{"id":6894,"date":"2021-06-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-06-10T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/vedci-demonstruju-prvu-recyklovatelnu-tlacenu-elektroniku\/"},"modified":"2021-06-11T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-06-10T23:00:00","slug":"vedci-demonstruju-prvu-recyklovatelnu-tlacenu-elektroniku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/vedci-demonstruju-prvu-recyklovatelnu-tlacenu-elektroniku\/","title":{"rendered":"Vedci demon\u0161truj\u00fa prv\u00fa recyklovate\u013en\u00fa tla\u010den\u00fa elektroniku"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Vedci d\u00fafaj\u00fa, \u017ee demon\u0161tr\u00e1ciou pomocou zlo\u017eit\u00e9ho komponentu &#8211; <strong>tranzistora<\/strong> &#8211; vytvoren\u00e9ho pomocou troch atramentov na b\u00e1ze uhl\u00edka, in\u0161piruj\u00fa nov\u00fa gener\u00e1ciu recyklovate\u013enej elektroniky, ktor\u00e1 pom\u00f4\u017ee v boji proti rast\u00facej glob\u00e1lnej epid\u00e9mii elektronick\u00e9ho odpadu.<\/p>\n 3d uk\u00e1\u017eka tranzistora zdroj: Duke Univerzita\n<p>Cel\u00fd report bol vydan\u00fd online 26. apr\u00edla v \u010dasopise Nature Electronics. \u201e<strong>Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 komponenty na b\u00e1ze krem\u00edka<\/strong> pravdepodobne nikdy nezmizn\u00fa a neo\u010dak\u00e1vame, \u017ee \u013eahko recyklovate\u013en\u00e1 elektronika, ako je t\u00e1 na\u0161a, nahrad\u00ed technol\u00f3giu a zariadenia, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa u\u017e be\u017ene pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9,\u201c uviedol <strong>Aaron Franklin, profesor elektrotechniky<\/strong> a po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho in\u017einierstva na Duke University.<\/p>\n<h3>Recyklovate\u013en\u00e1 elektronika<\/h3>\n<p>\u201eD\u00fafame v\u0161ak, \u017ee vytvoren\u00edm novej, plne recyklovate\u013enej a \u013eahko <strong>tla\u010dite\u013enej elektroniky<\/strong> a uk\u00e1\u017ekou toho, \u010do dok\u00e1\u017eu, sa m\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 v bud\u00facnosti v\u0161ade.\u201c \u010c\u00edm viac \u013eud\u00ed si osvoj\u00ed elektroniku v celom svete, t\u00fdm viac neust\u00e1le rastie hromada star\u00fdch, <strong>vyraden\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 u\u017e nefunguj\u00fa alebo boli vyhoden\u00e9 v prospech nov\u0161ieho modelu.<\/p>\n<p>Pod\u013ea odhadov OSN sa ro\u010dne recykluje menej ako \u0161tvrtina z mili\u00f3na eur vyhodenej elektroniky. Probl\u00e9m by sa mal len zhor\u0161ova\u0165, preto\u017ee svet prech\u00e1dza na <strong>5G zariadenia<\/strong> &#8211; \u010do znamen\u00e1 prechod aj zo star\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed na nov\u00e9. S\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou probl\u00e9mu je, \u017ee elektronick\u00e9 zariadenia sa \u0165a\u017eko recykluj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<p>Ve\u013ek\u00e9 z\u00e1vody zamestn\u00e1vaj\u00fa stovky pracovn\u00edkov, a pln\u00e1 automatiz\u00e1cia je e\u0161te \u010faleko. Zatia\u013e \u010do zvy\u0161ky medi, hlin\u00edka a ocele je mo\u017en\u00e9 recyklova\u0165, krem\u00edkov\u00e9 \u010dipy v zariadeniach st\u00e1le \u013eudstvo nevie recyklova\u0165 efekt\u00edvne. <strong>Celul\u00f3za<\/strong> sa tla\u010d\u00ed na \u010fal\u0161ie komponenty na b\u00e1ze uhl\u00edka, aby sa vytvoril prv\u00fd plne recyklovate\u013en\u00fd tla\u010den\u00fd tranzistor.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Vedci testuj\u00fa biosenzor zdroj: Duke Univerzita\n<p>Vedci d\u00fafaj\u00fa, \u017ee sa nimi in\u0161piruje nov\u00e1 gener\u00e1cia <strong>recyklovate\u013enej elektroniky<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 pom\u00f4\u017ee v boji proti rast\u00facej glob\u00e1lnej epid\u00e9mii elektronick\u00e9ho odpadu. V novej \u0161t\u00fadii demon\u0161trovali \u00faplne recyklovate\u013en\u00fd, plne funk\u010dn\u00fd tranzistor vyroben\u00fd na b\u00e1ze uhl\u00edka, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u013eahko potla\u010di\u0165 na papier alebo in\u00e9 <strong>pru\u017enej\u0161ie materi\u00e1ly<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa \u0161etrn\u00e9 vo\u010di \u017eivotn\u00e9mu prostrediu.<\/p>\n<h3>Vedci vysvet\u013euj\u00fa, ako funguje<\/h3>\n<p>Pre polovodi\u010de sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 nanotrubice a atramenty pre graf\u00e9n. Aj ke\u010f tieto materi\u00e1ly nie s\u00fa pre svet tla\u010denej elektroniky nov\u00e9,\u00a0 cesta k <strong>recyklovate\u013enosti<\/strong> sa otvorila v\u00fdvojom izola\u010dn\u00e9ho atramentu z dreva naz\u00fdvan\u00e9ho nanocelul\u00f3za. \u201e<strong>Nanocelul\u00f3za<\/strong> je biologicky odb\u00farate\u013en\u00e1 a roky sa pou\u017e\u00edva v aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, ako je balenie,\u201c uviedol Franklin, jeden z vedcov v\u00fdskumu.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eHoci \u013eudia u\u017e d\u00e1vno vedia o jeho<strong> potenci\u00e1lnych aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch ako izolantu v elektronike<\/strong>, nikto zatia\u013e nepri\u0161iel na to, ako ho pou\u017ei\u0165 v tla\u010denej podobe. To je jeden z k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov k dosiahnutiu efekt\u00edvnosti pri <strong>recyklovate\u013en\u00fdch zariadeniach<\/strong>.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Vedci vyvinuli met\u00f3du <strong>nanocelul\u00f3zy, ktor\u00e1 sa extrahovala z dreven\u00fdch vl\u00e1kien<\/strong>, a ktor\u00e9 &#8211; posypan\u00edm trochou kuchynskej soli &#8211; poskytn\u00fa atrament, ktor\u00fd v ich tla\u010den\u00fdch tranzistoroch funguje ako izolant. Pou\u017eit\u00edm troch atramentov v aeros\u00f3lovej tla\u010diarni pri izbovej teplote.<\/p>\n<h3>Tranzistory<\/h3>\n<p>T\u00fdm uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee ich tranzistory funguj\u00fa dostato\u010dne dobre na pou\u017eitie v r\u00f4znych podmienkach, dokonca aj \u0161es\u0165 mesiacov po prvej tla\u010di. <strong>Uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 nanor\u00farky<\/strong> a graf\u00e9n sa z\u00edskavaj\u00fa z v\u00fdsledn\u00e9ho roztoku s priemern\u00fdm v\u00fd\u0165a\u017ekom takmer 100%. Oba materi\u00e1ly potom mo\u017eno op\u00e4tovne pou\u017ei\u0165 v rovnakom tla\u010dovom procese, pri\u010dom sa len ve\u013emi m\u00e1lo strat\u00ed <strong>\u017eivotaschopnos\u0165<\/strong> ich v\u00fdkonu.<\/p>\n Uk\u00e1\u017eka tranzistora zdroj: medium.com\n<p>Preto\u017ee je <strong>nanocelul\u00f3za<\/strong> vyroben\u00e1 z dreva, je mo\u017en\u00e9 ju jednoducho recyklova\u0165 spolu s papierom, na ktor\u00fd bola vytla\u010den\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Vedci taktie\u017e testuj\u00fa <strong>biosenzor<\/strong> vyroben\u00fd z plne recyklovate\u013enej tla\u010denej elektroniky. Tento proces recykl\u00e1cie pou\u017eije takmer 100% materi\u00e1lov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa takmer ako nov\u00e9. V porovnan\u00ed s rezistorom alebo <strong>kondenz\u00e1torom<\/strong> je tranzistor pomerne zlo\u017eit\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdm komponentom. Pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd je v zariadeniach, ako s\u00fa riadenie v\u00fdkonu alebo logick\u00e9 obvody a sn\u00edma\u010de.<\/p>\n<p>Franklin vysvet\u013euje, \u017ee demon\u0161trovan\u00edm plne recyklovate\u013en\u00e9ho tla\u010den\u00e9ho tranzistora d\u00fafa, \u017ee urobil prv\u00fd krok k zavedeniu tejto technol\u00f3gie aj na jednoduch\u0161ie zariadenia. Vie si predstavi\u0165, \u017ee <strong>technol\u00f3gia,<\/strong> ktor\u00e1 sa pou\u017e\u00edva vo ve\u013ek\u00fdch budov\u00e1ch, potrebuje tis\u00edce<strong> environment\u00e1lnych senzorov<\/strong>. \u010ci u\u017e na monitorovanie spotreby energie, alebo na prisp\u00f4sobenie biosenzorov na sledovanie stavu.<\/p>\n<p>Osobne si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee <strong>recyklovate\u013en\u00e1 elektrika<\/strong>, ako je t\u00e1to, e\u0161te ur\u010dite nenahrad\u00ed cel\u00e9 odvetvie. Je super, \u017ee sa na\u0161a spolo\u010dnos\u0165 pos\u00fava t\u00fdmto smerom. Aj pod\u013ea Franklina, ved\u00faceho tohto v\u00fdskumu, d\u00fafa, \u017ee sa stane aspo\u0148 odrazov\u00fdm most\u00edkom a spr\u00e1vnym smerom pre nov\u00fa e<strong>tapu elektroniky<\/strong>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vedci d\u00fafaj\u00fa, \u017ee demon\u0161tr\u00e1ciou pomocou zlo\u017eit\u00e9ho komponentu &#8211; tranzistora &#8211; vytvoren\u00e9ho pomocou troch atramentov na b\u00e1ze uhl\u00edka, in\u0161piruj\u00fa nov\u00fa gener\u00e1ciu recyklovate\u013enej elektroniky, ktor\u00e1 pom\u00f4\u017ee v<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6894"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6894\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}