{"id":6939,"date":"2021-05-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-09T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/moze-nas-nasa-ochranit-pred-padmi-asteroidov-realita-nie-je-sci-fi-ale-pomoct-moze\/"},"modified":"2021-05-10T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-05-09T23:00:00","slug":"moze-nas-nasa-ochranit-pred-padmi-asteroidov-realita-nie-je-sci-fi-ale-pomoct-moze","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/moze-nas-nasa-ochranit-pred-padmi-asteroidov-realita-nie-je-sci-fi-ale-pomoct-moze\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00f4\u017ee n\u00e1s NASA ochr\u00e1ni\u0165 pred p\u00e1dmi asteroidov? Realita nie je sci-fi, ale pom\u00f4c\u0165 m\u00f4\u017ee"},"content":{"rendered":"Kr\u00e1ter po dopade meteoritu<\/strong>. Meteor Crater Road, Winslow, USA | Foto: Jimmy Conover @unsplash.com\n

Koncom m\u00e1ja tohto roka Centrum pre v\u00fdskum objektov v bl\u00edzkosti Zeme (CNEOS \u2013 Center for Near-Earth Object Studies) realizovalo medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fa sk\u00fa\u0161ku pre\u00a0 vesm\u00edrne agent\u00fary, ktor\u00e1 mala odhali\u0165 pripravenos\u0165 jej \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov na pr\u00edpadn\u00fa hroziacu zr\u00e1\u017eku Zeme s asteroidom.<\/p>\n

O t\u00e9me informovali port\u00e1ly SciTechDaily<\/strong>, BusinessInsider<\/strong>, n\u00e1sledne slovensk\u00fd Startiup, odvol\u00e1vaj\u00fac sa na zdroje CNEOS<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0JPLNASA<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Cvi\u010denie trvalo \u0161tyri dni,<\/strong> po\u010das ktor\u00fdch sa simulovali cel\u00e9 t\u00fd\u017edne a agent\u00fary sa dozvedali \u010doraz viac o presnosti dopadu a ve\u013ekosti asteroidu. Cie\u013eom bolo vytvori\u0165 v agent\u00farach tak\u00e9 cvi\u010denie, ktor\u00e9 ich bude prakticky pripravova\u0165 na mo\u017enos\u0165 takejto situ\u00e1cie, aby si overili postupy a met\u00f3dy.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n V pr\u00edpade tejto simul\u00e1cie spadol meteorit bl\u00edzko Slovenska, presnej\u0161ie hrani\u010dn\u00fa oblas\u0165 Nemecka, \u010ceska a Rak\u00faska. | Reprofoto NASA\n

 <\/p>\n

Ako by mohla re\u00e1lne NASA pom\u00f4c\u0165?<\/h3>\n

NASA u\u017e dnes sleduje objekty, ktor\u00e9 pre Zem predstavuj\u00fa riziko. M\u00e1 to na starosti jednak CNEOS a tie\u017e JPL NASA so syst\u00e9mom Sentry. Dokonca si m\u00f4\u017eete pozrie\u0165 presn\u00e9 polohy a po\u010dty tak\u00fdchto objektov na tejto str\u00e1nke NASA<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Niektor\u00e9 z asteoroidov, napr\u00edklad (2007 FT3), by eventu\u00e1lne mohol letie\u0165 v bl\u00edzkosti Zeme u\u017e v rokoch 2024 a\u017e 2140, in\u00e9 maj\u00fa tak ve\u013ek\u00fa obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu, \u017ee bud\u00fa kri\u017eova\u0165 t\u00fa Zemsk\u00fa a\u017e na konci tohto tis\u00edcro\u010dia.<\/p>\n

NASA alebo aj in\u00e9 organiz\u00e1cie m\u00f4\u017eu tak\u00e9to nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 teles\u00e1 sledova\u0165 a pomocou n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed ur\u010dova\u0165 ich ve\u013ekos\u0165, hmotnos\u0165 a polohu pr\u00edpadn\u00e9ho dopadu. Nikdy to v\u0161ak nebude presnos\u0165 na sto percent a mnoh\u00e9 objekty mo\u017eno prehliadnu\u0165, aj tie ve\u013ek\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Zdanlivo jedin\u00fdm sp\u00f4sob, ako n\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017ee dnes vesm\u00edrny v\u00fdskum pom\u00f4c\u0165 pre\u017ei\u0165 p\u00e1d v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ieho asteroidu na povrch Zeme, je vedie\u0165 o \u0148om \u010do naviac a s dostato\u010dne ve\u013ek\u00fdm predstihom evakuova\u0165 oblasti mo\u017en\u00e9ho dopadu. Tak by sa dali v podstatnej miere minimalizova\u0165 straty na \u017eivotoch a po\u0161kodenia zdravia \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Len\u017ee v pr\u00edpade v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ieho asteroidu je situ\u00e1cia podstatne komplikovanej\u0161ia, v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti neexistuj\u00fa v praxi overen\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie, ako meteoritu zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 dopadn\u00fa\u0165. Divok\u00e9 \u0161pekul\u00e1cie hovoria o rozbit\u00ed ve\u013ek\u00fdch telies napr\u00edklad pomocou jadrov\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, ale realita je zna\u010dne n\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161ia ako ak\u00e9ko\u013evek sci-fi. Tak\u017ee t\u00e1to mo\u017enos\u0165 ost\u00e1va na\u010falej iba ve\u013emi divokou \u0161pekul\u00e1ciou.<\/p>\n

Je potrebn\u00e9 uvedomi\u0165 si, \u017ee zasielanie \u010dohoko\u013evek mimo obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu Zeme je dnes extr\u00e9mne n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, preto\u017ee tak\u00fdto objekt mus\u00ed prekona\u0165 takzvan\u00fa \u00fanikov\u00fa r\u00fdchlos\u0165 Zeme, ktor\u00e1 je pribli\u017ene 11 kilometrov za sekundu. Okrem toho pr\u00edprava tak\u00e9hoto projektu je \u010dasovo mimoriadne n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, trv\u00e1 roky a\u017e mesiace. Ak by sme chceli bl\u00ed\u017eiaci sa asteroid zni\u010di\u0165 jadrovou zbra\u0148ou, museli by sme zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby v\u00fdbuch nastal dostato\u010dne \u010faleko od Zeme, aby neznehodnotil jej atmosf\u00e9ru a z\u00e1rove\u0148 dos\u0165 bl\u00edzko na to, aby sme vedeli relat\u00edvne mal\u00fd vesm\u00edrny objekt trafi\u0165.<\/p>\n Meteory m\u00f4\u017eete vidie\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00fa noc, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich nikdy nedopadne na povrch | Foto: Vincentiu Solomon @unsplash.com\n

Meteory m\u00f4\u017eete vidie\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00fa noc<\/h3>\n

V skuto\u010dnosti na Zem denno-denne dopadaj\u00fa asteroidy z vesm\u00edru – sta\u010d\u00ed, ke\u010f v ak\u00fako\u013evek noc dvihnete o\u010di smerom k oblohe a budete ju sledova\u0165 nieko\u013eko min\u00fat.<\/p>\n

Ak nebud\u00fa oblaky, zaru\u010dene uvid\u00edte nieko\u013eko satelitov kr\u00fa\u017eiacich na obe\u017enej dr\u00e1he, mo\u017eno aj Medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fa vesm\u00edrnu stanicu ISS a takmer ur\u010dite aj aspo\u0148 jeden meteor. Z nich v\u0161ak iba men\u0161ia \u010das\u0165 aj re\u00e1lne dopadne na povrch Zeme a aj ke\u010f sa tak stane, oby\u010dajne o t\u00fdchto dopadoch nikto nevie. T\u00fdch v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch je podstatne menej: \u201eOdhaduje sa, \u017ee na Zem za posledn\u00fa miliardu rokov dopadlo asi 130 000 meteoritov, ktor\u00e9 boli dostato\u010dne ve\u013ek\u00e9 na to, aby vytvorili kr\u00e1ter \u0161irok\u00fd aspo\u0148 1 kilometer,\u201c uv\u00e1dza vo svojom \u010dl\u00e1nku Refresher.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi meteorom, meteoritom a asteroidom?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Asteroid<\/strong> je teleso, ktor\u00e9 \u201elieta\u201c vesm\u00edrom a jeho pohyb je riaden\u00fd gravita\u010dn\u00fdmi silami ve\u013ek\u00fdch hmotn\u00fdch telies, ako hviezd a plan\u00e9t. Ke\u010f asteroid vst\u00fapi do atmosf\u00e9ry Zeme (alebo plan\u00e9ty ako takej), st\u00e1va sa z neho meteor<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd sa prejavuje ako horiace teleso letiace oblohou. Ak nestihne zhorie\u0165 a dopadne na povrch, to, \u010do z neho zostalo, sa vol\u00e1 meteorit<\/strong>. Ak po\u010das letu v\u00fdrazne vzplanie, akoby v\u00fdbuchom, vol\u00e1 sa bolid.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Koncom m\u00e1ja tohto roka Centrum pre v\u00fdskum objektov v bl\u00edzkosti Zeme (CNEOS \u2013 Center for Near-Earth Object Studies) realizovalo medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fa sk\u00fa\u0161ku pre\u00a0 vesm\u00edrne agent\u00fary, ktor\u00e1<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6939"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6939\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}