Blockchain<\/strong> sa m\u00f4\u017ee zda\u0165 ako komplikovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m, ale jeho koncept je v skuto\u010dnosti ve\u013emi jednoduch\u00fd. Blockchain je vlastne typ datab\u00e1zy<\/strong>. Aby ste tomu bli\u017e\u0161ie porozumeli, p\u00f4jdeme postupne a vysvetl\u00edme si, \u010do to v skuto\u010dnosti datab\u00e1za v tomto pr\u00edklade je.<\/p>\n Datab\u00e1za je s\u00fabor inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa elektronicky ulo\u017een\u00e9 v po\u010d\u00edta\u010dovom syst\u00e9me. Inform\u00e1cie alebo \u00fadaje v datab\u00e1zach s\u00fa zvy\u010dajne \u0161trukt\u00farovan\u00e9 vo form\u00e1te tabu\u013eky<\/strong>, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje jednoduch\u0161ie vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie a filtrovanie konkr\u00e9tnych inform\u00e1ci\u00ed. Ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi t\u00fdm, kto na ukladanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edva tabu\u013eku a nie datab\u00e1zu?<\/p>\n Tabu\u013eky s\u00fa ur\u010den\u00e9 pre jednu osobu alebo mal\u00fa skupinu \u013eud\u00ed na ukladanie a pr\u00edstup k obmedzen\u00e9mu mno\u017estvu inform\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/strong>. Na rozdiel od toho je datab\u00e1za navrhnut\u00e1 tak, aby obsahovala podstatne v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie mno\u017estvo inform\u00e1ci\u00ed. K t\u00fdmto inform\u00e1ci\u00e1m m\u00e1 tak r\u00fdchly a \u013eahk\u00fd pr\u00edstup. Takto ju m\u00f4\u017ee upravova\u0165 viacero pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov<\/strong> naraz.<\/p>\n Ve\u013ek\u00e9 datab\u00e1zy to dok\u00e1\u017eu ulo\u017een\u00edm \u00fadajov na serveroch, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa vytvoren\u00e9 z v\u00fdkonn\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov. Tieto servery mo\u017eno niekedy postavi\u0165 na stovk\u00e1ch alebo tis\u00edcoch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov<\/strong>, aby mali dostato\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fd v\u00fdkon<\/strong> a \u00falo\u017en\u00fa kapacitu potrebn\u00fa na to, aby malo viacero pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov pr\u00edstup do datab\u00e1zy s\u00fa\u010dasne.<\/p>\n Zdroj: IntelliPaat.com\n Aj ke\u010f tabu\u013eky alebo datab\u00e1zy m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pr\u00edstupn\u00e9 pre \u013eubovo\u013en\u00fd po\u010det \u013eud\u00ed, \u010dasto ich vlastn\u00ed firma a spravuje ich menovan\u00e1 osoba, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 \u00fapln\u00fa kontrolu nad jej fungovan\u00edm a nad jej \u00fadajmi. \u010co je to teda Blockchain<\/strong> a ako sa odli\u0161uje od datab\u00e1zy<\/strong>?<\/p>\n Jedn\u00fdm z k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch rozdielov medzi typickou datab\u00e1zou a blockchainom je sp\u00f4sob, ak\u00fdm s\u00fa d\u00e1ta \u0161trukt\u00farovan\u00e9<\/strong>. Blockchain zhroma\u017e\u010fuje inform\u00e1cie spolo\u010dne v skupin\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa tie\u017e zn\u00e1me ako bloky. Tie obsahuj\u00fa s\u00fabory inform\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/strong>. Bloky maj\u00fa ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u00falo\u017en\u00e9 kapacity<\/strong> a po naplnen\u00ed sa re\u0165azou prip\u00e1jaj\u00fa k predt\u00fdm naplnen\u00e9mu bloku a vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa re\u0165azec d\u00e1t<\/strong> zn\u00e1my ako \u201eblockchain\u201c.<\/p>\n V\u0161etky nov\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 nasleduj\u00fa po tom, s\u00fa \u010derstvo pridan\u00e9. Takto pridan\u00fd blok sa spoj\u00ed do novo vytvoren\u00e9ho bloku, ktor\u00fd sa potom po naplnen\u00ed prid\u00e1 do re\u0165azca<\/strong>. Datab\u00e1za \u0161trukt\u00faruje svoje \u00fadaje do tabuliek, zatia\u013e \u010do blockchain, ako u\u017e z n\u00e1zvu vypl\u00fdva, \u0161trukt\u00faruje svoje \u00fadaje do blokov<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa navz\u00e1jom spojen\u00e9.<\/p>\n V\u010faka tomu s\u00fa v\u0161etky blockchainy datab\u00e1zami<\/strong>, ale nie v\u0161etky datab\u00e1zy s\u00fa blockchainami<\/strong>. Tento syst\u00e9m tie\u017e neodmyslite\u013ene vytv\u00e1ra nezvratn\u00fd \u010dasov\u00fd harmonogram \u00fadajov, ak s\u00fa implementovan\u00e9 v decentralizovanej podobe. Ke\u010f je blok naplnen\u00fd, je pridan\u00fd na \u010dasovej osi<\/strong>. Ka\u017ed\u00fd blok v re\u0165azci m\u00e1 po pridan\u00ed do re\u0165azca presn\u00fa \u010dasov\u00fa zna\u010dku.<\/p>\n Na porozumenie blockchainu je vhod pozera\u0165 sa na neho v kontexte toho, ako ho implementovala kryptomena Bitcoin. Rovnako ako datab\u00e1za, aj Bitcoin potrebuje na ukladanie blockchainu po\u010d\u00edta\u010de<\/strong>. Pre Bitcoiny je tento Blockchain iba \u0161pecifick\u00fdm typom datab\u00e1zy, ktor\u00e1 uchov\u00e1va v\u0161etky Bitcoinov\u00e9 transakcie, ktor\u00e9 sa kedy uskuto\u010dnili.<\/p>\n V pr\u00edpade Bitcoinu nie s\u00fa tieto po\u010d\u00edta\u010de<\/strong> na rozdiel od v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny datab\u00e1z v\u0161etky pod jednou „strechou“ a ka\u017ed\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d alebo skupina po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov je prev\u00e1dzkovan\u00e1 jednotlivcom alebo skupinou. Predstavte si, \u017ee spolo\u010dnos\u0165 vlastni server zlo\u017een\u00fd z 10 000 po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov a datab\u00e1zou, ktor\u00e1 obsahuje v\u0161etky inform\u00e1cie o \u00fa\u010dte jej klienta<\/strong>. T\u00e1to spolo\u010dnos\u0165 m\u00e1 sklad, ktor\u00fd obsahuje v\u0161etky tieto po\u010d\u00edta\u010de<\/strong>.<\/p>\n M\u00e1 tak pln\u00fa kontrolu nad ka\u017ed\u00fdm z t\u00fdchto po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov a so v\u0161etk\u00fdmi ich inform\u00e1ciami. Podobne Bitcoiny pozost\u00e1vaj\u00fa z tis\u00edcov po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov, ale ka\u017ed\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 svoj blockchain<\/strong>, sa nach\u00e1dza v inej geografickej polohe a je sprev\u00e1dzan\u00fd samotn\u00fdmi jednotlivcami alebo skupinami \u013eud\u00ed. Tieto po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, ktor\u00e9 tvoria sie\u0165 Bitcoinov<\/strong>, sa naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa uzly.<\/p>\n V tomto modeli sa blockchain Bitcoinu<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edva decentralizovan\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom. S\u00fakromn\u00e9 centralizovan\u00e9 blockchainy, kde po\u010d\u00edta\u010de<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 tvoria jej sie\u0165 a s\u00fa vlastnen\u00e9 jednou entitou, v\u0161ak existuj\u00fa. V blockchaine<\/strong> m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd uzol pln\u00fd zoznam d\u00e1t, ktor\u00e9 boli ulo\u017een\u00e9 v blockchaine od jeho vzniku<\/strong>. V pr\u00edpade Bitcoinu s\u00fa \u00fadajmi cel\u00e1 hist\u00f3ria v\u0161etk\u00fdch Bitcoinov\u00fdch transakci\u00ed.<\/p>\n Ak m\u00e1 jeden uzol chybu v d\u00e1tach, m\u00f4\u017ee na opravu pou\u017ei\u0165 tis\u00edce \u010fal\u0161\u00edch uzlov ako referen\u010dn\u00fd bod. T\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom nem\u00f4\u017ee \u017eiadny uzol v sieti<\/strong> meni\u0165 inform\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v nej obsiahnut\u00e9. Ak u\u017e\u00edvate\u013e naraz\u00ed na Bitcoinov\u00fd z\u00e1znam<\/strong> transakci\u00ed, v\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 uzly<\/strong> by sa navz\u00e1jom kr\u00ed\u017eili a \u013eahko by ur\u010dili uzol<\/strong> s nespr\u00e1vnymi inform\u00e1ciami. Tento syst\u00e9m pom\u00e1ha stanovi\u0165 presn\u00e9 a transparentn\u00e9 poradie udalost\u00ed.<\/p>\n Pre Bitcoin s\u00fa tieto inform\u00e1cie zoznamom transakci\u00ed,<\/strong> ale je tie\u017e mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee blockchain obsahuje aj inform\u00e1cie ako s\u00fa napr\u00edklad pr\u00e1vne zmluvy, \u0161t\u00e1tne identifik\u00e1cie alebo invent\u00e1r produktov spolo\u010dnost\u00ed. Blockchain si u\u017e vybudoval uznanie a to nemalou mierou kv\u00f4li Bitcoinom a kryptomen\u00e1m<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Povedal by som \u017ee rast blockchainu m\u00f4\u017ee ur\u010dite \u010fakova\u0165 hlavne t\u00fdmto dvom „\u0165aha\u010dom“ a som zvedav\u00fd do bud\u00facna, ako sa t\u00e1to technol\u00f3gia bude rozv\u00edja\u0165 \u010falej. Napr\u00edklad Cardano (ADA) <\/strong>u\u017e spolupracuje aj s Eti\u00f3pskou vl\u00e1dou, a s kryptomenami takto za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa spolupracova\u0165 u\u017e aj \u0161t\u00e1tne in\u0161tit\u00facie.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u010co je to Blockchain Blockchain sa m\u00f4\u017ee zda\u0165 ako komplikovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m, ale jeho koncept je v skuto\u010dnosti ve\u013emi jednoduch\u00fd. Blockchain je vlastne typ datab\u00e1zy. Aby<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6886","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6886","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6886"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6886\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6886"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6886"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6886"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Datab\u00e1za a tabu\u013eky<\/h3>\n
Blockchain a datab\u00e1za – rozdiel<\/h3>\n
Decentraliz\u00e1cia<\/h3>\n
D\u00e1ta<\/h3>\n