{"id":7059,"date":"2023-11-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-11-26T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/uhlikova-neutralita-zaklad-moderneho-biznisu\/"},"modified":"2023-11-27T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-11-26T23:00:00","slug":"uhlikova-neutralita-zaklad-moderneho-biznisu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/uhlikova-neutralita-zaklad-moderneho-biznisu\/","title":{"rendered":"Pre\u010do s\u00fa pre firmy d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 neutralita a udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vypuknutie priemyseln\u00fdch revol\u00faci\u00ed<\/strong> a s nimi s\u00favisiace modernizovanie n\u00e1\u0161ho sveta,<\/strong> znamenalo mno\u017estvo zmien pre ka\u017ed\u00fa sf\u00e9ru \u017eivota. Okrem skvalit\u0148ovania a zjednodu\u0161ovania pracovn\u00fdch postupov, b\u00fdvania \u010di transportu, priemyseln\u00e1 revol\u00facia postupne prin\u00e1\u0161ala aj nov\u00e9, dovtedy nepoznan\u00e9 probl\u00e9my.<\/strong><\/p>\n

A ako sa technol\u00f3gie st\u00e1le zdokona\u013euj\u00fa, ruka v ruke s nimi sa objavuj\u00fa aj nov\u00e9 druhy probl\u00e9mov. Dlh\u00e9 roky nedostato\u010dnej pozornosti a z\u013eah\u010dovania ekologick\u00fdch a environmentalistick\u00fdch t\u00e9m,<\/strong> si dnes za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa vybera\u0165 svoju krut\u00fa da\u0148.<\/p>\n

Priemyseln\u00fd svet chrl\u00ed tony uhl\u00edka do ovzdu\u0161ia<\/strong> u\u017e v podstate od svojho vzniku, preto nejde o novodob\u00fd probl\u00e9m. Na aktu\u00e1lnosti mu ale prid\u00e1va fakt, \u017ee s rast\u00facou v\u00fdrobou, sa u\u017e vyprodukovan\u00e9 mno\u017estvo \u0161kodliv\u00edn st\u00e1va neudr\u017eate\u013en\u00fdm.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cite\u013en\u00e1 zmena podnebia<\/strong> a nedostato\u010dn\u00e9 opatrenia zameran\u00e9 na zmiernenie t\u00fdchto dopadov, tla\u010dia krajiny do tvorby eko-sch\u00e9m<\/strong> a vytv\u00e1rania s\u013eubov o zmene zau\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch sp\u00f4sobov.<\/strong> Preto si mnoh\u00e9 krajiny stanovili dlhodob\u00fd cie\u013e – sta\u0165 sa uhl\u00edkovo (alebo klimaticky) neutr\u00e1lnymi.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010co znamen\u00e1 uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 neutralita?<\/h3>\n

Pojem uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 neutralita<\/strong> u\u017e dnes nie je \u017eiadnou nezn\u00e1mou. Predstavuje intenz\u00edvne zni\u017eovanie podielu produkovan\u00e9ho uhl\u00edka, a\u017e po najni\u017e\u0161ie mo\u017en\u00e9 limity.<\/strong> Samozrejme, je nemo\u017en\u00e9 t\u00fato hranicu dosiahnu\u0165 zo d\u0148a na de\u0148. Preto krajiny pristupuj\u00fa k \u010diastkov\u00fdm opatreniam – ako je podpora elektromobility, transform\u00e1cia odvetv\u00ed priemyslu na „zelen\u0161\u00ed priemysel“, \u010di budovanie kapac\u00edt na produkciu elektriny z obnovite\u013en\u00fdch zdrojov<\/strong> (vyu\u017eitie vody, vetra a slne\u010dn\u00e9ho \u017eiarenia).<\/p>\n Z\u00e1kladom udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9ho rozvoja je v\u00fdroba energie z obnovite\u013en\u00fdch zdrojov. Tak\u00fdmto zdrojom je aj vetern\u00e1 energia, z\u00edskavan\u00e1 pomocou ikonick\u00fdch vetern\u00fdch turb\u00edn. | Foto: pexels.com<\/strong>\n

Okrem toho sa ve\u013ek\u00fdm trendom st\u00e1vaj\u00fa aj alternat\u00edvne pohonn\u00e9 hmoty (elektrina, vod\u00edk),<\/strong> ale aj poplatky za „zelen\u00e9 cestovanie“,<\/strong> ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu dobrovo\u013ene zaplati\u0165 cestuj\u00faci leteck\u00fdm spolo\u010dnostiam, \u010di autobusov\u00fdm prepravcom.<\/strong> Re\u00e1lny d\u00f4vod<\/strong> existencie t\u00fdchto poplatkov je v\u0161ak aj v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti viac ekonomick\u00fd ako ekologick\u00fd.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Treba v\u0161ak poveda\u0165, \u017ee syst\u00e9m zelen\u00fdch kreditov<\/strong> vy\u0161iel z dielne Organiz\u00e1cie spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rodov (OSN).<\/strong> V praxi to funguje tak, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti, vyp\u00fa\u0161\u0165aj\u00fa do vzdu\u0161ia viac CO2, ako povo\u013euj\u00fa limity,<\/strong> av\u0161ak na opl\u00e1tku si kupuj\u00fa tieto kredity, z ktor\u00fdch by n\u00e1sledne mali by\u0165 financovan\u00e9 projekty zameran\u00e9 na ekologick\u00fa produkciu<\/strong> a in\u00e9 environment\u00e1lne prospe\u0161n\u00e9 projekty,<\/strong> napr. zales\u0148ovanie.<\/p>\n

Najp\u00e1l\u010divej\u0161ia t\u00e9ma s\u00fa\u010dasnosti<\/h3>\n

Aj ke\u010f sa m\u00f4\u017ee zda\u0165, \u017ee ekol\u00f3gia a uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 neutralita,<\/strong> s\u00fa t\u00e9my bl\u00edzke len p\u00e1r krajin\u00e1m sveta, tento trend sa za\u010dal ot\u00e1\u010da\u0165. V posledn\u00fdch rokoch s\u00fa pr\u00e1ve environment\u00e1lne t\u00e9my \u010d\u00edslom jedna, na medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdch konferenci\u00e1ch. St\u00e1le prib\u00fadaj\u00fa krajiny, ktor\u00e9 prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa s nov\u00fdmi z\u00e1v\u00e4zkami, na zni\u017eovanie dopadov \u013eudskej \u010dinnosti na kl\u00edmu.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010ci si to teda prip\u00fa\u0161\u0165ame alebo nie, t\u00e1to t\u00e9ma sa bytostne dot\u00fdka aj n\u00e1s na Slovensku a v celej Eur\u00f3pe. Niektor\u00e9 krajiny sveta sa zaviazali, \u017ee v priebehu nasleduj\u00facich desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed dosiahnu absol\u00fatnu uhl\u00edkov\u00fa neutralitu<\/strong> – teda \u017ee mno\u017estvo vyprodukovan\u00e9ho uhl\u00edka bude nulov\u00e9, pr\u00edpadne aspo\u0148 prekonaj\u00fa minim\u00e1lne limity, plyn\u00face z ich vz\u00e1jomn\u00fdch doh\u00f4d.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Krajiny tento z\u00e1v\u00e4zok zhrnuli do Par\u00ed\u017eskej dohody,<\/strong> ktor\u00e1 sa stala k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm dokumentom pre zmenu kl\u00edmy.<\/strong> Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd zne\u010dis\u0165ovate\u013e ovzdu\u0161ia – \u010c\u00edna<\/strong> – sa zaviazala, \u017ee \u00fapln\u00fa uhl\u00edkov\u00fa neutralitu dosiahne do roku 2060.<\/strong> Krajiny ako Franc\u00fazsko, Japonsko a Ve\u013ek\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nia,<\/strong> chc\u00fa tento cie\u013e dosiahnu\u0165 e\u0161te o 10 rokov sk\u00f4r.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na rok 2050<\/strong> si svoj deadline stanovila aj Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania.<\/strong> Pod\u013ea jej pl\u00e1nov, naleje v najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch rokoch viac ako 500 mili\u00e1rd eur<\/strong> do ekologick\u00fdch projektov a transform\u00e1cie priemyslu,<\/strong> aby tento cie\u013e naplnila. Tieto z\u00e1v\u00e4zky ale neboli prij\u00edman\u00e9 len na \u00farovni kraj\u00edn. Spolu s nimi sa k snahe o dosiahnutie uhl\u00edkovej neutrality pridali aj ropn\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti, aerol\u00ednie,<\/strong> ale aj investi\u010dn\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti<\/strong> so svojimi portf\u00f3liami.<\/p>\n Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm zne\u010dis\u0165ovate\u013eom \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia je priemyseln\u00e1 \u010c\u00edna. Aj t\u00e1 sa v\u0161ak zaviazala, \u017ee najnesk\u00f4r o 40 rokov bude uhl\u00edkovo neutr\u00e1lnou. | Foto: pixabay.com<\/strong>\n

Ako na dosiahnutie cie\u013eov<\/h3>\n

Ke\u010f\u017ee hnac\u00edm motorom glob\u00e1lneho otep\u013eovania je pr\u00e1ve nadmern\u00e1 produkcia CO2 a in\u00fdch sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plynov,<\/strong> z\u00e1kladom pre dosiahnutie udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9ho rozvoja je pr\u00e1ve elimin\u00e1cia ich produkcie a hromadenia v atmosf\u00e9re.<\/strong> To sa krajiny a organiz\u00e1cie sna\u017eia dosiahnu\u0165 na z\u00e1klade zmien v doprave a infra\u0161trukt\u00fare, vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed p\u00f4dy a v sp\u00f4sobe budovania miest.<\/strong> V\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed d\u00f4raz sa za\u010d\u00edna kl\u00e1s\u0165 aj na vodoz\u00e1dr\u017en\u00e9 opatrenia v krajine.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Absol\u00fatnym z\u00e1kladom je dnes premena dopravy, v ktorej dominuj\u00fa spa\u013eovacie motory.<\/strong> Ot\u00e1zkou v\u0161ak je, \u010di to\u013eko pretl\u00e1\u010dan\u00e1 elektromobilita,<\/strong> prinesie s\u013eubovan\u00e9 bonusy, alebo bude naopak e\u0161te v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou enviro z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eou.<\/strong> Krajiny sa takisto zaviazali k ukon\u010deniu spa\u013eovania uhlia.<\/strong> Jeho priamou n\u00e1hradou sa maj\u00fa sta\u0165 elektr\u00e1rne, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00face silu pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch zdrojov, na v\u00fdrobu \u010distej energie. Rovnako firmy sa m\u00f4\u017eu akt\u00edvne zapoji\u0165 do zni\u017eovania emisi\u00ed CO2 prostredn\u00edctvom pren\u00e1jmu dod\u00e1vok bez spa\u013eovacieho motoru.<\/p>\n

Aby sa podarilo ciele naplni\u0165, je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 kontrolova\u0165 ich dodr\u017eiavanie.<\/strong> Realita je v\u0161ak tak\u00e1, \u017ee v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti neexistuje kontroln\u00fd org\u00e1n, ktor\u00fd by vedel zasiahnu\u0165 vo\u010di nepoctiv\u00fdm krajin\u00e1m.<\/strong> Ur\u010dit\u00e9 kontroln\u00e9 mechanizmy boli vytvoren\u00e9 v Par\u00ed\u017eskej dohode,<\/strong> av\u0161ak tie prim\u00e1rne tla\u010dia krajiny do stanovenia ambici\u00f3znej\u0161\u00edch cie\u013eov, miesto kontroly ich dodr\u017eiavania.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Preto zost\u00e1va len na zodpovednosti konkr\u00e9tnej krajiny,<\/strong> ako sa k svojim s\u013eubom postav\u00ed. Aby v\u0161ak mali tieto zmeny aj ur\u010dit\u00fa legislat\u00edvnu oporu, viacer\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty u\u017e niektor\u00e9 ciele zahrnuli do svojich z\u00e1konov,<\/strong> aby im tak dodali v\u00e1\u017enos\u0165 a mo\u017enos\u0165 priamej kontroly, zo strany poveren\u00fdch org\u00e1nov.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vypuknutie priemyseln\u00fdch revol\u00faci\u00ed a s nimi s\u00favisiace modernizovanie n\u00e1\u0161ho sveta, znamenalo mno\u017estvo zmien pre ka\u017ed\u00fa sf\u00e9ru \u017eivota. Okrem skvalit\u0148ovania a zjednodu\u0161ovania pracovn\u00fdch postupov, b\u00fdvania \u010di<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7059","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7059"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7059\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7059"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7059"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7059"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}