{"id":6489,"date":"2020-04-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-04-13T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/presne-pred-108-rokmi-stroskotal-titanic-za-par-rokov-sa-jeho-vrak-rozpadne-pozrite-si-posledne-filmove-zabery\/"},"modified":"2020-04-14T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2020-04-13T23:00:00","slug":"presne-pred-108-rokmi-stroskotal-titanic-za-par-rokov-sa-jeho-vrak-rozpadne-pozrite-si-posledne-filmove-zabery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/presne-pred-108-rokmi-stroskotal-titanic-za-par-rokov-sa-jeho-vrak-rozpadne-pozrite-si-posledne-filmove-zabery\/","title":{"rendered":"Presne pred 108 rokmi stroskotal Titanic. Za p\u00e1r rokov sa jeho vrak rozpadne, pozrite si posledn\u00e9 filmov\u00e9 z\u00e1bery"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fd po\u0161tov\u00fd parn\u00edk RMS Titanic sa potopil v noci zo 14. na 15. apr\u00edla 1912, teda presne pred 108 rokmi.<\/p>\n<p>Titanic bol p\u00f4sobivo obrovsk\u00fd, ale nie je pravdou, \u017ee by bol dodnes neprekonan\u00fd, ako sa ob\u010das zvykne hovori\u0165. Parn\u00edk mal d\u013a\u017eku 269,1 m, \u0161\u00edrku maxim\u00e1lne 28,25 m, ponor 10,54 m. Poh\u00e1\u0148alo ho 29 parn\u00fdch kotlov na uhlie, ktor\u00e9 spolo\u010dne rozt\u00e1\u010dali tri lodn\u00e9 skrutky. Maxim\u00e1lny v\u00fdkon predstavoval 50 000 konsk\u00fdch s\u00edl. Cestovn\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 Titanicu nebola \u00faplne z\u00e1vratn\u00e1: cestovn\u00e1 bola 21 uzlov (39 km\/h), maxim\u00e1lna 24 uzlov (44 km\/h). Napriek tejto neve\u013ekej r\u00fdchlosti po zr\u00e1\u017eke s \u013eadovcom lo\u010f svoju prv\u00fa plavbu skon\u010dila pred\u010dasne a pri trag\u00e9dii zahynulo pol druha tis\u00edca \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n Porovnanie ve\u013ekosti Titanicu s \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi objektmi (zdroj: Wikimedia Commons)\n<p>Vo ve\u013ekej miere k zv\u00fd\u0161eniu povedomiu o tejto lodi prispel rovnomenn\u00fd film s Leonardom DiCapriom a Kate Winslet v hlavn\u00fdch \u00faloh\u00e1ch v r\u00e9\u017eii Jamesa Camerona, ktor\u00fd svoj \u017eivot zasv\u00e4til pr\u00e1ve v\u00fdskumu Titanicu. Je jedn\u00fdm z m\u00e1la \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed videli jeho vrak na vlastn\u00e9 o\u010di a\u017e na samom dne Atlantick\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu v h\u013abke 3,8 kilometra.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Posledn\u00e9 kamerov\u00e9 z\u00e1bery Titanicu pred jeho prvou komer\u010dnou platbou:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Olympic (sister ship of Titanic) departure (video 1911).\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/jkjjxioYIuE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Vrak sa na\u0161iel a\u017e po 73 rokoch<\/h3>\n<p>Dnes pozn\u00e1me z\u00e1bery vraku Titanicu ako nie\u010do samozrejm\u00e9, ale vedzte, \u017ee vrak tejto lode bol objaven\u00fd iba pred 35 rokmi!<\/p>\n<p>Dovtedy, samozrejme, bola vedomos\u0165 o jeho potopen\u00ed historick\u00fdm faktom, ale vtedaj\u0161ie technol\u00f3gie nedok\u00e1zali nazrie\u0165 tak hlboko pod hladinu oce\u00e1nu. A\u017e 1. septembra 1985\u00a0na 41\u00b0 43&#8242; 55&#8242; severnej \u0161\u00edrky a 49\u00b0 56&#8242; 45&#8242; z\u00e1padnej d\u013a\u017eky\u00a0na\u0161li kamery Arga \u0161peci\u00e1lnej nepilotovanej ponorky t\u00edmu Roberta Ballarda a Jeana-Louisa Michela.<\/p>\n<p>Ani to ale neprebehlo \u00faplne jednoducho. Prv\u00e9ho septembra sa na\u0161iel prv\u00fd z 29 kotlov a a\u017e o de\u0148 nesk\u00f4r na\u0161la ponorka aj trup lode. Bol to <strong>hr\u00f4zostra\u0161n\u00fd poh\u013ead<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd navy\u0161e dramaticky otriasol dovtedy zn\u00e1mou verziou pr\u00edbehu o potopen\u00ed Titanicu. Dovtedy sa z v\u00fdpoved\u00ed pre\u017eiv\u0161\u00edch uv\u00e1dzalo, \u017ee lo\u010f klesla ku dnu s iba minim\u00e1lnymi po\u0161kodeniami. Kamerami sa ale zistilo, \u017ee Titanic bol prelomen\u00fd na dve polovice a zadn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 plavidla le\u017eala a\u017e 750 metrov od trupu lode!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Fotografie z roku 1985 e\u0161te odha\u013euj\u00fa pozostatky po cestuj\u00facich (foto: Institute for Exploration\/NOAA)\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Zauj\u00edmavos\u0165ou bolo, \u017ee v roku 1985 sa podarilo nafoti\u0165 e\u0161te pomerne ve\u013ea drobn\u00fdch objektov a predmetov, ktor\u00e9 patrili cestuj\u00facim. V priebehu rokov sa mno\u017estvo z nich vytiahlo na hladinu a dnes predstavuj\u00fa zberate\u013esk\u00e9 unik\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n<p>Dnes je situ\u00e1cia ove\u013ea odli\u0161nej\u0161ia. Mno\u017estvo predmetov sa za \u010fal\u0161\u00edch 35 rokov stratilo v hlbin\u00e1ch kv\u00f4li bakt\u00e9ri\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 postupne a vytrvalo rozo\u017eieraj\u00fa v\u0161etko, \u010d\u00edm bol Titanic kedysi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Vrak Titanicu sa za nieko\u013eko rokov strat\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Sl\u00e1vna <em>nepotopite\u013en\u00e1<\/em> lo\u010f, ktor\u00e1 v roku 1912 narazila do \u013eadovca a pri jej potopen\u00ed zahynulo a\u017e 1 500 \u013eud\u00ed, sa definit\u00edvne str\u00e1ca v oce\u00e1ne. Nie je za to zodpovedn\u00fd \u010dlovek a jeho vplyv na \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie, ale \u00faplne oby\u010dajn\u00fd prirodzen\u00fd proces. Fascinuj\u00face u\u017e len to, \u017ee trosky lode m\u00f4\u017eeme vidie\u0165 e\u0161te aj dnes, 108 rokov po tejto nesmiernej trag\u00e9dii.<\/p>\n<p>Je ist\u00e9, \u017ee \u010fal\u0161ie dve desa\u0165ro\u010dia u\u017e Titanic \u201enepre\u017eije\u201c ani ako potopen\u00fd vrak a stane sa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou oce\u00e1nskeho bahna na dne. Vedeck\u00e9 odhady dokonca tvrdia, \u017ee tieto bakt\u00e9rie ka\u017ed\u00fd jeden de\u0148 \u201ezo\u017eer\u00fa\u201c a\u017e 180 kilogramov materi\u00e1lu z lode! \u010c\u00edtate spr\u00e1vne, <strong>180 kilogramov denne<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Bakt\u00e9rie s\u00fa tu ve\u013emi akt\u00edvne aj napriek tomu, \u017ee teplota vody v h\u013abke 3,8 kilometra predstavuje iba 1\u00b0C a tlak dosahuje 377 atmosf\u00e9r, teda\u00a03 895 267 kg\/m2!<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e1to kor\u00f3zia prebieha prakticky od chv\u00edle potopenia lode a dnes vedeck\u00ed pracovn\u00edci exped\u00edcie pozoruj\u00fa, \u017ee tento proces je skuto\u010dn\u00fd a neodvratn\u00fd. Franc\u00fazska exped\u00edcia je zatia\u013e poslednou, ktor\u00e1 sa prostredn\u00edctvom \u0161peci\u00e1lnych zariaden\u00ed vydala do h\u013abky takmer \u0161tyroch kilometrov. Jej z\u00e1mer bol (okrem in\u00e9ho) vyzdvihn\u00fa\u0165 nieko\u013eko predmetov. Av\u0161ak na mieste, kde sa mali nach\u00e1dza\u0165, nakoniec nebolo ni\u010d, tvrdia vedci vo videu ni\u017e\u0161ie.<\/p>\n<p>Exped\u00edcia potvrdila, \u017ee Titanic u\u017e definit\u00edvne pri\u0161iel o va\u0148u v kapit\u00e1nskej kajute a niektor\u00e9 spolo\u010densk\u00e9 priestory, vr\u00e1tane sl\u00e1vnej klubovne.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HI6mt2w89rU\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\"><\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/j-MgL5TvoeE\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\"><\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Titanic je minulos\u0165ou, ale \u010doskoro sa bud\u00fa \u013eudia p\u00fdta\u0165, \u010di sa v\u00f4bec skuto\u010dne nach\u00e1dzal na dne Atlantick\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6489"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6489\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}