{"id":6871,"date":"2021-04-26T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-04-25T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/depresia-ovplyvnuje-aj-zrak-experiment-odhalil-doteraz-netuseny-prejav-tejto-choroby\/"},"modified":"2021-04-26T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-04-25T23:00:00","slug":"depresia-ovplyvnuje-aj-zrak-experiment-odhalil-doteraz-netuseny-prejav-tejto-choroby","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/depresia-ovplyvnuje-aj-zrak-experiment-odhalil-doteraz-netuseny-prejav-tejto-choroby\/","title":{"rendered":"Depresia ovplyv\u0148uje aj zrak. Experiment odhalil doteraz netu\u0161en\u00fd prejav tejto choroby"},"content":{"rendered":"Zatia\u013e nem\u00f4\u017eeme tvrdi\u0165, \u017ee by depresia sp\u00f4sobovala v\u00e1\u017ene probl\u00e9my so zrakom. Ist\u00e9 je zatia\u013e iba to, \u017ee m\u00e1 vplyv na to, ako mozog spracov\u00e1va obraz.\n

Vedci z Helsinskej univerzity potvrdili v ned\u00e1vnej \u0161t\u00fadii publikovanej v \u010dasopise Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, \u017ee jedinci s depresiou sprac\u00favaj\u00fa vizu\u00e1lne inform\u00e1cie odli\u0161ne, pravdepodobne v d\u00f4sledku spracovania inform\u00e1ci\u00ed v mozgovej k\u00f4re.<\/p>\n

\u0160t\u00fadia vyu\u017eila dva vizu\u00e1lne testy, ktor\u00fdm podrobila kontroln\u00fa skupinu zdanlivo zdrav\u00fdch jedincov a druh\u00fa skupinu \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov s depresiou. Tieto testy sl\u00fa\u017eili na porovnanie spracovania vizu\u00e1lnych inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, pri\u010dom sa hodnotilo takzvan\u00e9 retin\u00e1lne<\/strong> and kortik\u00e1lne spracovanie<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Prv\u00fd test spo\u010d\u00edval vo vystavovan\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov jasu, ktor\u00fd hodnotil reakcie sietnice. \u00da\u010dastn\u00edci porovn\u00e1vali vn\u00edman\u00fa svietivos\u0165 uniformn\u00fdch \u0161kv\u0155n, ktor\u00e9 boli prezentovan\u00e9 na obrazovke po\u010d\u00edta\u010da.<\/p>\n

Test \u010d\u00edslo dva bol testom potla\u010denia kontrastu, mal za cie\u013e hodnoti\u0165 kortik\u00e1lne spracovanie, v ktorom \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci porovn\u00e1vali vn\u00edman\u00fd kontrast mrie\u017eok. Tie boli prezentovan\u00e9 s koline\u00e1rne alebo ortogon\u00e1lne orientovan\u00fdm pozad\u00edm. Ak tomu nerozumiete, vedzte, \u017ee je to probl\u00e9m asi v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny \u013eud\u00ed – v skratke n\u00e1m sta\u010d\u00ed vedie\u0165, \u017ee \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkom na obrazovke po\u010d\u00edta\u010da vedci ukazovali r\u00f4zne grafiky.<\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dastn\u00edci s depresiou<\/strong> vn\u00edmali vizu\u00e1lnu il\u00faziu prezentovan\u00fa vo vzork\u00e1ch ako slab\u0161iu a kontrast ako mierne silnej\u0161\u00ed ako v kontrolnej skupine.<\/p>\n

\u201ePrekvapen\u00edm bolo, \u017ee pacienti s depresiou vn\u00edmali kontrast zobrazen\u00fdch obr\u00e1zkov inak ako jedinci bez depresie,\u201c uviedol v\u00fdskumn\u00fd pracovn\u00edk f\u00ednskej univerzity Viljami Salmela, PhD.<\/strong> \u201eKontrast bol potla\u010den\u00fd zhruba o 20% u os\u00f4b bez depresie, zatia\u013e \u010do zodpovedaj\u00faci \u00fadaj pre pacientov s depresiou bol zhruba 5%.“ (2)<\/p>\n

Autori \u0161t\u00fadie dospeli k z\u00e1veru, \u017ee zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 supresia kontrastu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fdm retin\u00e1lnym dopredn\u00fdm alebo kortik\u00e1lnym sp\u00e4tn\u00fdm sign\u00e1lom. Prelo\u017een\u00e9 do \u013eudskej re\u010di, jedinci s depresiou maj\u00fa aj tak\u00e9 somatick\u00e9 prejavy, ktor\u00e9 priamo ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa na\u0161u schopnos\u0165 vidie\u0165. Nemus\u00ed sa pritom jedna\u0165 priamo o po\u0161kodenia zraku samotn\u00e9ho, probl\u00e9mom m\u00e1 by\u0165 to, ako je obraz spracov\u00e1van\u00fd mozgom<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u201ePreto\u017ee sme pozorovali intaktn\u00fa indukciu jasu, na\u0161e v\u00fdsledky nazna\u010duj\u00fa norm\u00e1lne retin\u00e1lne, ale zmenen\u00e9 kortik\u00e1lne spracovanie vizu\u00e1lneho kontrastu po\u010das ve\u013ekej depres\u00edvnej epiz\u00f3dy. T\u00e1to zmena bude pravdepodobne pr\u00edtomn\u00e1 pri viacer\u00fdch druhoch depresie a \u010diasto\u010dne sa normalizuje po remisii, \u201cuviedli autori. (1)<\/p>\n

Vedci sa domnievaj\u00fa, \u017ee tieto zistenia si vy\u017eaduj\u00fa \u010fal\u0161ie \u0161t\u00fadium, aby sa lep\u0161ie pochopilo, ako je mozog zmenen\u00fd depresiou.<\/p>\n

\u201eBolo by u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e9 zhodnoti\u0165 a \u010falej rozv\u00edja\u0165 pou\u017eite\u013enos\u0165 testov vn\u00edmania ako v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch met\u00f3d aj ako potenci\u00e1lne sp\u00f4soby identifik\u00e1cie por\u00fach spracovania inform\u00e1ci\u00ed u pacientov,“ uviedol Salmela. \u201eDepresiu v\u0161ak nemo\u017eno identifikova\u0165 testovan\u00edm vizu\u00e1lneho vn\u00edmania, preto\u017ee pozorovan\u00e9 rozdiely s\u00fa mal\u00e9 a prejavuj\u00fa sa konkr\u00e9tne pri porovnan\u00ed skup\u00edn<\/strong>.“ (2)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Je evidentn\u00e9, \u017ee depresia m\u00e1 nepriazniv\u00fd vplyv na telo ako tak\u00e9. \u013dudia v depresii maj\u00fa \u010dastokr\u00e1t bolesti svalov a k\u013abov, c\u00edtia sa vy\u010derpan\u00ed, \u010dasto neschopn\u00ed vst\u00e1va\u0165 r\u00e1no z postele. \u017de by v\u0161ak depresia priamo postihovala aj t\u00fa \u010das\u0165 mozgu, ktor\u00e1 je zodpovedn\u00e1 za spracov\u00e1vanie vn\u00edman\u00e9ho obrazu, sa m\u00e1 za nie\u010do nov\u00e9.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Referencie:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
\n

1. Salmela V, Socada L, S\u00f6derholm J, et al. Reduced visual contrast suppression during major depressive episodes.\u00a0J Psychiatry Neurosci<\/em>. 2021;46(2):E222-E231.<\/p>\n

2. University of Helsinki. Depression affects visual perception. News release. March 29, 2021.\u00a0https:\/\/www.newswise.com\/articles\/depression-affects-visual-perception?sc=dwhr&xy=5013482<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vedci z Helsinskej univerzity potvrdili v ned\u00e1vnej \u0161t\u00fadii publikovanej v \u010dasopise Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, \u017ee jedinci s depresiou sprac\u00favaj\u00fa vizu\u00e1lne inform\u00e1cie odli\u0161ne, pravdepodobne<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6871","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6871","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6871"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6871\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6871"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6871"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6871"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}