[insert page=’koronavirus-spravodajstvo‘ display=’content‘]<\/p>\n
V mojom predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom <\/span>\u010dl\u00e1nku<\/span> som sa venovala prepuknutiu koronav\u00edrusu v \u010c\u00edne. Na\u010drtla som aj ako ohrozuje glob\u00e1lne z\u00e1sobovanie tovarmi. Spomenula som aj hrozbu technologick\u00e9mu gigantovi Apple, ktor\u00e9ho dod\u00e1vate\u013esk\u00fd re\u0165azec je plne z\u00e1visl\u00fd od \u010d\u00ednskych medzi\u010dl\u00e1nkov. Apple v\u0161ak nie je jedin\u00fdm pr\u00edpadom, podobnej situ\u00e1cii v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti \u010del\u00ed ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo glob\u00e1lnych firiem. Probl\u00e9m s pr\u00edli\u0161nou z\u00e1vislos\u0165ou dod\u00e1vate\u013esk\u00e9ho re\u0165azca maj\u00fa napr\u00edklad aj firmy Caterpillar a Nike. <\/span><\/p>\n Kv\u00f4li koncentr\u00e1cii svetovej produkcie v \u010c\u00edne bud\u00fa ma\u0165 v d\u00f4sledku koronav\u00edrusu probl\u00e9my aj v\u00fdrobcovia po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch \u010dipov, polovodi\u010dov, internetov\u00fdch k\u00e1blov, hra\u010diek, \u010di LED displejov. <\/span>To s\u00fa v\u0161etko tovary, ktor\u00fdch v\u00fdroba sa spolieha na \u010d\u00ednske tov\u00e1rne.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Juhov\u00fdchodn\u00e1 \u00c1zia vo svojom s\u00fa\u010dasnom stave rozvoja \u010c\u00ednu<\/b> nahradi\u0165 nedok\u00e1\u017ee<\/b><\/p>\n V\u00a0s\u00favislosti s\u00a0rast\u00facimi mzdami v\u00a0\u010c\u00edne sa u\u017e presunula v\u00fdroba niektor\u00fdch tovarov do chudobnej\u0161\u00edch kraj\u00edn juhov\u00fdchodnej \u00c1zie \u2013 napr\u00edklad Vietnamu, Thajska, Malajzie alebo Filip\u00edn. Tieto krajiny v\u0161ak nemaj\u00fa dostato\u010dne vyvinut\u00fa infra\u0161trukt\u00faru a\u00a0v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 kapacity nemo\u017eno zrovn\u00e1va\u0165 s\u00a0t\u00fdmi v\u00a0\u010c\u00edne. <\/span><\/p>\n Pr\u00edstavy v\u00a0t\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch nemaj\u00fa dostato\u010dn\u00fa kapacitu sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ako n\u00e1hrada za \u010c\u00ednu. <\/span><\/p>\n V rebr\u00ed\u010dku desiatich najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch svetov\u00fdch pr\u00edstavov za rok 2019 sa neumiestnila ani jedna z kraj\u00edn juhov\u00fdchodnej \u00c1zie okrem Singapuru, ktor\u00fd v\u0161ak sl\u00fa\u017ei ako reexport\u00e9r bez vlastnej v\u00fdroby. \u010c\u00edna mala v svetovej desiatke a\u017e 7 pr\u00edstavov, pri\u010dom jej patrilo aj prv\u00e9 miesto. V\u00fdroba, ktor\u00e1 sa koncentruje v juhov\u00fdchodnej \u00c1zii, je orientovan\u00e1 na n\u00edzku pridan\u00fa hodnotu \u2013 napr\u00edklad \u0161itie odevov a top\u00e1nok, v\u00fdrobu n\u00e1bytku, \u010di skladanie a mont\u00e1\u017e motocyklov a \u00e1ut. Zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 tov\u00e1rn\u00ed v t\u00fdchto krajin\u00e1ch je v plnom alebo majoritnom vlastn\u00edctve \u010d\u00ednskych tov\u00e1rn\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 do nich outsourcuj\u00fa v\u00fdrobu s cie\u013eom zn\u00ed\u017eenia n\u00e1kladov.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n V d\u00f4sledku zabr\u00e1neniu \u0161\u00edreniu koronav\u00edrusu nariadila \u010d\u00ednska vl\u00e1da uzatvorenie viac ako 80 \u010d\u00ednskych miest. Uzatvoren\u00e9 oblasti neust\u00e1le prib\u00fadaj\u00fa, rovnako ako aj po\u010dty nakazen\u00fdch a m\u0155tvych. Na za\u010diatku febru\u00e1ra 2020 boli uzatvoren\u00e9 oblasti, ktor\u00e9 ob\u00fdva viac ako 100 mili\u00f3nov \u013eud\u00ed, dnes je to viac ako 400 mili\u00f3nov \u013eud\u00ed. Tieto oblasti tvorili v roku 2019 a\u017e dve tretiny hrub\u00e9ho dom\u00e1ceho produktu \u010c\u00edny<\/strong>. Ich uzatvorenie bude ma\u0165 siln\u00fd negat\u00edvny dopad na zahrani\u010dn\u00fd obchod \u010c\u00edny.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n P\u00f4vodne sa mala v\u00fdroba po \u010c\u00ednskom novom roku obnovi\u0165 u\u017e koncom janu\u00e1ra. Kv\u00f4li koronav\u00edrusu bol term\u00edn posunut\u00fd viackr\u00e1t. Lok\u00e1lna vl\u00e1da v\u00a0hlavnom \u010d\u00ednskom exportno-v\u00fdrobnom hube, provincii Guangdong, zatia\u013e uv\u00e1dza pozastavenie v\u00fdroby minim\u00e1lne do 10. febru\u00e1ra. Term\u00edn obnovenia prev\u00e1dzky je v\u0161ak st\u00e1le neur\u010den\u00fd a\u00a0s\u00a0prib\u00fadaj\u00facim mestami v\u00a0karant\u00e9ne, kde u\u017e lok\u00e1lne vl\u00e1dy zakazuj\u00fa obnovenie v\u00fdroby pred 17. febru\u00e1rom, mo\u017eno o\u010dak\u00e1va\u0165, \u017ee sa k\u00a0rovnak\u00fdm postupom pridaj\u00fa aj ostatn\u00e9 \u010dasti \u010c\u00edny. Ani 17. febru\u00e1r v\u0161ak nemus\u00ed by\u0165 definit\u00edvnym term\u00ednom obnovy v\u00fdroby.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Po obnoven\u00ed v\u00fdroby mo\u017eno po\u010d\u00edta\u0165 s nedostatkom pracovnej sily, nako\u013eko ve\u013ea robotn\u00edkov sa m\u00f4\u017ee rozhodn\u00fa\u0165 po sviatkoch nevr\u00e1ti\u0165 sa do pr\u00e1ce a zosta\u0165 s rodinou. Pod\u013ea mojich inform\u00e1ci\u00ed sa mnoh\u00ed \u010c\u00ed\u0148ania mimo izolovan\u00fdch z\u00f3n, ktor\u00ed vlastnia auto, pres\u00favaj\u00fa na vidiek, kde chc\u00fa pred koronav\u00edrusom chr\u00e1ni\u0165 seba a svoju rodinu. Probl\u00e9m s nedostatkom pracovnej sily v \u010d\u00ednskom exportno-v\u00fdrobnom hube – provincii Guangdong, m\u00f4\u017ee zintenz\u00edvni\u0165 aj izol\u00e1cia Hongkongu, z ktor\u00e9ho za norm\u00e1lnej situ\u00e1cie denne doch\u00e1dza za pr\u00e1cou do tejto provincie viac ako stotis\u00edc \u013eud\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Dopadom koronav\u00edrusu na luxusn\u00fa spotrebu \u010c\u00ed\u0148anov som sa venovala u\u017e v\u00a0minulom \u010dl\u00e1nku. Je potrebn\u00e9 si ale uvedomi\u0165, \u017ee luxusn\u00e1 spotreba nie je iba o\u00a0n\u00e1kupe kabeliek, odevu, doplnkov, \u010di luxusn\u00fdch z\u00e1jazdov do zahrani\u010dia. Zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm spotreby v\u00a0\u010c\u00edne v\u00fdrazne utrpia aj pr\u00e9miov\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 automobilky. V\u00a0\u010c\u00edne funguje zauj\u00edmav\u00fd fenom\u00e9n, zo z\u00e1padn\u00fdch automobiliek sa tam toti\u017e dok\u00e1\u017eu presadi\u0165 iba tie, ktor\u00e9 pon\u00fakaj\u00fa luxusnej\u0161ie aut\u00e1. \u010c\u00ed\u0148ania nemaj\u00fa z\u00e1ujem o\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161iu alebo stredn\u00fa triedu automobilov zo zahrani\u010dia \u2013 maj\u00fa toti\u017e viac ako 60 vlastn\u00fdch automobiliek. Zo zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch zna\u010diek ich zauj\u00edma iba prest\u00ed\u017e spojen\u00e1 s\u00a0vlastnen\u00edm luxusn\u00e9ho auta. Mo\u017eno o\u010dak\u00e1va\u0165, \u017ee zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd dopyt po t\u00fdchto aut\u00e1ch v\u00fdrazne zasiahne tr\u017eby spolo\u010dnost\u00ed Volkswagen<\/strong>, Mercedes-Benz<\/strong> and\u00a0BMW<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 patria medzi najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdrobcov pr\u00e9miov\u00fdch \u00e1ut v\u00a0\u010c\u00edne.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Tesla<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 koncom roka 2019 sl\u00e1vnostne otvorila svoju Gigafactory v \u0160anghaji, pravdepodobne pozastavenie v\u00fdroby a\u017e tak nezasiahne. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 m\u00e1 vlastn\u00fa v\u00fdrobu mimo \u010c\u00edny a \u010d\u00ednska tov\u00e1re\u0148 pred prepuknut\u00edm koronav\u00edrusu e\u0161te iba za\u010d\u00ednala vyr\u00e1ba\u0165, tak\u017ee Tesla od nej nie je z\u00e1visl\u00e1. Situ\u00e1cia ale bude ma\u0165 negat\u00edvny dopad na dosiahnut\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky Tesla, nako\u013eko sa firma pri nastaven\u00ed produk\u010dn\u00fdch cie\u013eov spoliehala na \u0161anghajsk\u00fa tov\u00e1re\u0148, \u010do zna\u010dne s\u0165a\u017e\u00ed, respekt\u00edve znemo\u017en\u00ed splnenie o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Prepuknutie koronav\u00edrusu v \u010c\u00edne negat\u00edvne ovplyvn\u00ed aj pr\u00edjmy glob\u00e1lnych firiem ako napr\u00edklad n\u00e1bytk\u00e1rskeho gigantu IKEA, stravovac\u00edch re\u0165azcov McDonald\u2019s \u010di KFC alebo Starbucks. V\u0161etky toti\u017e uzatvorili v d\u00f4sledku koronav\u00edrusu v\u0161etky alebo zna\u010dn\u00fa \u010das\u0165 svojich \u010d\u00ednskych prev\u00e1dzok. V pr\u00edpade Starbucks ide o uzatvorenie viac ako dvetis\u00edc predajn\u00fdch miest, \u010do predstavuje viac ako 10 percent v\u0161etk\u00fdch predajn\u00fdch miest spolo\u010dnosti mimo USA. Ekonomick\u00fd tlak poc\u00edtia aj glob\u00e1lne leteck\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti, hotelov\u00e9 siete a z\u00e1bavn\u00e9 parky. Leteck\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti<\/strong> po\u010das minul\u00fdch t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov zru\u0161ili viac ako 10 tis\u00edc letov do \u010c\u00edny, pri\u010dom pasa\u017eierom vracaj\u00fa cel\u00fa cenu zaplaten\u00fa za letenky. Hotelov\u00e1 sie\u0165 Marriot<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 v \u010c\u00edne generuje a\u017e 7 % svojich glob\u00e1lnych tr\u017eieb, sa tie\u017e m\u00f4\u017ee dosta\u0165 do probl\u00e9mov.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Glob\u00e1lnej\u0161\u00edm dopadom koronav\u00edrusu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pokles z\u00e1ujmu \u013eud\u00ed na celom svete o\u00a0cestovanie sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 panikou a\u00a0s\u00a0n\u00edm spojenou zv\u00fd\u0161enou opatrnos\u0165ou. Pokles glob\u00e1lneho turizmu pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00faceho aj nieko\u013eko mesiacov po stabilizovan\u00ed situ\u00e1cie v \u010c\u00edne spojenej s koronav\u00edrusom m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 spomalenie svetovej ekonomiky.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u010eal\u0161ou ranou pre \u010c\u00ednu, ktor\u00e1 sa objavila v \u010d\u00ednskych m\u00e9di\u00e1ch 1. febru\u00e1ra 2020, je prepuknutie novej vt\u00e1\u010dej chr\u00edpky H5N1. Koronav\u00edrus teda nie je jedin\u00fdm s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdm \u010d\u00ednskym probl\u00e9mom. Viacer\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednske zdroje poukazuj\u00fa na skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee v minulosti mala vt\u00e1\u010dia chr\u00edpka vy\u0161\u0161iu \u00famrtnos\u0165 ako SARS, \u010di MERS. Ob\u00e1vaj\u00fa sa tie\u017e mo\u017enej mut\u00e1cie medzi najnov\u0161ou verziou vt\u00e1\u010dej chr\u00edpky a koronav\u00edrusom.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00a0kontexte spomenut\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed nie je presun v\u00fdroby mimo \u010c\u00ednu rie\u0161en\u00edm<\/strong>. U\u017e v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti je zrejm\u00e9, \u017ee sa koronav\u00edrus roz\u0161\u00edril do juhov\u00fdchodnej \u00c1zie \u2013 terit\u00f3ria, ktor\u00e9 sa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie spom\u00ednaj\u00fa s\u00a0presunom v\u00fdroby z\u00a0\u010c\u00edny. Krajiny juhov\u00fdchodnej \u00c1zie, ktor\u00e9 u\u017e preberaj\u00fa ur\u010dit\u00fa \u010das\u0165 v\u00fdroby od \u010c\u00edny, nemaj\u00fa tak\u00e9 kapacity na efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie zvl\u00e1dnutie koronav\u00edrusu ako \u010c\u00edna. Z\u00a0tohto poh\u013eadu ned\u00e1va presun v\u00fdroby z\u00a0\u010c\u00edny do juhov\u00fdchodnej \u00c1zie zmysel.\u00a0 Je tie\u017e potrebn\u00e9 si uvedomi\u0165, \u017ee \u010fal\u0161ia epid\u00e9mia m\u00f4\u017ee nasta\u0165 kdeko\u013evek vo svete. Ide o\u00a0nepredv\u00eddate\u013en\u00e9 udalosti a\u00a0svet a\u00a0s\u00a0n\u00edm aj glob\u00e1lny obchod sa im bude musie\u0165 prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Z\u00e1vislos\u0165 svetov\u00e9ho obchodu na \u010c\u00edne je prive\u013ek\u00e1 na to, aby koronav\u00edrus ohrozil jej poz\u00edciu \u201efabriky sveta\u201c \u2013 oslabenie \u010c\u00edny v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 otrasy glob\u00e1lnej ekonomiky<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6401","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6401","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6401"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6401\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6401"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6401"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6401"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Tov\u00e1rne v \u010c\u00edne s\u00fa uzatvoren\u00e9 a s nimi aj takmer 70% hrub\u00e9ho dom\u00e1ceho produktu \u010c\u00edny<\/b><\/h3>\n
S\u00a0utlmen\u00edm v\u00fdroby kles\u00e1 aj spotreba \u2013 luxusn\u00e1 spotreba a\u00a0v\u00fddavky na cestovanie, \u010di\u00a0z\u00e1bavu utrpia dlhodobej\u0161ie<\/b><\/h3>\n