{"id":6386,"date":"2020-01-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-01-27T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/tento-tyzden-sa-mozno-zrazia-dva-satelity-na-orbite-kruzi-ich-okolo-zeme-privela\/"},"modified":"2020-01-28T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2020-01-27T23:00:00","slug":"tento-tyzden-sa-mozno-zrazia-dva-satelity-na-orbite-kruzi-ich-okolo-zeme-privela","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/tento-tyzden-sa-mozno-zrazia-dva-satelity-na-orbite-kruzi-ich-okolo-zeme-privela\/","title":{"rendered":"Tento t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 sa mo\u017eno zrazia dva satelity na orbite. Kr\u00fa\u017ei ich okolo Zeme prive\u013ea?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Tituln\u00e1 fotografia: ilustra\u010dn\u00e9 foto, vesm\u00edrne zariadenie spolo\u010dnosti SpaceX<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Muskove satelity Starlink s\u00fa nepochybne v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm historick\u00fdm m\u00ed\u013enikom, ak berieme do \u00favahy d\u00f4vody ich vypustenia na orbit Zeme. Prinies\u0165 cel\u00e9mu svetu spo\u013eahliv\u00fd pr\u00edstup na internet je nepochybne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, na druhej strane Muskove satelity pre svoj enormn\u00fd po\u010det u\u017e dnes sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa probl\u00e9my astron\u00f3mom a vedeck\u00fdm pracovn\u00edkom, ktor\u00ed sa zaoberaj\u00fa sledovan\u00edm vesm\u00edru a bl\u00edzkeho okolia Zeme. Probl\u00e9mom sa jav\u00ed najm\u00e4 ich pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ek\u00e1 odrazivos\u0165 a po\u010det, \u010do vytv\u00e1ra vizu\u00e1lnu prek\u00e1\u017eku vo v\u00fdh\u013eade z povrchu Zeme do vesm\u00edru. Starlinky kr\u00fa\u017eia okolo Zeme vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 550 a 1000 kilometrov a do roku 2025 ich Muskova spolo\u010dnos\u0165 SpaceX vysput\u00ed a\u017e 12-tis\u00edc, hoci ofici\u00e1lna spr\u00e1va pre autority hovor\u00ed a\u017e o 30-tis\u00edc kusoch satelitov Zatia\u013e ich je tam hore 182.<\/p>\n<p>Bud\u00fa hrozi\u0165 situ\u00e1cie, \u017ee sa satelity bud\u00fa na orbite Zeme zr\u00e1\u017ea\u0165? A \u010do ak sa zrazia, dopadn\u00fa na Zem ich \u00falomky a bud\u00fa predstavova\u0165 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 riziko pre \u013eud\u00ed? \u0160anca, \u017ee by sa dva satelity na orbite Zeme n\u00e1hodne zrazili, je fakticky miziv\u00e1, v pr\u00edpade funk\u010dn\u00fdch satelitov priam nulov\u00e1. Satelity obiehaj\u00fa okolo na\u0161ej plan\u00e9ty v r\u00f4znych v\u00fd\u0161kach a vo svojich stanoven\u00fdch tras\u00e1ch, pri\u010dom \u201eza ich volantom sedia p\u00e1ni Newton a Kepler\u201c. \u0160anca na ich vz\u00e1jomn\u00fa zr\u00e1\u017eku je v pr\u00edpade spr\u00e1vneho na\u010dasovania usadenia sa na orbit ve\u013emi mal\u00e1. Okrem toho aj ke\u010f sa ob\u010das pl\u00e1novane nejak\u00fd satelit zr\u00fati smerom na Zem, na jej povrch nem\u00e1 \u0161ancu dopadn\u00fa\u0165 \u017eiadny fyzick\u00fd predmet &#8211; v\u0161etko toti\u017e zhor\u00ed v atmosf\u00e9re v d\u00f4sledku trenia o vzduch vo vysokej r\u00fdchlosti a n\u00e1slednej rast\u00facej teplote.<\/p>\n<p>Situ\u00e1ciu men\u00ed to, \u010do by sme mohli nazva\u0165 vesm\u00edrny odpad. Jedn\u00e1 sa o r\u00f4zne mal\u00e9 objekty od ve\u013ekosti mikrometeoritov po \u010dlovekom vyhotoven\u00e9 predmety, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu okolo plan\u00e9ty kr\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 a ich pohyb nie je vzh\u013eadom na ich mal\u00e9 rozmery dobre predv\u00eddate\u013en\u00fd. Ke\u010f tieto predmety nar\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa na satelity, existuje eventualita, \u017ee ich mierne vych\u00fdlia z p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho kurzu a takpovediac \u201esp\u00f4sobia nehodu\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Jeden tak\u00fdto \u00fakaz, zr\u00e1\u017eka dvoch satelitov, sa udeje u\u017e tento t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148. Pod\u013ea slu\u017eby sledovania kozmick\u00fdch odpadov\u00a0LeoLabs\u00a0sa\u00a0IRAS\u00a0(vyraden\u00fd vesm\u00edrny teleskop vyraden\u00fd z prev\u00e1dzky v roku 1983) a\u00a0GGSE-4 (vedeck\u00e9 zariadenie, ktor\u00e9 sa za\u010dalo pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 v roku 1967), chystaj\u00fa na bl\u00edzke stretnutie.<br \/>\n<center><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The NASA\/NIVR IRAS satellite and the NRO\/USN POPPY 5B satellite (aka GGSE 4) are predicted to make a close approach on Wednesday. POPPY 5B has 18-metre-long gravity gradient booms so a 15-to-30 metre predicted miss distance is alarming https:\/\/t.co\/H1UckcoaAH<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Jonathan McDowell (@planet4589) January 27, 2020<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><br \/>\n<\/center><br \/>\nPod\u013ea \u00fadajov spolo\u010dnosti LeoLabs 29. janu\u00e1ra o 23:39:35 UTC bud\u00fa prech\u00e1dza\u0165 obe kozmick\u00e9 lode vo vzdialenosti iba 15 a\u017e 30 metrov\u00a0 od seba v nadmorskej v\u00fd\u0161ke pribli\u017ene 900 kilometrov. A preto\u017ee oba satelity nefunk\u010dn\u00e9, neexistuje sp\u00f4sob, ako by s nimi mohla Zem komunikova\u0165 a zrealizova\u0165 vyh\u00fdbac\u00ed man\u00e9ver. Vo vesm\u00edrnej mierke je 15 a\u017e 30 metrov neuverite\u013ene mal\u00e1 vzdialenos\u0165. Za be\u017en\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed sa vyh\u00fdbacie man\u00e9vre robia aj v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee sa dva objekty m\u00ed\u0148aj\u00fa o 60 kilometrov.<\/p>\n<p>Tieto dve kozmick\u00e9 zariadenia rozhodne nie s\u00fa \u013eahk\u00e9. IRAS mal \u0161tartovaciu hmotu 1 083 kg a rozmery 3,6 x 3,24 x 2,05 metra. GGSE-4\u00a0je\u00a0omnoho men\u0161\u00ed, iba\u00a04,5 kilogramu, preto je pripojen\u00fd k in\u00e9mu satelitu &#8211; vyraden\u00e9mu a len\u00a0relat\u00edvne ned\u00e1vno odtajnen\u00e9mu vojensk\u00e9mu satelitu Poppy 5\u00a0(AKA\u00a01967-053G\u00a0).\u00a0Pod\u013ea\u00a0Harvardovho-Smithsonovsk\u00e9ho astron\u00f3ma Jonathana McDowella celkov\u00e1 hmotnos\u0165 dosahuje 85 kilogramov. Oba objekty bud\u00fa okolo seba letie\u0165 so vz\u00e1jomnou relat\u00edvnou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou a\u017e 14,7 km\/s a tento stret sa odohr\u00e1 pr\u00e1ve nad Pittsuburghom v USA.<br \/>\n<center><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">1\/ We are monitoring a close approach event involving IRAS (13777), the decommissioned space telescope launched in 1983, and GGSE-4 (2828), an experimental US payload launched in 1967.<\/p>\n<p>(IRAS image credit: NASA) pic.twitter.com\/13RtuaOAHb<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 LeoLabs, Inc. (@LeoLabs_Space) January 27, 2020<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><br \/>\n<\/center><br \/>\n\u010co toto vesm\u00edrne divadlo znamen\u00e1 pre \u013eud\u00ed na Zemi? V\u00f4bec ni\u010d. Ak sa aj objekty zrazia, pravdepodobne nebude mo\u017en\u00e9 t\u00fato zr\u00e1\u017eku pozorova\u0165 z povrchu a aj keby ste videli dva objekty na no\u010dnej oblohe, ktor\u00e9 do seba narazia, takmer ur\u010dite by nevideli \u017eiadny z\u00e1blesk, v\u00fdbuch a u\u017e rozhodne by v\u00e1m nehrozilo, \u017ee do v\u00e1\u0161 nie\u010do naraz\u00ed. Ak ob\u010das na no\u010dnej oblohe vid\u00edme letiace satelity, nie je to ich skuto\u010dn\u00e1 ve\u013ekos\u0165, ale rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9 svetlo odrazen\u00e9 od Slnka, ktor\u00e9 pr\u00e1ve svieti na druhej strane Zeme a teda na privr\u00e1ten\u00fa stranu satelitov.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dva satelity s r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou 14,7 km\/h okolo seba prejd\u00fa vo vzdialenosti nieko\u013eko metrov. \u0160anca na zr\u00e1\u017eku je ohromuj\u00faco vysok\u00e1.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6386","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6386","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6386"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6386\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6386"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6386"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6386"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}