{"id":7062,"date":"2021-07-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-06T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/ked-sa-zacne-topit-gronsko-ocean-zaplavi-aj-londyn\/"},"modified":"2021-07-07T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-07-06T23:00:00","slug":"ked-sa-zacne-topit-gronsko-ocean-zaplavi-aj-londyn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/ked-sa-zacne-topit-gronsko-ocean-zaplavi-aj-londyn\/","title":{"rendered":"Ke\u010f sa za\u010dne topi\u0165 Gr\u00f3nsko, oce\u00e1n zaplav\u00ed aj Lond\u00fdn. Americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da nechtiac po 60 rokoch pomohla vedcom"},"content":{"rendered":"V Gr\u00f3nskom \u013eade starom dva mili\u00f3ny rokov sa na\u0161li zvy\u0161ky rastl\u00edn, \u010do m\u00e1 by\u0165 d\u00f4kaz r\u00fdchlej\u0161ieho topenia gr\u00f3nskych \u013eadovcov. Nie je to dobr\u00e1 spr\u00e1va pre nikoho z n\u00e1s.\n

Magaz\u00edn Wired v spolupr\u00e1ci s Atlas Obscura<\/em> zverejnil \u010dl\u00e1nok o tom, ako sa n\u00e1lezy takzvan\u00fdch lyofilizovan\u00fdch fos\u00edli\u00ed stali predmetom zv\u00fd\u0161enej pozornosti vedcov. Pre laika ide o nie\u010do celkom nepodstatn\u00e9, ale z h\u013eadiska predpovedania bud\u00facnosti podnebia na Zemi maj\u00fa n\u00e1lezy ve\u013ek\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n

Stoj\u00ed pritom za nimi vskutku zauj\u00edmav\u00fd pr\u00edbeh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4 000 kilometrov tunelov pre jadrov\u00e9 zbrane<\/h3>\n

E\u0161te v roku 1966 sa z gr\u00f3nskeho \u013eadovca odobrali vzorky z h\u013abky a\u017e 1,6 kilometra. Vedeck\u00fd projekt s n\u00e1zvom Camp Century Climate Monitoring Program mal by\u0165 pod\u013ea magaz\u00ednu Wired postaven\u00fd pr\u00e1ve na miestach, kde sa pred takmer \u0161es\u0165desiatimi rokmi realizoval vojensk\u00fd projekt<\/strong> ICEWORM<\/strong>. Ten<\/span> bol tajnou misiou USA na pl\u00e1novanie jadrov\u00fdch rakiet pod \u013eadom v Gr\u00f3nsku<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1mer tkvel vo vykopan\u00ed tunelov s celkovou d\u013a\u017ekou neuverite\u013en\u00fdch 4-tis\u00edc kilometrov<\/strong>\u00a0(resp. 2 500 m\u00ed\u013e), v ktor\u00fdch sa malo usklad\u0148ova\u0165, pr\u00edpadne vystre\u013eova\u0165 600 rakiet s jadrov\u00fdmi zbra\u0148ami<\/strong> (source).<\/p>\n

Gr\u00f3nsko bolo ide\u00e1lnym miestom kv\u00f4li svojej bl\u00edzkosti k Rusku, ale to tie\u017e urobilo stavbu ove\u013ea riskantnej\u0161ou. Tajilo sa to pred D\u00e1nskom, ktor\u00e9ho je Gr\u00f3nsko s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou. Ale nem\u00f4\u017eete len \u00eds\u0165 kopa\u0165 tis\u00edce kilometrov do \u013eadu a \u010daka\u0165, \u017ee si to nikto nev\u0161imne. Ako krytie teda americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da tvrdila, \u017ee buduje \u201eCamp Century<\/strong>\u201c, \u201ev\u00fdskumn\u00e9 zariadenie\u201c sankcionovan\u00e9 D\u00e1nskom. Postaven\u00fd bol v roku 1960 v bl\u00edzkosti leteckej z\u00e1kladne Thule, jeho stanoven\u00fdm \u00fa\u010delom bolo \u0161t\u00fadium stavebn\u00fdch techn\u00edk a uskuto\u010dnenie vedeck\u00fdch experimentov v arktick\u00fdch podmienkach.<\/p>\n

Aj ke\u010f Camp Century vyu\u017e\u00edvalo niektor\u00e9 tradi\u010dn\u00e9 stavebn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, ako drevo a oce\u013e , v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina tunelov bola jednoducho vykopan\u00e1 do \u013eadu<\/strong> (preto ten n\u00e1zov Iceworm – \u013eadov\u00fd \u010derv). Predpovedalo sa, \u017ee vydr\u017e\u00ed desa\u0165 rokov bez podstatnej \u00fadr\u017eby, ale \u013eadovce sa pohybovali r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie, ako sa o\u010dak\u00e1valo, \u010do by nakoniec sp\u00f4sobilo, \u017ee t\u00e1bor by bol nepou\u017eite\u013en\u00fd. Camp Century bol evakuovan\u00fd, nieko\u013eko rokov pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd zriedka, a\u017e napokon roku 1967 \u00faplne opusten\u00fd<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Ke\u010f bol Camp Century opusten\u00fd, zostal takmer \u00faplne neporu\u0161en\u00fd. Americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da predpokladala, \u017ee neust\u00e1le bude sne\u017ei\u0165 a drviace \u013eadovce obkolesia v\u00fdskumn\u00e9 zariadenie nav\u017edy.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 fotografia<\/strong>: V\u00fdskum podobn\u00fdch vzoriek \u013eadu sa zd\u00e1 by\u0165 ako trivi\u00e1lny, ale z\u00edska\u0165 ich je finan\u010dne mimoriadne n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9.\n

Sneh sa za\u010dal topi\u0165 sk\u00f4r, hroz\u00ed riziko \u00fanikov r\u00e1dioaktivity<\/h3>\n

V roku 2016 v\u0161ak vy\u0161etrovanie odhalilo, \u017ee glob\u00e1lne otep\u013eovanie sp\u00f4sobilo roztopenie \u013eadovej pokr\u00fdvky pokr\u00fdvaj\u00facej Camp Century<\/strong>. Ak by do\u0161lo k v\u00fdraznej\u0161iemu topeniu, ak\u00fdko\u013evek odpad – r\u00e1dioakt\u00edvny alebo in\u00fd – ktor\u00fd sa odhal\u00ed spolu so z\u00e1klad\u0148ou, by mohol sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 naru\u0161enie okolit\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mov.<\/p>\n

Najnov\u0161ie zistenia vedeck\u00fdch pracovn\u00edkov jasne poukazuj\u00fa na to, \u017ee hoci sa doteraz v\u0161etci domnievali, \u017ee Gr\u00f3nsko je v podstate permanentn\u00fd \u013eadovec s hr\u00fabkou miestami viac ako tri kilometre, v skuto\u010dnosti sa top\u00ed \u010dastej\u0161ie a r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Vedci to zistili v\u010faka vzorke \u013eadovca z h\u013abky 1,6 kilometra e\u0161te pred desa\u0165ro\u010diami – r\u00f4znymi cestami sa napokon t\u00e1to vzorka, st\u00e1le zamrazen\u00e1, v roku 2019 dostala k Andrewovi Christovi<\/strong>, vedcovi z Vermontskej univerzity. To bol skoro z\u00e1zrak, preto\u017ee z\u00edska\u0165 dnes porovnate\u013en\u00fa subglaci\u00e1lnu vzorku pomocou modernej technol\u00f3gie v\u0155tania by bolo ne\u00fanosne drah\u00e9<\/strong>. Kedysi to v\u0161ak financovala arm\u00e1da Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov a tak\u00e9to \u201edrobn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady\u201c pre \u0148u v \u010dase studenej vojny neboli d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9.<\/p>\n Gr\u00f3nsko nie je iba s\u00favisl\u00fd kus \u013eadu. 15 percent plochy tohto najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ieho ostrova sveta tvor\u00ed \u201enorm\u00e1lna pevnina\u201c.\n

 <\/p>\n

Zelen\u00e9 Gr\u00f3nsko je nebezpe\u010denstvo pre cel\u00fd svet<\/h3>\n

Christ vo vzorke objavil n\u00e1lezy takzvan\u00fdch lyofilizovan\u00fdch fos\u00edli\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa by\u0165 d\u00f4kazom toho, \u017ee v Gr\u00f3nsko nebolo v\u017edy \u013eadov\u00e9, ale \u017ee na \u0148om bujnela veget\u00e1cia.<\/p>\n

Subglaci\u00e1lna vzorka potvrdzuje, \u017ee mas\u00edvna \u013eadov\u00e1 pokr\u00fdvka sa pravdepodobne m\u00f4\u017ee topi\u0165 ove\u013ea \u013eah\u0161ie, ako nazna\u010duje v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdch modelov – v pr\u00edpade tavenia gr\u00f3nskeho \u013eadovca by sa hladina oce\u00e1nov zv\u00fd\u0161ila a\u017e o 6 metrov<\/strong>, \u010do je dos\u0165 na to, aby sa z mapy sveta vymazali aj mest\u00e1 ako Lond\u00fdn \u010di Boston!<\/p>\n

Mimochodom, Gr\u00f3nsko je najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed ostrov na svete, ale iba 15 percent jeho \u00fazemia je trvalo bez \u013eadu.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskum e\u0161te z\u010faleka nesko\u010dil<\/h3>\n

Christ, Schaefer a ich kolegovia pokra\u010duj\u00fa v anal\u00fdze materi\u00e1lu Camp Century, aby z\u00fa\u017eili jeho vekov\u00e9 rozp\u00e4tie a dozvedeli sa viac o zachovanom rastlinnom materi\u00e1li, ktor\u00fd je jedine\u010dn\u00fd, preto\u017ee mas\u00edvne usadeniny \u013eadu zvy\u010dajne ni\u010dia organick\u00fd materi\u00e1l. \u010eal\u0161ia f\u00e1za v\u00fdskumu, ktor\u00e1 u\u017e prebieha, zah\u0155\u0148a h\u013eadanie st\u00f4p DNA, ktor\u00e9 by sa mohli pou\u017ei\u0165 na ur\u010denie pr\u00edtomn\u00fdch druhov, a dokonca aj na rekon\u0161trukciu cel\u00e9ho ekosyst\u00e9mu. Zatia\u013e to vyzer\u00e1 podobne ako v modernej arktickej tundre.<\/p>\n

V Camp Century je v\u0161ak toho e\u0161te ve\u013ea na presk\u00famanie<\/strong>. Spodn\u00e9 vrstvy vzorky zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa sediment, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 a\u017e tri mili\u00f3ny rokov star\u00fd, hovor\u00ed Christ, a m\u00f4\u017ee obsahova\u0165 viac organickej hmoty, ktor\u00e1 by mohla by\u0165 \u201enajstar\u0161\u00edm materi\u00e1lom, ak\u00fd sa kedy z\u00edskal spod \u013eadu<\/strong>\u201c.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u00f4vodne utajovan\u00fd projekt z \u010dias studenej vojny viedol k n\u00e1lezom starod\u00e1vneho \u017eivota a k nov\u00e9mu varovaniu o bud\u00facnosti podnebia.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7062","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7062","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7062"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7062\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7062"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7062"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7062"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}