{"id":6714,"date":"2021-01-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-19T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/drony-a-vtactvo-ako-technologie-ovplyvnuju-vtaky-a-preco-ich-hned-neodsudit\/"},"modified":"2021-01-20T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-01-19T23:00:00","slug":"drony-a-vtactvo-ako-technologie-ovplyvnuju-vtaky-a-preco-ich-hned-neodsudit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/drony-a-vtactvo-ako-technologie-ovplyvnuju-vtaky-a-preco-ich-hned-neodsudit\/","title":{"rendered":"Drony a vt\u00e1ctvo: Ako technol\u00f3gie ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa vt\u00e1ky a pre\u010do ich hne\u010f neods\u00fadi\u0165?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Azda v\u0161etci vieme, \u017ee lietadl\u00e1 s\u00fa pre vt\u00e1ctvo podobne nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 ako vt\u00e1ky pre lietadl\u00e1. Ke\u010f sa vrtu\u013eov\u00e9 lietadlo dostane do kol\u00edzie s vt\u00e1kom, nemus\u00ed to znamena\u0165 po\u0161kodenie pohonu, ale k\u0155de\u013e vt\u00e1kov v pr\u00fadovom motore u\u017e vie by\u0165 probl\u00e9mom dostato\u010dne ve\u013ek\u00fdm na to, aby muselo lietadlo n\u00fadzovo prist\u00e1\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edm tak\u00fdmto pr\u00edpadom je let US Airways 1549 lietadla Airbus A320-214 z 15. janu\u00e1ra 2009, s ktor\u00fdm musel pilot Chesley B. &#8222;Sully&#8220; Sullenberger n\u00fadzovo prist\u00e1\u0165 na rieke Hudson v New Yorku. Incident je zn\u00e1my ako Z\u00e1zrak na Hudsone, preto\u017ee sa pri \u0148om nikomu ni\u010d nestalo.<\/p>\n<p>In\u00fd pr\u00edpad je zn\u00e1my z Denveru, taktie\u017e z roku 2009 a taktie\u017e bez zranen\u00ed pasa\u017eierov a pos\u00e1dky.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ohrozen\u00edm pre vt\u00e1ctvo v\u0161ak nie s\u00fa len ve\u013ek\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1, ale aj oby\u010dajn\u00e9 drony.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e9me sa venoval magaz\u00edn The Spruce a uviedol nieko\u013eko pr\u00edkladov z praxe, kedy m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 drony pr\u00ed\u010dinou probl\u00e9mov pre vt\u00e1kov:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Naru\u0161enie hniezda<\/strong>: Ke\u010f drony lietaj\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 bl\u00edzko hniezdisk \u010di vt\u00e1\u010d\u00edch hniezd, hluk a vzh\u013ead m\u00f4\u017eu prin\u00fati\u0165 dospel\u00e9 vt\u00e1ky, aby hniezda opustili. To m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k zanedb\u00e1vaniu alebo opusteniu citliv\u00fdch vajec a pr\u00e1ve vyliahnut\u00fdch vt\u00e1kov, \u010do zni\u017euje mieru do\u017eitia citliv\u00fdch popul\u00e1ci\u00ed vt\u00e1kov do dospelosti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Provokuj\u00face \u00fatoky<\/strong>: Niektor\u00e9 vt\u00e1ky, najm\u00e4 dravce, s\u00fa ve\u013emi teritori\u00e1lne a zameran\u00e9 na svoje hniezda. Ak s\u00fa drony pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za hrozbu, m\u00f4\u017eu vt\u00e1ky napadn\u00fa\u0165. To odkl\u00e1\u0148a rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 vt\u00e1ky od starostlivosti o svoje vyliahnut\u00e9 ml\u00e1\u010fat\u00e1, h\u013eadania potravy alebo starostlivosti o svoje vlastn\u00e9 potreby. Vt\u00e1ky, ktor\u00e9 \u00fato\u010dia na drony, by sa tie\u017e mohli zrani\u0165 o \u010depele vrtule alebo in\u00e9 \u010dasti zariadenia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Odl\u00e1kanie z be\u017en\u00e9ho miesta v\u00fdskytu<\/strong>: Vt\u00e1ky, ktor\u00e9 sa zhroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00fa na vode a vo v\u00fdbehoch, m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 citliv\u00e9 na vyru\u0161ovanie. Ak sa im dron jav\u00ed ako lietaj\u00faci pred\u00e1tor, m\u00f4\u017eu sa prirodzene ob\u00e1va\u0165 zotrv\u00e1va\u0165 na takomto mieste a \u00fadajne m\u00f4\u017ee trva\u0165 cel\u00e9 gener\u00e1cie, k\u00fdm sa vt\u00e1ky na dan\u00e9 miesto vr\u00e1tia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Preru\u0161enie k\u0155menia<\/strong>: Ak dron vyru\u0161\u00ed vt\u00e1ka h\u013eadaj\u00faceho potravu pre seba \u010di mlad\u00e9, ten m\u00f4\u017ee opusti\u0165 dobr\u00fd zdroj potravy a by\u0165 n\u00faten\u00fd h\u013eada\u0165 menej bohat\u00e9 a v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9 zdroje. Tento typ naru\u0161enia m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 signifikantn\u00fd dopad na celkov\u00fa popul\u00e1ciu vt\u00e1kov, preto\u017ee podvy\u017eiven\u00e9 vt\u00e1ky sa nerozmno\u017euj\u00fa tak \u00faspe\u0161ne alebo nevychov\u00e1vaj\u00fa to\u013eko zdrav\u00fdch jedincov.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zr\u00e1\u017eky vo vzduchu<\/strong>: Je teoreticky i prakticky mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee dron\u00a0 nechtiac vlet\u00ed do k\u0155d\u013ea vt\u00e1kov a sp\u00f4sob\u00ed niektor\u00fdm jedincom \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 zranenia. Aj ke\u010f zatia\u013e neboli hl\u00e1sen\u00e9 \u017eiadne pr\u00edpady n\u00e1hodn\u00fdch zr\u00e1\u017eok vo vzduchu, zdroj sa zmie\u0148uje o zr\u00e1\u017ekach pri cielen\u00fdch \u00fatokoch vt\u00e1kov na drony. Pri t\u00fdchto stretoch m\u00f4\u017ee za krat\u0161\u00ed koniec \u0165aha\u0165 pr\u00e1ve zviera.<\/p>\n Drony sa stali dostupn\u00fdmi aj pre amat\u00e9rskych film\u00e1rov, \u010do im umo\u017enilo vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 kr\u00e1sne z\u00e1bery aj bez vrtu\u013en\u00edkov a filmov\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1bov\n<p>Na druhej strane magaz\u00edn The Spruce uv\u00e1dza aj sp\u00f4soby, ak\u00fdm m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 drony prospe\u0161n\u00e9. Napr\u00edklad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>monitorovanie stavu popul\u00e1cie a migrovania vt\u00e1ctva;<\/b><\/li>\n<li><strong>sledovanie pytliakov;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>monitorovanie oblast\u00ed, v ktor\u00fdch nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017ei\u0165 lietadl\u00e1, vrtu\u013en\u00edky;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>udr\u017eiavanie bezpe\u010dnosti na letisk\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f4vod, pre ktor\u00fd sa drony st\u00e1vaj\u00fa predmetom z\u00e1ujmu autor\u00edt a vy\u017eaduj\u00fa sa povolenia na ich pou\u017e\u00edvanie, spo\u010d\u00edva nielen v ochrane s\u00fakromia, ale aj v bezpe\u010dnosti pre zvierat\u00e1, vr\u00e1tane vt\u00e1kov. Drony sa uk\u00e1zali ako skvel\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez a s ich populariz\u00e1ciou sa aj do r\u00fak amat\u00e9rskych film\u00e1rov dostali n\u00e1stroje, na ktor\u00e9 by pred nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi rokmi bol potrebn\u00fd vrtu\u013en\u00edk, \u0161t\u00e1b a drah\u00e1 technika.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Drony vt\u00e1ctvu \u0161kodia, ale so spr\u00e1vnym vyu\u017eit\u00ed mu m\u00f4\u017eu, naopak, v\u00fdznamne pom\u00f4c\u0165.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6714"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6714\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}