{"id":6874,"date":"2021-05-21T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-20T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/preco-je-umenie-tak-drahe-a-kto-urcuje-jeho-cenu\/"},"modified":"2021-05-21T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-05-20T23:00:00","slug":"preco-je-umenie-tak-drahe-a-kto-urcuje-jeho-cenu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/preco-je-umenie-tak-drahe-a-kto-urcuje-jeho-cenu\/","title":{"rendered":"Pre\u010do je umenie tak drah\u00e9 a kto ur\u010duje jeho cenu?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Umenie m\u00e1 ve\u013ea spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1ve s vn\u00edman\u00edm a perspekt\u00edvou. Nem\u00e1 pravidl\u00e1, nediktuje ako m\u00e1 vyzera\u0165, ale s\u00fa\u010dasne je to miliardov\u00e9 odvetvie. Ako sa teda ur\u010duje jeho hodnota?<\/p>\n Umenie v pop art hoteli Toncancip\u00e1\n<h3>Pre\u010do je tak drah\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>V skuto\u010dnosti v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina umenia nie je tak drah\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Nieko\u013eko \u017eij\u00facich umelcov je bohat\u00fdch a sl\u00e1vnych, ale v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina nie je a nikdy nebude. Aby umelec prenikol na trh mus\u00ed sa zozn\u00e1mi\u0165 so <strong>spr\u00e1vnymi \u013eu\u010fmi<\/strong> &#8211; hlavne s t\u00fdmi, ktor\u00ed u\u017e maj\u00fa v tomto priemysle sk\u00fasenosti. Umelci, ktor\u00ed vynikn\u00fa svojimi dielami lok\u00e1lne ich m\u00f4\u017eu vystavova\u0165 na <strong>skupinov\u00fdch v\u00fdstav\u00e1ch<\/strong>, a ak sa tam ujm\u00fa, v najlep\u0161om pr\u00edpade sa m\u00f4\u017eu posun\u00fa\u0165 aj na s\u00f3lo exhib\u00edcie.<\/p>\n<p>Hodnota umenia je <strong>ur\u010den\u00e1 be\u017en\u00fdm \u010dlovekom<\/strong>, ako sme my. Pre niekoho m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 obraz hodnotu mili\u00f3nov eur a pre niekoho in\u00e9ho to m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 <strong>bezv\u00fdznamn\u00e9 dielo<\/strong>. Nedarmo sa hovor\u00ed, sto \u013eud\u00ed sto chut\u00ed. Ak sa v\u00e1m <strong>p\u00e1\u010di<\/strong> nejak\u00e9 dielo, stane sa pre v\u00e1s d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm, ale ak nie, tak sa o neho jednoducho nezauj\u00edmate.<\/p>\n<p>Ale takto by sme sa na umenie nemali pozera\u0165. Pokia\u013e si nepl\u00e1nujete k\u00fapi\u0165 umeleck\u00e9 dielo v danom \u010dase, nikdy by ste nemali vidie\u0165 <strong>jeho hodnotu<\/strong> iba z poh\u013eadu toho, ko\u013eko na \u0148om zarob\u00edte. Umenie si treba v\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 a obdivova\u0165 ho. Trhov\u00e1 hodnota umeleck\u00e9ho diela sa <strong>neust\u00e1le men\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Hodnota nie\u010doho nakoniec bude len tak\u00e1, ak\u00fa s\u00fa \u013eudia ochotn\u00ed zaplati\u0165. A zast\u00e1vam ten n\u00e1zor, \u017ee <strong>hodnota umenia by sa nemala sp\u00e1ja\u0165<\/strong> iba s peniazmi. Umenie je vlastne odraz umelcov a ich pocitov a poh\u013eadu na svet. Peniaze s\u00fa pre nich pr\u00e1ve t\u00fdm <strong>men\u0161\u00edm aspektom<\/strong>. Ke\u010f\u017ee svojim dielom pr\u00e1ve\u017ee <strong>rozpr\u00e1vaj\u00fa svoj pr\u00edbeh<\/strong> prostredn\u00edctvom umenia, pre nich spo\u010d\u00edva hodnota v tom, \u017ee ko\u013eko \u013eud\u00ed sa s jeho obrazom dok\u00e1zalo emo\u010dne naviaza\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Art <strong>nie je o kr\u00e1se<\/strong>, a ani nikdy nebolo. Pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho znamen\u00e1 nie\u010do in\u00e9, ale jeho sila spo\u010d\u00edva v<strong> jedine\u010dnosti<\/strong>, v\u00e1\u0161ni a schopnosti odovzda\u0165 <strong>intenz\u00edvne em\u00f3cie<\/strong>. Pre niekoho je kus umenia kr\u00e1sny a pre niekoho in\u00e9ho zase hl\u00fapy. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed iba na v\u00e1s, \u010di v\u00e1s dielo zaujalo alebo nie.<\/p>\n<p>Umelci \u010dasto \u017eij\u00fa\u00a0 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm \u017eivotom a ur\u010dite to nie je prech\u00e1dzka ru\u017eovou z\u00e1hradou. Koniec koncom, hodnota a plat umelca <strong>z\u00e1vis\u00ed<\/strong> na tom, ko\u013eko s\u00fa <strong>ochotn\u00ed ostatn\u00ed zaplati\u0165<\/strong> na konci d\u0148a za dan\u00e9 umenie.<\/p>\n David Choe, \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd umelec\n<h3>Kto kupuje umenie?<\/h3>\n<p>375 mil. eur je hodnota obrazu &#8222;<strong>Salvator Mundi<\/strong>&#8220; od Leonarda da Vinciho. Obraz, ktor\u00fd sa predal v roku 2016, nastavil rekordn\u00fa \u010diastku za ktor\u00fa sa kedyko\u013evek v hist\u00f3rii predalo umenie. Ako m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165 1 obraz viac pe\u0148az\u00ed, ako v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina kedyko\u013evek <strong>uvid\u00ed vo svojom \u017eivote<\/strong>? Pre \u010dloveka, ktor\u00fd v \u0148om vid\u00ed hodnotu, a m\u00e1 dostatok pe\u0148az\u00ed, nem\u00e1 probl\u00e9m za tak\u00fdto k\u00fasok vystavi\u0165 <strong>obrovsk\u00e9 sumy pe\u0148az\u00ed<\/strong>. Preto v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina umenia ide priamo do r\u00fak bohat\u00fdm.<\/p>\n<p>Umenie nie je iba &#8222;<strong>luxusn\u00e1 zbierka<\/strong>&#8222;; je to aj invest\u00edcia, alebo aspo\u0148 sa \u0148ou m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165. Ak investori investuj\u00fa s rozumom, tak diela, ktor\u00e9 k\u00fapia, m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 nesk\u00f4r ove\u013ea v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu hodnotu. Najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edm pr\u00edkladom zberate\u013ea \/ investora umenia je <strong>Robert Scull.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bol taxik\u00e1r,, ktor\u00fd v roku 1973 vydra\u017eil k\u00fasky zo svojej rozsiahlej zbierky, z ktor\u00fdch sa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina predala mnohokr\u00e1t za to, za \u010do ich k\u00fapila spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Scull. Jeden obraz od <strong>Roberta Rauschenberga<\/strong> st\u00e1l p\u00f4vodne spolo\u010dnosti Scull <strong>741 eur<\/strong> v roku 1958. Predal sa nakoniec za <strong>70000 eur<\/strong>, \u010do je skoro 10-tis\u00edc n\u00e1sobn\u00e9 nav\u00fd\u0161enie z p\u00f4vodnej hodnoty.<\/p>\n<p>Ak m\u00e1m spomen\u00fa\u0165 &#8222;ned\u00e1vnu&#8220; finan\u010dn\u00fa kr\u00edzu, nie, t\u00fdm mysl\u00edm e\u0161te<strong> kr\u00edzu<\/strong> z roku 2008, tak pr\u00e1ve t\u00e1 bola pr\u00ednosom pre bohat\u00fdch zberate\u013eov, ktor\u00ed sk\u00fapili diela ktor\u00e9 boli v dra\u017ebe. Existuje pr\u00edbeh o <strong>be\u017enej rodine<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 do svojej zbierky v roku 2009 sk\u00fapila takmer<strong> 50 diel<\/strong>, a dnes ich zbierka m\u00e1 hodnotu viac ako 1 miliardy dol\u00e1rov.<\/p>\n<p>Ako? Jednoducho po\u010das kr\u00edzy nak\u00fapili tieto diela ktor\u00e9 potom z\u00edskali na cene. To je be\u017en\u00e1 uk\u00e1\u017eka toho, \u017ee kto je v \u010dase ekonomickej kr\u00edzy kupuj\u00facim, sa mu jednoducho \u0161\u0165astena vr\u00e1ti. Tieto pr\u00edle\u017eitosti by sa nikdy neuk\u00e1zali bez za\u010diatku finan\u010dnej kr\u00edzy.<\/p>\n<p>Umelci nemusia ma\u0165 ale nevyhnutne \u00fa\u017eitok z toho, ke\u010f sa ich umenie pred\u00e1va v aukcii &#8211; aspo\u0148 nie finan\u010dne. Jeden z najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edch umelcov sveta &#8211; <strong>Jeff Koons<\/strong>, neuvidel \u017eiadne peniaze z rekordn\u00e9ho predaja jednej zo svojich s\u00f4ch na aukcii. Tieto sa v kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku predali a\u017e za 66 mili\u00f3nov eur, ale pod\u013ea odhadov bola <strong>kone\u010dn\u00e1 hodnota<\/strong> a\u017e <strong>75 mili\u00f3nov eur<\/strong>. \u0160ialen\u00e9, \u010do poviete?<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Umenie m\u00e1 ve\u013ea spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho pr\u00e1ve s vn\u00edman\u00edm a perspekt\u00edvou. Nem\u00e1 pravidl\u00e1, nediktuje ako m\u00e1 vyzera\u0165, ale s\u00fa\u010dasne je to miliardov\u00e9 odvetvie. Ako sa teda ur\u010duje<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6874","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6874","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6874"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6874\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6874"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6874"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}