizova\u0165 dynamicky sa meniace obrazce.<\/p>\n Robotick\u00fd oh\u0148ostroj z dronov, zdroj: ofici\u00e1lna fotografia","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Robotika a\u00a0s\u00favisiace technol\u00f3gie na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead s\u00a0umen\u00edm v\u00f4bec nes\u00favisia a\u00a0 ich vz\u0165ah sk\u00f4r p\u00f4sob\u00ed antagonisticky. Existuje ale mno\u017estvo zauj\u00edmav\u00fdch robotick\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 s\u00a0umen\u00edm priamo s\u00favisia.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6246","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6246"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6246\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}