{"id":6267,"date":"2019-09-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-09-01T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/dokaze-veda-zastavit-hurikan\/"},"modified":"2019-09-02T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2019-09-01T23:00:00","slug":"dokaze-veda-zastavit-hurikan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/dokaze-veda-zastavit-hurikan\/","title":{"rendered":"Hurik\u00e1n Dorian ni\u010d\u00ed, \u010do mu stoj\u00ed v ceste. Dok\u00e1\u017ee podobn\u00e9 hurik\u00e1ny zastavi\u0165 modern\u00e1 veda?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Florida sa v t\u00fdchto d\u0148och pripravuje na mo\u017eno najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu pr\u00edrodn\u00fa katastrofu v novodob\u00fdch dejin\u00e1ch. Hurik\u00e1n Dorian p\u00f4vodne dostal ozna\u010denie prisl\u00fachaj\u00face kateg\u00f3rii 4, \u010do je druh\u00e1 najvy\u0161\u0161ia mo\u017en\u00e1 kateg\u00f3ria hurik\u00e1nov. Plat\u00ed, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm je \u010d\u00edslo vy\u0161\u0161ie, t\u00fdm je hurik\u00e1n v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Medzi\u010dasom v\u0161ak Dorian zasiahol severn\u00e9 Bahamy ako hurik\u00e1n piatej kateg\u00f3rie a pozd\u013a\u017e juhov\u00fdchodn\u00e9ho pobre\u017eia Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov boli nariaden\u00e9 povinn\u00e9 evaku\u00e1cie. Zatia\u013e to vyzer\u00e1 tak, \u017ee pobre\u017eie Floridy minie a mimoriadnym \u0161kod\u00e1m na majetku a \u017eivotoch sa tak poloostrov vyhne.<\/p>\n<p>Av\u0161ak pod\u013ea slov bahamsk\u00e9ho premi\u00e9ra Huberta Minnisa \u201es\u00fa \u0161kody bezprecedentn\u00e9\u201c (zdroj: CNN).<\/p>\n<p>Moment\u00e1lne r\u00fdchlos\u0165 vetra dosahuje z\u00e1vratn\u00fdch 257 km\/h (2.9.2019 16:30 hod. zdroj: Hurricane Dorian Tracker)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Dok\u00e1\u017ee veda zastavi\u0165 hurik\u00e1ny?<\/h3>\n<p>Spr\u00e1vu o tom, \u017ee americk\u00fd prezident Donald Trump zadal vl\u00e1de USA pokyn zisti\u0165, \u010di by bolo mo\u017en\u00e9 hurik\u00e1n zni\u010di\u0165 pomocou jadrovej bomby, sme po\u010duli v\u0161etci. P\u00f4vodne t\u00fato inform\u00e1ciu priniesol denn\u00edk Axios, ale vz\u00e1p\u00e4t\u00ed ju dementoval s\u00e1m Donald Trump. Pod\u013ea jeho slov sa jedn\u00e1 o \u010fal\u0161iu z \u201efake news\u201c, teda falo\u0161n\u00fdch spr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n<p>Len\u017ee aj ke\u010f Trump t\u00fato my\u0161lienku nevyslovil a ani jej presk\u00famanie nezad\u00e1val, nebol by prv\u00fd, koho tak\u00e9to nie\u010do napadlo.<\/p>\n<p>Prv\u00fd n\u00e1vrh na pou\u017eitie jadrovej zbrane na boj proti hurik\u00e1nu bol \u00fadajne predlo\u017een\u00fd u\u017e v 50. rokoch 20. storo\u010dia. Hovor\u00ed sa, \u017ee poch\u00e1dza od americk\u00e9ho vl\u00e1dneho vedca po\u010das predsedn\u00edctva Dwighta Eisenhowera.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Vl\u00e1dni vedci tak\u00fato my\u0161lienku odmietaj\u00fa<\/h3>\n<p>Hurik\u00e1ny a in\u00e9 nepriazniv\u00e9 poveternostn\u00e9 udalosti sleduje The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). T\u00e1to organiz\u00e1cia tie\u017e informuje verejnos\u0165 o podobn\u00fdch ve\u013ek\u00fdch b\u00farkach.<\/p>\n<p>Organiz\u00e1cia tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee \u010dasto dost\u00e1va n\u00e1vrhy, aby sa jadrov\u00e9 zbrane pou\u017e\u00edvali proti hurik\u00e1nom.\u00a0 \u201eNetreba dod\u00e1va\u0165, \u017ee to nie je dobr\u00fd n\u00e1pad,\u201c tvrd\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>NOAA uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee prv\u00fd probl\u00e9m s touto my\u0161lienkou je, \u017ee neexistuje \u017eiadny dobr\u00fd d\u00f4kaz, \u017ee jadrov\u00e1 bomba oslab\u00ed alebo zastav\u00ed hurik\u00e1n. Organiz\u00e1cia okrem toho poznamenala, \u017ee tak\u00fdto pl\u00e1n \u00faplne ignoruje uvo\u013e\u0148ovanie r\u00e1dioakt\u00edvneho materi\u00e1lu z jadrov\u00e9ho v\u00fdbuchu. Tento materi\u00e1l by sa \u201er\u00fdchlo pohol s vetrom, ktor\u00fd by ovplyvnil p\u00f4du a sp\u00f4sobil ni\u010div\u00e9 environment\u00e1lne probl\u00e9my,\u201c uv\u00e1dza NOAA vo svojej spr\u00e1ve k t\u00e9me.<\/p>\n<p>Po hlb\u0161om vedeckom sk\u00faman\u00ed probl\u00e9mu NOAA uviedla, \u017ee pre v\u00fdbu\u0161niny je ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 zastavi\u0165 obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo energie vyrobenej ve\u013ek\u00fdm hurik\u00e1nom. Plne vyvinut\u00fd hurik\u00e1n vytv\u00e1ra to\u013eko energie, ktor\u00e1 sa vyrovn\u00e1 \u201e10-megatonovej jadrovej bombe exploduj\u00facej ka\u017ed\u00fdch 20 min\u00fat\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>NOAA tie\u017e vytvorila odhad mno\u017estva energie potrebnej na oslabenie sily hurik\u00e1nu kateg\u00f3rie 5 na silu b\u00farok kateg\u00f3rie 2. Predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee na b\u00farku s okom \u0161irok\u00fdm 20 kilometrov by bolo potrebn\u00e9 zabezpe\u010di\u0165 pohyb viac ako 500 mili\u00f3nov ton vzduchu. A bojova\u0165 proti takejto sile je s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdmi technol\u00f3giami priam nemo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Oko hurik\u00e1nu pozorovan\u00e9 z vesm\u00edru (foto: NASA)\n<h3>O\u010dkovanie b\u00farok<\/h3>\n<p>\u010eal\u0161ia met\u00f3da, ktor\u00e1 sa objavila u\u017e pred desa\u0165ro\u010diami, zah\u0155\u0148ala takzvan\u00e9 \u201eo\u010dkovanie hurik\u00e1nov\u201c. Pokusy sa uskuto\u010dnili v rokoch 1962 a\u017e 1983 ako s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 vl\u00e1dneho projektu USA s n\u00e1zvom STORMFURY .<\/p>\n<p>Vedci pou\u017eili jodid strieborn\u00fd, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje tvori\u0165 \u013eadov\u00e9 kry\u0161t\u00e1ly v kvapk\u00e1ch vody. Cie\u013eom bolo \u201evlo\u017ei\u0165\u201c jodid strieborn\u00fd do da\u017e\u010fov\u00fdch oblakov hurik\u00e1nu. Vedci sa domnievali, \u017ee tento proces oslab\u00ed silu vetra a zn\u00ed\u017ei intenzitu b\u00farok.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdsledky experimentov v\u0161ak neboli priazniv\u00e9. Bolo to hlavne preto, \u017ee hurik\u00e1ny obsahovali pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ea pr\u00edrodn\u00e9ho \u013eadu a pr\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo podchladenej vody.<\/p>\n<p>Okrem toho sa uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee vyhodnotenia experimentov nedok\u00e1zali rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165, kedy sa \u201eo\u010dkovan\u00fd hurik\u00e1n\u201c spr\u00e1va inak v d\u00f4sledku \u013eudsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1sahu alebo prirodzene. Hurik\u00e1ny, rovnako ako v\u0161etky \u010fal\u0161ie poveternostn\u00e9 javy, sa toti\u017e daj\u00fa iba ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017eko predpoveda\u0165 s v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou spo\u013eahlivos\u0165ou.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Chladenie morskej vody<\/h3>\n<p>\u010eal\u0161ou my\u0161lienkou, ktorej v\u00fdsledkom m\u00e1 by\u0165 redukcia sily hurik\u00e1nu, je ochladzovanie hladiny oce\u00e1nu. Zd\u00e1 sa v\u00e1m to pr\u00edli\u0161 tr\u00fafal\u00e9? M\u00e1te pravdu, ale vraj sa jedno rie\u0161enie predsa len \u010drt\u00e1. Americk\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 s n\u00e1zvom Intellectual Ventures tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee vyvinula met\u00f3du chladenia vodou na oslabenie hurik\u00e1nov. Naz\u00fdva ju Salter Sink.<\/p>\n<p>Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 vo svojom videu vysvet\u013euje, \u017ee jej syst\u00e9m bude pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00e9 \u010derpadlo poh\u00e1\u0148an\u00e9 priamo morsk\u00fdmi vlnami. Jeho \u00falohou je tla\u010di\u0165 tepl\u00fa vodu z povrchu do chladnej\u0161ej vody v h\u013abke. Teplej\u0161ia voda by putovala cez plastov\u00fd kontajner &#8211; Salter Sink. Idea bola tak\u00e1, \u017ee voda, ktor\u00e1 je tla\u010den\u00e1 nadol, sa zmie\u0161a s chladnej\u0161ou vodou a potom sa vr\u00e1ti na povrch schladen\u00e1, aby pomohla oslabi\u0165 hurik\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/oVJznfgYGds\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\"><\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Vo vyhl\u00e1sen\u00ed z roku 2012 Intellectual Ventures uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee syst\u00e9m priniesol \u201enieko\u013eko zauj\u00edmav\u00fdch v\u00fdsledkov\u201c a ur\u010dit\u00fd z\u00e1ujem partnerov. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 v\u0161ak uviedla, \u017ee t\u00e1to technol\u00f3gia \u201ebude vy\u017eadova\u0165 ove\u013ea rozsiahlej\u0161ie testovanie a v\u00fdskum, ktor\u00fd je vhodnej\u0161\u00ed pre univerzitn\u00fa alebo vl\u00e1dnu v\u00fdskumn\u00fa skupinu\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Otep\u013eovanie oce\u00e1nov je re\u00e1lny probl\u00e9m<\/h3>\n<p>Nieko\u013eko \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed predpovedalo, \u017ee otep\u013eovanie vody v Atlantickom oce\u00e1ne v nadch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich rokoch zv\u00fd\u0161i po\u010det ve\u013ek\u00fdch hurik\u00e1nov. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti vstupuj\u00fa Spojen\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty do najakt\u00edvnej\u0161ej sez\u00f3ny hurik\u00e1nov.<\/p>\n<p>Je pravdepodobn\u00e9, \u017ee rast\u00faci po\u010det ve\u013ek\u00fdch hurik\u00e1nov podnieti \u010fal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskum rie\u0161en\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 by mohli pom\u00f4c\u0165 v ich redukovan\u00ed alebo \u00faplnom zastaven\u00ed. Ak\u00e9 v\u0161ak bude ma\u0165 zastavenie hurik\u00e1nu ved\u013eaj\u0161ie n\u00e1sledky? Nenaru\u0161\u00ed sa t\u00fdm prirodzen\u00e9 vyv\u00e1\u017eenie pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch procesov alebo nesp\u00f4sob\u00ed in\u00e9 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie probl\u00e9my o nieko\u013eko tis\u00edc kilometrov \u010falej? S t\u00fdmito a mnoh\u00fdmi \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi probl\u00e9mami sa bud\u00fa musie\u0165 vysporiada\u0165 \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00ed vedci a nepochybne bud\u00fa na tak\u00fdto v\u00fdskum potrebn\u00e9 desiatky mili\u00e1rd americk\u00fdch dol\u00e1rov.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Zdroj \u010dl\u00e1nku: Can Modern Science Stop Hurricanes?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zhadzova\u0165 na hurik\u00e1n at\u00f3mov\u00e9 bomby zrejme nebude najlep\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1pad.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6267"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6267\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6267"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}