{"id":6485,"date":"2020-04-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-04-11T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/ako-sa-zachovaju-lidri-ked-pride-liek-na-chorobu-capek-predvidal-aj-koronakrizu-jeho-hra-bola-o-chorobe-z-ciny-a-slabej-moralke\/"},"modified":"2020-04-12T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2020-04-11T23:00:00","slug":"ako-sa-zachovaju-lidri-ked-pride-liek-na-chorobu-capek-predvidal-aj-koronakrizu-jeho-hra-bola-o-chorobe-z-ciny-a-slabej-moralke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/ako-sa-zachovaju-lidri-ked-pride-liek-na-chorobu-capek-predvidal-aj-koronakrizu-jeho-hra-bola-o-chorobe-z-ciny-a-slabej-moralke\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako sa zachovaj\u00fa l\u00eddri, ke\u010f pr\u00edde liek na chorobu? \u010capek predv\u00eddal aj koronakr\u00edzu, jeho hra bola o chorobe z \u010c\u00edny a slabej mor\u00e1lke"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>Ke\u010f bude potrebn\u00e9 rozhodova\u0165 sa medzi vojnou a zdrav\u00edm \u013eud\u00ed, pre ktor\u00fa mo\u017enos\u0165 sa rozhodn\u00fa l\u00eddri? <\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>S\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie vy\u0161\u0161ie z\u00e1ujmy alebo jednotlivec?<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>M\u00e1 vodca krajiny pr\u00e1vo rozhodova\u0165 vo v\u00e1\u017enych ot\u00e1zkach za \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed ho volili aj nevolili?<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>Je mor\u00e1lne, aby sa liek na z\u00e1kern\u00e9 ochorenie odtajnil a\u017e vtedy, ke\u010f l\u00eddri prist\u00fapia na spolo\u010dn\u00fa dohodu o ukon\u010den\u00ed v\u0161etk\u00fdch konfliktov?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Odpovede na tieto ot\u00e1zky je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 zodpoveda\u0165, mo\u017eno preto na ne \u010capkovo dielo <em>B\u00edla nemoc<\/em> ani neodpoved\u00e1. Nezainterestovane sleduje pr\u00edbehy nieko\u013ek\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed z r\u00f4znych soci\u00e1lnych vrstiev, na ktor\u00fdch vpl\u00fdvaj\u00fa dva vtedy aktu\u00e1lne javy: bl\u00ed\u017eiaca sa vojna a epid\u00e9mia (alebo pand\u00e9mia) hroznej choroby. Hoci zdanlivo nemaj\u00fa ni\u010d spolo\u010dn\u00e9, prepojeniu sa napokon nevyhn\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p>Predv\u00eddal Karel \u010capek rok 2020? Nepochybne to nemal v \u00famysle, ale jeho dielo je nad\u010dasov\u00e9 a hoci sa t\u00fdka rozkvetu nemeck\u00e9ho nacionalizmu v 30. rokoch 20. storo\u010dia, mnoho paralel nach\u00e1dzame aj so s\u00fa\u010dasnos\u0165ou. Hra B\u00edla nemoc z roku 1937 sleduje pr\u00edbehy me\u0161\u0165anov, chudobn\u00fdch, dikt\u00e1tora a lek\u00e1ra, ktor\u00ed by sa za be\u017en\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed nikdy nestretli, ale vinou okolnost\u00ed s\u00fa si bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed, akoby chceli, rozhodne v\u0161ak nie v pozit\u00edvnom zmysle slova.<\/p>\n<p>Ke\u010f vo svete z\u00fari choroba, ak\u00e1si kombin\u00e1cia lepry a moru, ktor\u00e1 zvn\u00fatra rozo\u017eiera svoje obete, je krajina na pokraji vojny. Agres\u00edvna r\u00e9torika l\u00eddra Mar\u0161ala, v ktorom nach\u00e1dzame obraz Adolfa Hitlera, ka\u017ed\u00fdm nov\u00fdm verejn\u00fdm vyst\u00fapen\u00edm podporuje verejn\u00fa mienku prikl\u00e1\u0148aj\u00facu sa k n\u00e1zoru, \u017ee vojna je nevyhnutn\u00e1 a spr\u00e1vna. \u013dudia sa rozpad\u00e1vaj\u00fa za\u017eiva, mor\u00e1lne i fyzicky, no t\u00ed zdrav\u00ed sa te\u0161ia z toho, \u017ee ich n\u00e1rod bude sl\u00e1vnej\u0161\u00ed v\u010faka r\u00fdchlej vojne, ktor\u00e1 nepriate\u013ea \u201erozdrt\u00ed na <em>padr\u0165<\/em> e\u0161te sk\u00f4r, ne\u017e zist\u00ed, \u017ee vojna\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00ed chudobn\u00ed, ktor\u00ed trpia, maj\u00fa vo veci jasno. T\u00ed zdrav\u00ed me\u0161tiaci sa na chorobu pozeraj\u00fa z neinformovan\u00e9ho nadh\u013eadu, ktor\u00fd dokonale vystihuje dial\u00f3g medzi dvomi man\u017eelmi, ke\u010f man\u017eel, sediac na pohovke, hovor\u00ed pracuj\u00facej \u017eene:<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eZasa \u010dl\u00e1nok o tej chorobe&#8230; keby s t\u00fdm len dali pokoj.\u201c<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u201eP\u00ed\u0161e mi sestra, \u017ee u nej je toho tie\u017e plno.\u201c<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u201eA nezmysel! To je u\u017e tak\u00e1 panika! Zavrie\u0165 t\u00fdch malomocn\u00fdch a nepusti\u0165 ich medzi \u013eud\u00ed! Ako sa na niekom uk\u00e1\u017ee biela nemoc, pre\u010d s n\u00edm.\u00a0<\/em><br \/>\n<em>A je to blbec. Ten novin\u00e1r. Tu p\u00ed\u0161e&#8230; ja sa div\u00edm, \u017ee to nezabavili. Tu p\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee sa pred tou nemocou nem\u00f4\u017ee nikto uchr\u00e1ni\u0165, \u017ee to zachv\u00e1ti v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed okolo p\u00e4\u0165desiatky. \u010co sa smie takto p\u00edsa\u0165? A viackr\u00e1t tie noviny nek\u00fapim, ja im uk\u00e1\u017eem!\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u010capkovi sa <em>\u00faplne<\/em> nepodarilo predv\u00edda\u0165 s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 ochorenie, preto\u017ee koronav\u00edrus COVID-19 sa neprejavuje ako lepra. Trafil sa v\u0161ak do skuto\u010dnosti, \u017ee na \u0148u zomieraj\u00fa star\u0161\u00ed \u013eudia &#8211; v pr\u00edpade bielej choroby sa jednalo o p\u00e4\u0165desiatnikov a star\u0161\u00edch. Mlad\u0161\u00ed brali vec na \u013eahk\u00fa v\u00e1hu aj v hre a zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee sa to deje aj teraz. <strong>Podobnos\u0165 nach\u00e1dzame aj s p\u00f4vodom ochorenia<\/strong>. \u201eB\u00edla nemoc\u201c je \u013eudov\u00fd n\u00e1zov choroby, ktor\u00e1 sa m\u00e1 v skuto\u010dnosti vola\u0165 \u201e\u010cengova choroba\u201c (Morgus Chengy) pod\u013ea doktora \u010cenga, ktor\u00fd chorobu prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t zaznamenal v pekinskej nemocnici.<\/p>\n<p>V situ\u00e1cii, ke\u010f krajine hroz\u00ed katastrofa, ekonomick\u00e1 pre vojnu a zdravotn\u00e1 pre \u0161\u00edriacu sa chorobu, prich\u00e1dza na sc\u00e9nu lek\u00e1r, doktor Gal\u00e9n, ktor\u00fd na\u0161iel liek. Spo\u013eahliv\u00fd, \u00faplne \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd, dokonca v priebehu hry sa do\u010dk\u00e1 aj klinick\u00e9ho testovania a dok\u00e1zania \u00faspe\u0161nosti.<\/p>\n<p>Ak si chcete hru vypo\u010du\u0165 alebo pozrie\u0165 (vznikol aj film), <strong>ne\u010d\u00edtajte tento odstavec<\/strong>, <strong>preto\u017ee v \u0148om prezrad\u00edm k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa z\u00e1pletku<\/strong>: Doktor Gal\u00e9n pred novin\u00e1rmi zverejn\u00ed svoj z\u00e1mer poskytn\u00fa\u0165 liek iba vtedy, ke\u010f sa l\u00eddri v\u0161etk\u00fdch kraj\u00edn sveta zavia\u017eu, \u017ee u\u017e nikdy nebud\u00fa vies\u0165 vojny. Nikdy. A m\u00e1 na to svoj d\u00f4vod, ktor\u00fd je v s\u00falade aj s lek\u00e1rskou etikou: cie\u013eom lek\u00e1ra je ochra\u0148ova\u0165 \u017eivot, teda aj ten, o ktor\u00fd prich\u00e1dzame vo vojn\u00e1ch. Tento krok lek\u00e1ra sa stretne s mas\u00edvnou, priam absurdnou vlnou nepochopenia. Vojna a \u201esl\u00e1va n\u00e1roda\u201c s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie ako \u017eivoty jednotlivcov.\u00a0 Lek\u00e1r zatia\u013e pokra\u010duje v lie\u010den\u00ed chudobn\u00fdch. Bohat\u00fdch a vplyvn\u00fdch do lie\u010denia neberie, preto\u017ee t\u00ed maj\u00fa vplyv na to, aby sa dali z\u00e1mery o zru\u0161en\u00ed vojen realizova\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Karel \u010capek ako citliv\u00fd \u010dlovek ve\u013emi dobre vystihol aj to, ako sa verejn\u00e1 mienka pomaly za\u010dala nakl\u00e1\u0148a\u0165 v prospech lek\u00e1ra, ke\u010f sa u\u017e choroba mas\u00edvne roz\u0161\u00edrila. \u013dudia prosili l\u00eddrov, aby konali, t\u00ed boli ale pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ek\u00ed vizion\u00e1ri na to, aby sa vzdali vojen a zachr\u00e1nili \u013eud\u00ed. Zmenilo sa to a\u017e vtedy, pochopite\u013ene, ke\u010f sa sami nakazili stra\u0161nou chorobou.<\/p>\n<p>To u\u017e ale bolo neskoro pre d\u00f4vody, ktor\u00e9 teraz neprezrad\u00edm &#8211; pozrite si rad\u0161ej film re\u017eis\u00e9ra Huga Haase, ktor\u00fd si vo filme zahral doktora Gal\u00e9na, je spr\u00edstupnen\u00fd zadarmo v arch\u00edve \u010ceskej filmovej klasiky. Na internete ale m\u00f4\u017eete n\u00e1js\u0165 aj rozhlasov\u00e9 hry, ktor\u00e9 vych\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho \u010capkovho diela.<\/p>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HJMUIBEzYnI\" width=\"100%\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\"><\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Ak\u00e9 ponau\u010denie n\u00e1m z minulosti zasiela \u010capek?<\/h3>\n<p>Azda ka\u017ed\u00fd, kto sa dostal k dielam Karla \u010capka, pochopil jeho jedine\u010dnos\u0165. Jeho diela nie s\u00fa iba o ps\u00edkoch a ma\u010di\u010dk\u00e1ch a robotoch. Jeho poviedky, rom\u00e1ny a hry maj\u00fa hlbok\u00e9 mor\u00e1lne ponau\u010denia, niekedy vtipn\u00e9, inokedy menej vtipn\u00e9. V pr\u00edpade diela B\u00edla nemoc vtip i\u0161iel bokom.<\/p>\n<p>V s\u00favislosti s aktu\u00e1lnou pand\u00e9miou koronav\u00edrusu COVID-19 n\u00e1m m\u00e1 by\u0165 \u010capkovo posolstvo ponau\u010den\u00edm. \u013dudsk\u00fd \u017eivot je v\u017edy viac ako politika a v\u017edy viac ako ve\u013ekolep\u00e9 idey. \u013dudia, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa idey t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa n\u00e1rodov, spolo\u010dnost\u00ed, oby\u010dajne nemaj\u00fa mor\u00e1lku, preto\u017ee myslia pr\u00edli\u0161 vo ve\u013ekom, ale nie v malom. Nie ekonomika, vojna, sl\u00e1va n\u00e1roda, ale ten jeden \u013eudsk\u00fd \u017eivot m\u00e1 cenu a zmysel &#8211; \u017eivot kohoko\u013evek z n\u00e1s.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u010cesk\u00fd spisovate\u013e a dramatik Karel \u010capek predbehol svoju dobu, predv\u00eddal aj t\u00fa na\u0161u?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6485","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6485"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6485\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}