{"id":6341,"date":"2019-12-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-02T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/prve-fotografie-jupitera-zblizka-svet-uvidel-presne-pred-46-rokmi\/"},"modified":"2019-12-03T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2019-12-02T23:00:00","slug":"prve-fotografie-jupitera-zblizka-svet-uvidel-presne-pred-46-rokmi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/prve-fotografie-jupitera-zblizka-svet-uvidel-presne-pred-46-rokmi\/","title":{"rendered":"Prv\u00e9 fotografie Jupitera zbl\u00edzka svet uvidel presne pred 46 rokmi"},"content":{"rendered":"

A\u017e do konca roka 1973 bola plan\u00e9ta Jupiter viden\u00e1 jedine z fotografi\u00ed vyhotoven\u00fdch teleskopmi. Sonda Pioneer 10 ale vyhotovila sn\u00edmky z bl\u00edzkosti, ktor\u00e1 bola dovtedy bezprecedentn\u00e1, av\u0161ak prec\u00edzne vypo\u010d\u00edtan\u00e1 tak, aby sonde nehrozila zr\u00e1\u017eka s plan\u00e9tou. Napriek tomu bola cel\u00e1 udalos\u0165 vedeckou komunitou vn\u00edman\u00e1 dramaticky, preto\u017ee na \u010das sa sonda stratila z dosahu, ke\u010f\u017ee sa pl\u00e1novane dostala do z\u00e1krytu Jupiterom.<\/p>\n

Fotografie, ktor\u00e9 pri\u0161li na Zem, na dne\u0161n\u00e9 pomery neboli ve\u013emi kvalitn\u00e9, ale jednalo sa v\u00f4bec prv\u00e9 z\u00e1bery z takejto malej vzdialenosti. V najbli\u017e\u0161om bode bola sonda k Jupiteru iba na 132 252 kilometrov od jeho mrakov<\/strong>. Jupiter nie je plan\u00e9tou ako t\u00e1 na\u0161a, preto\u017ee je tvoren\u00e1 prakticky iba plynom. A jej rozmery s\u00fa na na\u0161e pomery priam neuverite\u013en\u00e9: zatia\u013e \u010do polomer Zeme je 6 371 km, polomer Jupitera je a\u017e 69 911 km.<\/p>\n Sn\u00edmky Jupitera, ako ich zachytila sonda Pioneer 10 v roku 1973 (foto: NASA)\n

Let Pioneeru 10 zo Zeme k Jupiteru trval takmer dva roky, \u0161tart sa konal 3. marca e\u0161te v roku 1972, respekt\u00edve uvedenie do prev\u00e1dzky prebehlo 2. marca 1972 pod\u013ea \u00fadajov z NASA.<\/p>\n

23. janu\u00e1ra 2003 bol zachyten\u00fd posledn\u00fd ve\u013emi slab\u00fd sign\u00e1l<\/strong> zo sondy, av\u0161ak posledn\u00fd \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd pr\u00edjem telemetrie<\/strong> prebehol e\u0161te 27. apr\u00edla 2002. Aj to ale boli dobr\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, preto\u017ee form\u00e1lne ukon\u010denie misie projektu Pioneer 10 bolo stanoven\u00e9 k 31. marcu 1997. Sonda teda nadsluhovala nieko\u013eko rokov a bolo zn\u00e1me, \u017ee v polovici roku 1983 prekonala obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu Nept\u00fana okolo Slnka.<\/p>\n

Len aby t\u00e1to inform\u00e1cia nezanikla – od Jupitera k Nept\u00fanu to sonde trvalo desa\u0165 rokov, pri\u010dom jej r\u00fdchlos\u0165 sa odhadovala na 12,04 km\/s.\u00a0 Priemern\u00e1 vzdialenos\u0165 Jupitera od Nept\u00fanu je pribli\u017ene 3,7 miliardy kilometrov.<\/p>\n

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Kde sa nach\u00e1dza sonda Pioneer 10 dnes?<\/strong> Vedci maj\u00fa svoje odhady na z\u00e1klade r\u00fdchlosti, ktorou sa sonda pohybuje, ale netu\u0161ia, \u010di sa medzi\u010dasom nezrazila s in\u00fdm vesm\u00edrnym telesom. Ak nie, sonda sa nach\u00e1dza vo vzdialenosti viac ako 122,59 AU (vzdialenost\u00ed Zem-Slnko), teda asi 18,3 miliardy kilometrov od Slnka.<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroje inform\u00e1ci\u00ed: NASA, Wikipedia, Distance Between Planets, Wikipedia 2<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kozmick\u00e1 sonda Pioneer 10 zhotovila a odoslala prv\u00e9 fotografie Jupitera zbl\u00edzka pr\u00e1ve 3. a 4. decembra 1973.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6341","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6341"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6341\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}