{"id":6519,"date":"2020-05-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-05-18T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/ako-nakupovat-tovar-z-ciny-vo-velkom-a-neprist-o-tisice-eur\/"},"modified":"2020-05-19T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2020-05-18T23:00:00","slug":"ako-nakupovat-tovar-z-ciny-vo-velkom-a-neprist-o-tisice-eur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/ako-nakupovat-tovar-z-ciny-vo-velkom-a-neprist-o-tisice-eur\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako nakupova\u0165 tovar z \u010c\u00edny vo ve\u013ekom a nepr\u00eds\u0165 o tis\u00edce eur?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zdroj titulnej fotografie: Dovoz z \u010c\u00edny (dovoz-z-ciny.sk)<\/em><\/p>\n

V\u00a0tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku by som v\u00e1m chcela na z\u00e1klade mojich sk\u00fasenost\u00ed s\u00a0obchodovan\u00edm s\u00a0\u010d\u00ednskymi dod\u00e1vate\u013emi (nielen) cez port\u00e1l Alibaba pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 fungovanie obchodu a\u00a0probl\u00e9my, do ktor\u00fdch sa m\u00f4\u017eete dosta\u0165 pri n\u00e1kupe od \u010d\u00ednskeho dod\u00e1vate\u013ea, ktor\u00e9ho ste si na\u0161li na Alibabe.<\/span><\/p>\n

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S\u00a0roz\u0161iruj\u00facou sa ponukou slu\u017eieb port\u00e1lu Alibaba rast\u00fa aj probl\u00e9my pre nesk\u00fasen\u00fdch import\u00e9rov<\/b><\/p>\n

Port\u00e1l Alibaba za\u010d\u00ednal koncom 90. rokov ako \u201eZlat\u00e9 str\u00e1nky\u201c \u010d\u00ednskych firiem s\u00a0cie\u013eom prep\u00e1ja\u0165 ich so zahrani\u010dn\u00fdmi kupcami. Postupne nabral trakciu a\u00a0dnes je akousi br\u00e1nou prep\u00e1jaj\u00facou kupcov z\u00a0cel\u00e9ho sveta a predajcov preva\u017ene z\u00a0\u010c\u00edny v\u00a0B2B segmente.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Platba dod\u00e1vate\u013eovi priamo cez port\u00e1l Alibaba?
\nPreprava z\u00a0\u010c\u00edny na Slovensko zabezpe\u010den\u00e1 dod\u00e1vate\u013eom z \u010c\u00edny?
\nNenechajte sa nachyta\u0165…<\/b><\/p>\n

Pri rokovan\u00ed o\u00a0objedn\u00e1vke tovaru v\u00e1m u\u017e v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti \u010d\u00ednsky dod\u00e1vate\u013e m\u00f4\u017ee pon\u00faknu\u0165 aj mo\u017enos\u0165 zaru\u010den\u00e9ho vr\u00e1tenia finan\u010dn\u00fdch prostriedkov po dodan\u00ed tovaru v\u00a0pr\u00edpade, \u017ee by s\u00a0n\u00edm bolo ni\u010do v\u00a0neporiadku. T\u00e1to slu\u017eba sa vol\u00e1 Trade Assurance. M\u00e1 to v\u0161ak h\u00e1\u010dik. Pri poplatkoch spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0transakciou, ktor\u00e9 by ste museli navy\u0161e zaplati\u0165 port\u00e1lu \u2013 cca 3 % z\u00a0hodnoty transakcie m\u00e1 vyu\u017eitie takejto z\u00e1bezpeky ekonomick\u00fd zmysel iba pri n\u00e1kupe vzoriek alebo objedn\u00e1vok v\u00a0men\u0161ej finan\u010dnej hodnote, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa realizovan\u00e9 expresnou leteckou prepravou.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Existuj\u00fa aj ve\u013ek\u00e9 kapit\u00e1lovo siln\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednske firmy, ktor\u00e9 na port\u00e1li Alibaba akceptuj\u00fa predaj cez z\u00e1bezpeku aj pri objedn\u00e1vkach v\u00a0hodnote nieko\u013eko stotis\u00edc americk\u00fdch dol\u00e1rov. Tak\u00fdchto firiem je v\u0161ak ve\u013emi m\u00e1lo a\u00a0znev\u00fdhod\u0148uj\u00fa ich u\u017e spom\u00ednan\u00e9 transak\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady. Slu\u017eba z\u00e1bezpeky Trade Assurance funguje tak, \u017ee port\u00e1l Alibaba dr\u017e\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00e9 prostriedky, ktor\u00e9 ste zaplatili za v\u00e1\u0161 dovoz tovaru z\u00a0\u010c\u00edny na svojom \u00fa\u010dte a\u017e po dodanie tovaru k\u00a0v\u00e1m a\u00a0z\u00edskanie potvrdenia, \u017ee je v\u00a0poriadku. Je teda zrejm\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u010d\u00ednskych firiem nebude ma\u0165 z\u00e1ujem o\u00a0poskytnutie tejto slu\u017eby pri \u017eelezni\u010dnej alebo n\u00e1mornej preprave, nako\u013eko by v\u00a0tomto pr\u00edpade k\u00a0\u010dasu v\u00fdroby tovaru, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee trva\u0165 aj 30 dn\u00ed, musela pripo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 aj \u010das prepravy a\u00a0preclievania, ktor\u00fd je 45 dn\u00ed pri n\u00e1mornej preprave a\u00a022-30 dn\u00ed pri \u017eelezni\u010dnej preprave. Pri zva\u017eovan\u00ed vyu\u017eitia slu\u017eby z\u00e1bezpeky na port\u00e1li Alibaba je v\u0161ak potrebn\u00e9 zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 aj v\u00fdmenn\u00fd kurz, ktor\u00fd je spravidla v\u00fdrazne vo v\u00e1\u0161 neprospech oproti alternat\u00edvnym mo\u017enostiam platenia.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Akcept\u00e1cia platby \u010di poplatok za stojn\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161\u00edm bodom v\u00e1\u0161ho dovozu tovaru z\u00a0\u010c\u00edny, na ktorom sa m\u00f4\u017eete pop\u00e1li\u0165 a\u00a0pr\u00eds\u0165 o\u00a0tis\u00edcky eur je akcept\u00e1cia prepravy zo strany \u010d\u00ednskeho dod\u00e1vate\u013ea. S\u00a0roz\u0161iruj\u00facou sa ponukou slu\u017eieb port\u00e1lu, pon\u00faka \u010doraz viac \u010d\u00ednskych dod\u00e1vate\u013eov aj zabezpe\u010denie prepravy. K\u00fdm v\u00a0pr\u00edpade leteckej prepravy m\u00f4\u017eete touto cestou u\u0161etri\u0165 nielen \u010das ale aj finan\u010dn\u00e9 prostriedky, pri akcept\u00e1cii \u017eelezni\u010dnej alebo n\u00e1mornej prepravy v\u00e1s to m\u00f4\u017ee st\u00e1\u0165 tis\u00edce eur navy\u0161e. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u010d\u00ednskych dod\u00e1vate\u013eov nem\u00e1 predstavu o\u00a0n\u00e1kladoch spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0prepravou tovaru po mori \u010di \u017eeleznici. Ak sa rozhodnete pre vyu\u017eitie ich slu\u017eieb v\u00a0tejto oblasti, zazmluvnia najlacnej\u0161\u00edch lok\u00e1lnych \u010d\u00ednskych prepravcov, ktor\u00fdm je spravidla jedno kedy tovar d\u00f4jde do pr\u00edstavu alebo termin\u00e1lu ur\u010denia a\u00a0medzi\u010dasom nebud\u00fa kontaktova\u0165 v\u00e1s ani kancel\u00e1riu miesta ur\u010denia.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Povedzme, \u017ee ste sa rozhodli vyu\u017ei\u0165 n\u00e1morn\u00fa prepravu pon\u00fakan\u00fa va\u0161im \u010d\u00ednskym dod\u00e1vate\u013eom priamo do pr\u00edstavu v Bratislave. Mala trva\u0165 45 dn\u00ed. Ubehli dva mesiace a vy ste nerv\u00f3zny, nako\u013eko nem\u00e1te tovar a ani predstavu kde by sa mohol nach\u00e1dza\u0165. <\/span><\/p>\n

O t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 v\u00e1m zavolaj\u00fa z pr\u00edstavu v Koperi (Slovinsko), \u017ee tam m\u00e1te tri t\u00fd\u017edne nevyzdvihnut\u00fd kontajner, za ktor\u00fd im dl\u017e\u00edte stojn\u00e9 vo v\u00fd\u0161ke nie\u010do medzi 3 000 a\u017e 6 000 eur<\/strong> (pr\u00edstavy si v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou \u00fa\u010dtuj\u00fa poplatky vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 150 a\u017e 200 eur za ka\u017ed\u00fd extra de\u0148 stojn\u00e9ho). <\/span><\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mom je, \u017ee na vyzdvihnutie kontajnera budete potrebova\u0165 dokumenty, o ktor\u00fdch ani neviete, \u017ee existuj\u00fa a ich z\u00edskanie od \u010d\u00ednskeho dod\u00e1vate\u013ea m\u00f4\u017ee trva\u0165 \u010fal\u0161\u00edch nieko\u013eko dn\u00ed. Okrem tradi\u010dn\u00fdch prepravn\u00fdch dokumentov budete pri v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine tovarov potrebova\u0165 aj certifik\u00e1ty, ktor\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednsky dod\u00e1vate\u013e nemus\u00ed ma\u0165. Z\u00edskanie certifik\u00e1tu, ak by bol ochotn\u00fd da\u0165 tovar certifikova\u0165, m\u00f4\u017ee trva\u0165 aj 30 dn\u00ed \u2013 to je \u010fal\u0161\u00edch nieko\u013eko tis\u00edc eur navy\u0161e, pri\u010dom vy nem\u00e1te \u017eiadnu garanciu, \u017ee tovaru bude certifik\u00e1t nakoniec udelen\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nezab\u00fadajme v\u0161ak ani na prepravu z\u00a0pr\u00edstavu k\u00a0v\u00e1m do skladu na Slovensku \u010di v\u00a0\u010cesku \u2013 aj t\u00fa si budete musie\u0165 v\u00a0tomto pr\u00edpade objedna\u0165 a\u00a0zaplati\u0165 vy. Vo fin\u00e1le v\u00e1s teda preprava z\u00a0\u010c\u00edny od \u010d\u00ednskeho dod\u00e1vate\u013ea st\u00e1la nielen 500 dol\u00e1rov, ktor\u00e9 ste zaplatili jemu za \u201ezariadenie celej prepravy a\u017e k\u00a0v\u00e1m domov\u201c ale aj \u010fal\u0161\u00edch nieko\u013eko tis\u00edc eur na stojnom v\u00a0pr\u00edstave a\u00a0\u010fal\u0161\u00edch nieko\u013eko stoviek eur za prepravu z\u00a0pr\u00edstavu k\u00a0v\u00e1m. <\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00a0tohto poh\u013eadu odpor\u00fa\u010dam realizova\u0165 v\u00a0r\u00e1mci slu\u017eieb dod\u00e1vate\u013ea iba leteck\u00fa prepravu. Aj tam v\u0161ak treba zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 akou tovar potrebujete z\u00edska\u0165 (preprava od \u010d\u00ednskych prepravcov je spravidla pomal\u0161ia a\u00a0m\u00f4\u017ee absentova\u0165 mo\u017enos\u0165 sledovania z\u00e1sielky) a\u00a0da\u0165 si pozor, aby v\u00e1m tovar nebol dodan\u00fd iba na letisko v\u00a0Bratislave. V\u00a0tomto pr\u00edpade by ste si toti\u017e museli h\u013eada\u0165 coln\u00e9ho deklaranta a\u00a0zabezpe\u010di\u0165 coln\u00e9 konanie vo vlastnej r\u00e9\u017eii.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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V\u00fdrobca alebo distrib\u00fator? Tak \u013eahko to nezist\u00edte<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na port\u00e1li Alibaba je tie\u017e ve\u013ea obchodn\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 tovar nevyr\u00e1baj\u00fa a\u00a0zabezpe\u010duj\u00fa iba jeho distrib\u00faciu. Ve\u013ea z\u00a0nich sa tv\u00e1ri ako v\u00fdrobcovia a\u00a0bud\u00fa v\u00e1s presvied\u010da\u0165, \u017ee fotky tov\u00e1rn\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1m posielaj\u00fa s\u00fa skuto\u010dne ich. Odl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 ich od v\u00fdrobcov je dos\u0165 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 pokia\u013e \u010dlovek neovl\u00e1da \u010d\u00ednsky jazyk a\u00a0nie je si schopn\u00fd overi\u0165 fakty v\u00a0\u010d\u00ednskych registroch. Probl\u00e9m \u010d\u00ednskych obchodn\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed je ten, \u017ee v\u00e1m nebud\u00fa vedie\u0165 garantova\u0165 \u010das dokon\u010denia v\u00fdroby a\u00a0po\u010das peak seasons sa v\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165, \u017ee sa bude kvalita t\u00fdch ist\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1m pr\u00eddu v\u00a0jednom kontajneri, zna\u010dne l\u00ed\u0161i\u0165, nako\u013eko ich d\u00e1 sprostredkovate\u013e vyrobi\u0165 v\u00a0rozli\u010dn\u00fdch tov\u00e1r\u0148ach. Pri obchodovan\u00ed s\u00a0\u010d\u00ednskymi obchodn\u00fdmi spolo\u010dnos\u0165ami je tie\u017e potrebn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u0165 s\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161ou cenou tovaru.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pri stotis\u00edcoch firiem je na port\u00e1li aj viacero neakt\u00edvnych spolo\u010dnost\u00ed. Stalo sa mi, \u017ee jedna z t\u00fdchto neakt\u00edvnych firiem kontaktovala potenci\u00e1lneho klienta a pon\u00fakla mu ve\u013emi priazniv\u00fa cenu za bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 dvere v odbere jedn\u00e9ho mal\u00e9ho kontajnera. I\u0161lo by o objedn\u00e1vku v hodnote cca 70-tis\u00edc dol\u00e1rov. <\/span><\/p>\n

Po podrobnom preklepnut\u00ed som odhalila, \u017ee firma je neakt\u00edvna viac ako 7 rokov<\/strong>. Na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead firma p\u00f4sobila hodnoverne. Internetov\u00e1 str\u00e1nka bola v \u010d\u00ednskom aj anglickom jazyku. Firma bola zalistovan\u00e1 aj na v\u0161etk\u00fdch v\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edch dod\u00e1vate\u013esko-odberate\u013esk\u00fdch port\u00e1loch. Uk\u00e1zalo sa v\u0161ak, \u017ee b\u00fdval\u00e9mu zamestnancovi zostali pr\u00edstupy k firemn\u00fdm emailom a \u00fa\u010dte na Alibaba a sna\u017eil sa obohati\u0165 t\u00fdm, \u017ee by si nechal zaplati\u0165 za tovar, ktor\u00fd by klient nikdy neuvidel.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Klasteriz\u00e1cia v\u00fdroby v \u010c\u00edne<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161\u00edm faktom, na ktor\u00fd si je potrebn\u00e9 da\u0165 pozor pri n\u00e1kupe z\u00a0port\u00e1lu Alibaba je tvz. \u201eklasteriz\u00e1cia v\u00fdroby v\u00a0\u010c\u00edne\u201c. \u010c\u00ednske mest\u00e1 a\u00a0dediny sa spravidla \u0161pecializuj\u00fa na ur\u010dit\u00fd druh tovaru a\u00a0v\u0161etky tov\u00e1rne v\u00a0tejto oblasti teda prakticky vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa to ist\u00e9. V\u00a0meste Xiamen sa napr\u00edklad vyr\u00e1ba textil a\u00a0magnetky, Qingdao sa zasa \u0161pecializuje na priemyseln\u00e9 tovary (kontajnery na skladovanie tovaru, kancel\u00e1rske kontajnery alebo cestn\u00e9 podlo\u017eky pre po\u013enohospod\u00e1rske dru\u017estv\u00e1) a\u00a0Shenzhen vyr\u00e1ba LED displeje a\u00a0elektroniku v\u0161etk\u00e9ho druhu. V\u00a0\u010c\u00edne neexistuje v\u00a0s\u00fakromnom sektore odstupn\u00e9 pre zamestnancov, ktor\u00ed dostan\u00fa v\u00fdpove\u010f a\u00a0\u013eudia s\u00fa prep\u00fa\u0161\u0165an\u00ed zo d\u0148a na de\u0148. Zamestnanci nemaj\u00fa vo\u010di firm\u00e1m \u017eiadnu lojalitu, aj 50 EUR mesa\u010dne extra je dostato\u010dn\u00e1 suma na to aby zmenili zamestn\u00e1vate\u013ea. Viackr\u00e1t som si v\u0161imla, \u017ee kontakt na \u010derstv\u00e9ho ex-zamestnanca zostal na Alibabe bez aktualiz\u00e1cie aj nieko\u013eko t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov po jeho odchode z\u00a0firmy. Ak si to nev\u0161imnete, v najlep\u0161om pr\u00edpade zaplat\u00edte za tovar inej firme, ktor\u00e1 vyr\u00e1ba rovnak\u00fd typ tovaru. Kvalita v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 v\u00fdrazne odli\u0161n\u00e1. V\u00a0najhor\u0161om pr\u00edpade zaplat\u00edte za tovar z \u010c\u00edny na \u00fa\u010det s\u00fakromnej osoby, ktor\u00e1 si cel\u00fa sumu nech\u00e1 a vy\u00a0tovar nikdy neuvid\u00edte.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Obchodovanie s\u00a0\u010d\u00ednskymi dod\u00e1vate\u013emi cez port\u00e1l Alibaba m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k\u00a0\u00faspe\u0161n\u00fdm dlhoro\u010dn\u00fdm spolupr\u00e1cam, je ale potrebn\u00e9 d\u00e1va\u0165 si pozor<\/strong> a\u00a0zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165, \u010di s\u00fa pre v\u00e1s pon\u00fakan\u00e9 podmienky skuto\u010dne v\u00fdhodn\u00e9.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n

K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 pojmy tohto \u010dl\u00e1nku:<\/strong><\/p>\n

dovoz z \u010c\u00edny, dovoz tovaru z \u010c\u00edny, sprostredkovanie obchodu s \u010c\u00ednou, preprava tovaru z \u010c\u00edny, preclenie tovaru z \u010c\u00edny, dovoz strojov z \u010c\u00edny, obchodovanie s \u00c1ziou, v\u00fdvoz tovaru do \u010c\u00edny, propag\u00e1cia slovensk\u00fdch produktov v \u010c\u00edne, marketing v \u010c\u00edne, n\u00e1jdenie dod\u00e1vate\u013ea v \u010c\u00edne, in\u0161pekcia tovaru v \u010c\u00edne, kontrola tovaru v \u010c\u00edne, in\u0161pekcia tovaru v \u00c1zii, kontrola tovaru v \u00c1zii.<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Roz\u0161iruj\u00faca sa ponuka slu\u017eieb port\u00e1lu Alibaba pre dovoz tovaru z \u010c\u00edny \u2013 \u010do zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 a ako pri ich vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed nepr\u00eds\u0165 o tis\u00edce eur.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6519","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6519","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6519"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6519\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6519"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6519"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6519"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}