{"id":6910,"date":"2021-07-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-13T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/kalorie-dnu-kalorie-von-ako-velmi-na-nich-zalezi\/"},"modified":"2021-07-14T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-07-13T23:00:00","slug":"kalorie-dnu-kalorie-von-ako-velmi-na-nich-zalezi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/kalorie-dnu-kalorie-von-ako-velmi-na-nich-zalezi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kal\u00f3rie dnu, kal\u00f3rie von – ako ve\u013emi na nich z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kalorick\u00e9 hodnoty s\u00fa v\u0161ade okolo n\u00e1s. \u010ci u\u017e na jed\u00e1lnych l\u00edstkoch re\u0161taur\u00e1ci\u00ed, \u0161katuliach od mliekach alebo aj na be\u017en\u00fdch s\u00e1\u010dkoch zo zeleninou. V obchode s potravinami s\u00fa vystaven\u00e9 stovky potrav\u00edn balen\u00e9 s farebn\u00fdm vyzna\u010den\u00edm „n\u00edzko kalorick\u00e9 jedlo“. Kal\u00f3rie s\u00fa ale k\u013e\u00fa\u010dom k pochopeniu toho, \u010do jeme.<\/strong><\/p>\n N\u00edzko kalorick\u00e9 jedl\u00e1 ako ovocie a zelenina s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eitou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou ka\u017ed\u00e9ho zdrav\u00e9ho jed\u00e1lni\u010dka zdroj: bodybuilding.com\n

Vysvetlenie kal\u00f3ri\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Kal\u00f3ria je teda miera akumulovanej energie<\/strong> – energie, ktor\u00e1 sa m\u00f4\u017ee uvo\u013eni\u0165, ke\u010f ju na\u0161e telo spotrebuje. Z\u00e1vis\u00ed to od teploty? No, ani nie, ke\u010f\u017ee bal\u00edk mrazen\u00e9ho hr\u00e1\u0161ku m\u00e1 odli\u0161n\u00fa teplotu ako rovnak\u00fd bal\u00edk varen\u00e9ho hr\u00e1\u0161ku. Oba ale obsahuj\u00fa rovnak\u00fd po\u010det kal\u00f3ri\u00ed (alebo energie).<\/p>\n

Kal\u00f3ria na etiket\u00e1ch potrav\u00edn v obchodoch je skratka pre kilokal\u00f3riu. Kcal je mno\u017estvo energie, ktor\u00e9 je potrebn\u00e9 na zv\u00fd\u0161enie teploty jedn\u00e9ho kilogramu vody o 1 stupe\u0148 Celzia<\/strong>. \u010co m\u00e1 ale vriaca voda spolo\u010dn\u00e9 s uvo\u013e\u0148ovan\u00edm energie z potravy na\u0161\u00edm telom?<\/p>\n

Predsa len, na\u0161e telo si neza\u010dne po jeden\u00ed magicky zvy\u0161ova\u0165 teplotu. \u010co ale rob\u00ed – chemicky rozklad\u00e1 potraviny na cukry. Telo potom uvo\u013e\u0148uje energiu v t\u00fdchto cukroch a pou\u017e\u00edva ju ako palivo po\u010das cel\u00e9ho d\u0148a<\/strong>. To je vlastne TDEE (Total Daily Calorie Expenditure) – \u010dasto spom\u00ednan\u00e1 formulka, ktor\u00e1 hovor\u00ed, ko\u013eko va\u0161e telo spotrebuje energie za de\u0148.<\/p>\n Jedl\u00e1 bohat\u00e9 na zdrav\u00e9 \u017eiviny, ako vitam\u00edn E zdroj: stylecraze.com\n

Kal\u00f3rie dnu, kal\u00f3rie von<\/h3>\n

Kal\u00f3rie spa\u013eujeme st\u00e1le –\u00a0 ke\u010f sa h\u00fdbeme, sp\u00edme alebo u\u010d\u00edme sa na sk\u00fa\u0161ky. Tieto kal\u00f3rie mus\u00edme odniekia\u013e z\u00edska\u0165, napr\u00edklad konzum\u00e1ciou jedla alebo spa\u013eovan\u00edm u\u017e ulo\u017eenej energie v na\u0161om tele (vo forme tukov). Jedlo obsahuje tri hlavn\u00fd typy l\u00e1tok, ktor\u00e9 dod\u00e1vaj\u00fa energiu: tuky, bielkoviny a sacharid<\/strong>y.<\/p>\n

Metabolizmus najsk\u00f4r tieto l\u00e1tky premen\u00ed: Bielkoviny \u0161tiepi na aminokyseliny, tuky na mastn\u00e9 kyseliny a sacharidy na jednoduch\u00e9 cukry<\/strong>. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina tejto energie smeruje rovno na podporu tela – napr\u00edklad pre srdce, p\u013e\u00faca, mozog a \u010fal\u0161ie \u017eivotne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 procesy tela. Energeticky bohat\u00e9 \u017eiviny, ktor\u00e9 sa nepou\u017eij\u00fa hne\u010f, sa ulo\u017eia – najsk\u00f4r v pe\u010deni a potom ako tuk.<\/p>\n

V\u0161eobecne plat\u00ed, \u017ee by sme mali jes\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 tak\u00e9 mno\u017estvo energie, ko\u013eko spotrebuje na\u0161e telo<\/strong>. Ak nenastane rovnov\u00e1ha, bu\u010f priberieme alebo strat\u00edme na v\u00e1he. V dne\u0161nej dobe je ve\u013emi \u013eahk\u00e9 zjes\u0165 viac kal\u00f3ri\u00ed, ako na\u0161e telo potrebuje. Mo\u017eno v\u00e1s zaujme to, ako sa stravoval pr\u00e1ve Arnold Schwarzenegger po\u010das jeho zlatej \u00e9ry kulturistiky.<\/p>\n

Fast food, hranol\u010deky, \u010dipsy, \u0161i\u0161ky… v dne\u0161nej dobe je probl\u00e9mom to, \u017ee v\u0161etko m\u00f4\u017eeme z\u00edska\u0165 hne\u010f a r\u00fdchlo – bez n\u00e1mahy, ktorou si na\u0161i predkovia museli jedlo vydobi\u0165. Je ve\u013emi \u013eahk\u00e9 zjes\u0165 kal\u00f3rie, ale omnoho \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie je ich sp\u00e1li\u0165<\/strong>. Behan\u00edm 1 kilometru sp\u00e1lite 62 kal\u00f3ri\u00ed – v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina keksov ich m\u00e1 nad 250, a jeden viete zjes\u0165 aj pod min\u00fatu.<\/p>\n Doplnky v\u00fd\u017eivy s\u00fa vhodn\u00e9, ak nem\u00e1te dostatok jednej z 3 z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch \u017eiv\u00edn zdroj: healthline.com\n

Po\u010d\u00edtanie kal\u00f3ri\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Ako sme vlastne dospeli k tomu, ko\u013eko kal\u00f3ri\u00ed m\u00e1 ak\u00e9 jedlo? Je to v\u0161etko pod\u013ea jednoduch\u00e9ho matematick\u00e9ho vzorca. Najsk\u00f4r sa zmeria, ko\u013eko gramov sacharidov, bielkov\u00edn a tukov je v jedle. Potom ka\u017ed\u00e1 z t\u00fdchto s\u00fam sa vyn\u00e1sob\u00ed nastavenou hodnotou. 1 gram sacharidov m\u00e1 4 kal\u00f3rie, 1 gram bielkov\u00edn m\u00e1 taktie\u017e 4 kal\u00f3rie a 1 gram tuku ich m\u00e1 9.<\/strong> S\u00fa\u010det t\u00fdchto hodn\u00f4t je st\u00e1le vyp\u00edsan\u00fd na obale \u0161t\u00edtku s potravinami v obchodoch.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1to formulka bola vytvoren\u00e1 u\u017e ve\u013emi d\u00e1vno. \u00dadaje boli zhroma\u017eden\u00e9 z pred viac ako 100 rokmi v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdm poradcom Willburom O. Atwaterom<\/strong>. Atwater po\u017eiadal dobrovo\u013en\u00edkov, aby jedli r\u00f4zne jedl\u00e1 a potom zmeral, ko\u013eko energie dostali do tel\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich, v porovnan\u00ed s energiu v jedle s tou, ktor\u00e1 zostala v mo\u010di. Atwater porovn\u00e1val \u010d\u00edsla z viac ako 4000 odli\u0161n\u00fdch jed\u00e1l. Z tohto v\u00fdskumu zistil, ko\u013eko kal\u00f3ri\u00ed obsahuje ka\u017ed\u00fd gram bielkov\u00edn, tukov alebo sacharidov.<\/strong><\/p>\n Wiliam O. Atwater – ved\u00faci v\u00fdskumu zdroj: wikipedia.org\n

V\u010faka tomuto vzorcu vieme, \u017ee kal\u00f3rie v tukoch s\u00fa rovnak\u00e9, \u010di sa u\u017e jedn\u00e1 o tuk z hamburgerov, mandl\u00ed alebo taniera s hranolkami. Vedci v\u0161ak zistili, \u017ee t\u00e1to formulka nie je perfektn\u00e1<\/strong>. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Baer dok\u00e1zala, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 potraviny maj\u00fa predsa len in\u00fa kalorick\u00fa hodnotu. Napr\u00edklad ak jete ve\u013ea orechov, tie v\u00e1m dodaj\u00fa menej energie, ako by sa o\u010dak\u00e1valo. Mand\u013eov\u00e9 maslo zase poskytuje viac kal\u00f3ri\u00ed ako cel\u00e9 mandle.<\/p>\n

Tento syst\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edvame v\u0161ade vo svete, mo\u017eno nie je perfektn\u00fd, ale je jednoduch\u00fd a \u013eahko pou\u017eite\u013en\u00fd. Asi ako najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie si m\u00f4\u017eete zobra\u0165 to, \u017ee po\u010det kal\u00f3ri\u00ed na \u0161t\u00edtkoch potrav\u00edn je skuto\u010dne iba odhadom<\/strong>. Je to ale dobr\u00fd za\u010diatok pre pochopenie toho, ko\u013eko energie dostanete z jedn\u00e9ho jedla.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kalorick\u00e9 hodnoty s\u00fa v\u0161ade okolo n\u00e1s. \u010ci u\u017e na jed\u00e1lnych l\u00edstkoch re\u0161taur\u00e1ci\u00ed, \u0161katuliach od mliekach alebo aj na be\u017en\u00fdch s\u00e1\u010dkoch zo zeleninou. V obchode s<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6910","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6910"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6910\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}