{"id":7000,"date":"2021-06-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-06-07T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/zivot-a-trapenie-fridy-kahlo\/"},"modified":"2021-06-08T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-06-07T23:00:00","slug":"zivot-a-trapenie-fridy-kahlo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/zivot-a-trapenie-fridy-kahlo\/","title":{"rendered":"Frida Kahlo, \u017eivot a \u00fatrapy najzn\u00e1mej\u0161ej Mexi\u010danky"},"content":{"rendered":"Frida Kahlo (Foto: Brett Sayles)\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Mexick\u00e1 umelky\u0148a <strong>Frida Kahlo<\/strong> (<em>Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calder\u00f3n<\/em>) sa narodila v roku 1907, \u013eu\u010fom v\u0161ak \u010dasto hovorila, \u017ee sa narodila o tri roky nesk\u00f4r, v roku <strong>1910<\/strong>. Tento rok si vybrala symbolicky, aby sa za\u010diatok jej \u017eivota zhodoval so za\u010diatkom mexickej revol\u00facie. Kahlo bola hrdou <strong>aktivistkou<\/strong> and <strong>umelky\u0148ou<\/strong>. Svoje portr\u00e9ty pou\u017e\u00edvala na komunik\u00e1ciu <strong>intenz\u00edvnych bojov<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 za\u017eila po\u010das svojho \u017eivota, ale aj na sprostredkovanie <strong>hlasu domorodej a mexickej kult\u00fary<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u017divot<\/h3>\n<p>Fridin otec, <strong>Wilhelm<\/strong> (naz\u00fdvan\u00fd tie\u017e <em>Guillermo<\/em>), bol <strong>nemeck\u00fd fotograf<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd emigroval do <strong>Mexika<\/strong>, kde sa zozn\u00e1mil a o\u017eenil s jej matkou <strong>Matilde<\/strong>. Frida bola u\u017e od detstva in\u00e1 ako jej rovesn\u00edci. Okolo <strong>\u0161iesteho roku<\/strong> dostala <strong>detsk\u00fa obrnu<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 ju prip\u00fatala na dev\u00e4\u0165 mesiacov na l\u00f4\u017eko. Po zotaven\u00ed z choroby Frida do\u017eivotne pokrivk\u00e1vala, preto\u017ee jej choroba po\u0161kodila prav\u00fa nohu a chodidlo. Jej otec ju v\u0161ak nab\u00e1dal, aby neprestala \u0161portova\u0165. Hrala <strong>futbal<\/strong>, <strong>pl\u00e1vala<\/strong> a dokonca aj <strong>z\u00e1pasila<\/strong>, \u010do bolo v tom \u010dase pre diev\u010da ve\u013emi neobvykl\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Mlad\u00e1 Frida v <strong>18 rokoch<\/strong> utrpela \u010fal\u0161iu stra\u0161n\u00fa nehodu, ke\u010f sa <strong>autobus<\/strong>, v ktorom sedela <strong>zrazil\u00a0 s elektri\u010dkou<\/strong>. Po nehode\u00a0 mala poranen\u00fd <strong>\u017eal\u00fadok a bru\u0161n\u00fa dutinu, zlomen\u00fa chrbticu, k\u013e\u00fa\u010dnu kos\u0165, rebr\u00e1 a panvu<\/strong>. Tieto zranenia ju prip\u00fatali na l\u00f4\u017eko. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu svojho \u017eivota str\u00e1vila v posteli kv\u00f4li chronick\u00fdm bolestiam a oper\u00e1ci\u00e1m.\u00a0 Po nehode na\u0161la jedin\u00fa \u00fatechu v ma\u013ebe, ktor\u00e1 ju pod\u013ea jej slov udr\u017eala pri \u017eivote. Pou\u017e\u00edvala otcov \u0161peci\u00e1lny stojan na ma\u013eovanie z l\u00f4\u017eka. Jej <strong>krehk\u00e9 telo<\/strong> sa stalo jej <strong>m\u00fazou<\/strong> a pomocou pl\u00e1tna sa sna\u017eila akceptova\u0165 svoje telo.<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3><em>\u201e Ma\u013eujem sa preto, \u017ee som tak \u010dasto sama, a preto\u017ee som subjekt, ktor\u00fd pozn\u00e1m najlep\u0161ie. \u201c\u00a0\u00a0 Frida Kahlo<br \/>\n<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ke\u010f sa jej polep\u0161ilo rozhodla sa na\u010falej pokra\u010dova\u0165 a zdokonalova\u0165 v ma\u013eovan\u00ed. Nav\u0161t\u00edvili zn\u00e1meho mexick\u00e9ho maliara a komunistu Diega Riveru, u ktor\u00e9ho sa chcela u\u010di\u0165. Nesk\u00f4r si ho aj vzala za mu\u017ea. Diego Rivera v\u0161ak nikdy nebol mu\u017eom, ktor\u00fd by vedel zotrva\u0165 v man\u017eelstve, no Frida pred jeho neverami zatv\u00e1rala o\u010di. T\u00fa\u017eila toti\u017e ve\u013emi po die\u0165ati. To jej v\u0161ak nikdy nebolo dopriate a v\u0161etky jej tehotenstv\u00e1 skon\u010dili <strong>potratom<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Po ne\u00faspe\u0161n\u00fdch pokusoch o splodenie die\u0165a\u0165a pri\u0161la pre Fridu \u010fal\u0161ia rana. Zistila, \u017ee\u00a0 ju Diego za\u010dal <strong>podv\u00e1dza\u0165 s jej vlastnou sestrou<\/strong>. Po tomto zisten\u00ed sa s n\u00edm <strong>rozviedla<\/strong> a za\u010dala sa <strong>oblieka\u0165 ako mu\u017e<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>O p\u00e1r rokov, ke\u010f sa jej zdravotn\u00fd stav zhor\u0161il, skon\u010dila hospitalizovan\u00e1 v nemocnici. Tam ju pri\u0161iel nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 Diego a po\u017eiadal ju znova o ruku. Ona ochotne s\u00fahlasila. O p\u00e1r t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov na to zomrela.\u00a0 Kr\u00e1tko predt\u00fdm stihla nama\u013eova\u0165 svoj posledn\u00fd obraz <strong>Viva La<\/strong> <strong>Vida<\/strong> (<em><strong>\u017di \u017eivot<\/strong><\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Spolo\u010densk\u00fd \u017eivot<\/h3>\n<p>Ke\u010f nebola prip\u00fatan\u00e1 na l\u00f4\u017eko \u017eila Frida Kahlo <strong>ve\u013emi pestr\u00fd spolo\u010densk\u00fd \u017eivot pln\u00fd tanca a randenia<\/strong>. K jej najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edm rom\u00e1nikom patr\u00ed pomer s marxisitick\u00fdm revolucion\u00e1rom <strong>Levom Trockym, <\/strong>ako aj\u00a0 romantick\u00fd vz\u0165ah s tane\u010dn\u00ed\u010dkou <strong>Josephine Baker.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Medzi jej priate\u013eov a obdivovate\u013eov sa zaradil aj Pablo Picasso.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Dom\u00e1ce zvieratk\u00e1<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Frida Kahlo<\/strong> mala z\u00e1\u013eubu v <strong>exotick\u00fdch a div\u00fdch zvierat\u00e1ch<\/strong>. Spolu s nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi <strong>mexick\u00fdmi nah\u00e1\u010dmi<\/strong> (vz\u00e1cne plemeno psov poch\u00e1dzaj\u00face od star\u00fdch <strong>Azt\u00e9kov<\/strong>) mala Kahlo aj dve <strong>pav\u00fa\u010die opice<\/strong> menom <em>Fulang Chang<\/em> and <em>Caimito de Guayabal<\/em>, <strong>papag\u00e1ja<\/strong> menom <em>Bonito<\/em> and <strong>orla <\/strong>s menom <em>Gertrudis Caca Blanca<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Obrazy<\/h3>\n<p>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu malieb od mexickej maliarky Fridy Kahlo tvoria jej vlastn\u00e9 autoportr\u00e9ty. Medzi je najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ie diela patri obrazy ako <strong>Frida a Diego Rivera<\/strong> (<em>Frida and Diego Rivera, 1931<\/em>), <strong>Nemocnica Henryho Forda<\/strong> (<em>Henry Ford Hospital, 1932<\/em>), <strong>Samovra\u017eda Doroty Hale<\/strong> (<em>The Suicide of Dorothy Hale, 1939<\/em>), <strong>Dve Fridy<\/strong> (T<em>he Two Fridas, 1939<\/em>) a <strong>Zlomen\u00e1 chrbtica <\/strong>(<em>The Broken Column, 1944<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><em>\u201e Myslia si, \u017ee som surrealistka, ale nie som. Nikdy som nema\u013eovala sny. Ma\u013eovala som svoju vlastn\u00fa realitu.&#8220; Frida Kahlo<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Frida Kahlo: A collection of 100 paintings (HD)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HCXxsd-BKLY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Film o Fride Kahlo<\/h3>\n<p>\u017divot svetozn\u00e1mej mexickej maliarky sa stal n\u00e1metom k filmu z roku<strong> 2002<\/strong> with the name <strong>Frida<\/strong>, v ktorom si hlavn\u00fa \u00falohu zahrala <strong>Salma Hayek<\/strong> ako umelky\u0148a a <strong>Alfred Molina<\/strong> ako Diego Rivera. Tento film bol nominovan\u00fd na \u0161es\u0165 cien Akad\u00e9mie a z\u00edskal cenu za najlep\u0161\u00ed make-up.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Frida (2002) Official Trailer #1 - Salma Hayek Movie HD\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/uOUzQYqba4Y?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<pre><span class=\"y2iqfc\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/pre>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Mexick\u00e1 umelky\u0148a Frida Kahlo (Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calder\u00f3n) sa narodila v roku 1907, \u013eu\u010fom v\u0161ak \u010dasto hovorila, \u017ee sa narodila o tri<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7000","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7000","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7000"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7000\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7000"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7000"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}