{"id":7109,"date":"2021-08-17T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-08-16T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/co-je-cgi-a-ako-ovplyvnil-filmovy-priemysel\/"},"modified":"2021-08-17T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-08-16T23:00:00","slug":"co-je-cgi-a-ako-ovplyvnil-filmovy-priemysel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/co-je-cgi-a-ako-ovplyvnil-filmovy-priemysel\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co je CGI a ako ovplyvnila filmov\u00fd priemysel"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"tw-target-text-container\" class=\"tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: center;\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\"><em>Tituln\u00e1 fotografia: CGI (computer generated imagery) s\u00fa po\u010d\u00edta\u010dom generovan\u00e9 sn\u00edmky, p\u00f4sobia \u010dastokr\u00e1t ako skuto\u010dn\u00e1 realita (Ilustra\u010dn\u00fd obr\u00e1zok: Phil Shaw)<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\">\n<p id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" dir=\"ltr\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"sk\"><strong>Kinematografia<\/strong> sa od svojho vzniku na konci 19. storo\u010dia v\u00fdrazne vyvinula. Rap\u00eddnu zmenu zaznamenala najm\u00e4 v oblasti <strong>vizu\u00e1lnych efektov<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v dne\u0161nej dobe \u010dastokr\u00e1t na nerozoznanie od reality. V posledn\u00fdch desa\u0165ro\u010diach za\u010dalo dominova\u0165 vo filmoch <strong>CGI<\/strong>. T\u00e1to skratka ozna\u010duje \u0161irok\u00fa oblas\u0165, ktor\u00e1 sa venuje tvorbe sn\u00edmok v po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch. <\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\">\n<\/div>\n<h3 data-placeholder=\"Preklad\">\u010co je CGI?<\/h3>\n<p id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" dir=\"ltr\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"sk\"><strong>CGI (po\u010d\u00edta\u010dom generovan\u00e9 sn\u00edmky)<\/strong> s\u00fa vytvoren\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00edm <strong>po\u010d\u00edta\u010dovej grafiky<\/strong> v umen\u00ed a m\u00e9di\u00e1ch. M\u00f4\u017eu to by\u0165 <strong>2D alebo 3D anim\u00e1cie, objekty\u00a0 a sc\u00e9ny<\/strong>. Vyskytuj\u00fa sa hlavne v<strong> umen\u00ed, filme, videohr\u00e1ch a vedeck\u00fdch simul\u00e1ci\u00e1ch<\/strong>. Pou\u017eitia tejto met\u00f3dy je ve\u013emi \u0161irok\u00e9 a zahr\u0148uje \u0161k\u00e1lu od <strong>anim\u00e1cie cel\u00fdch miest<\/strong> a\u017e po jemn\u00fa pr\u00e1cu na <strong>postav\u00e1ch a prostrediach.<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 data-placeholder=\"Preklad\">Hist\u00f3ria a v\u00fdvoj<\/h3>\n<p id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" dir=\"ltr\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"sk\">Pred mnoh\u00fdmi desa\u0165ro\u010diami boli <strong>anim\u00e1tori<\/strong> v\u00fdtvarn\u00edci, ktor\u00ed <strong>kreslili obr\u00e1zky ru\u010dne<\/strong>. Tradi\u010dn\u00e1 anim\u00e1cia pozost\u00e1vala z cel\u00e9ho t\u00edmu anim\u00e1torov, ktor\u00ed nakreslili a zafarbili obr\u00e1zky na <strong>prieh\u013eadn\u00e9 celuloidov\u00e9 listy<\/strong> navrstven\u00e9 na obr\u00e1zok s pozad\u00edm. V d\u00f4sledku toho sa \u010dasti obr\u00e1zka mohli meni\u0165 bez toho, aby sa cel\u00fd obr\u00e1zok znovu prekres\u013eoval.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"The Animation Process From 1938\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/M2ORkIrHUbg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div id=\"tw-target-text-container\" class=\"tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl\">\n<p id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" dir=\"ltr\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"sk\">Ako sa zvy\u0161oval <strong>v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fd v\u00fdkon po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov<\/strong> a narastala zlo\u017eitos\u0165 grafick\u00e9ho softv\u00e9ru, anim\u00e1cie sa st\u00e1vali komplexnej\u0161\u00edmi a tradi\u010dn\u00ed umelci im u\u017e nemohli konkurova\u0165. Jedn\u00fdm z prv\u00fdch popul\u00e1rnych krokov v CGI bolo\u00a0 vytvorenie<strong> GIF (The Graphics Interchange Format)<\/strong> na konci 90. rokov 20. storo\u010dia . GIF je <strong>form\u00e1t pre obrazov\u00e9 statick\u00e9 aj animovan\u00e9 s\u00fabory<\/strong>. Sp\u00e1ja s\u00e9riu statick\u00fdch obr\u00e1zkov, ktor\u00e9 postupuj\u00fa od sn\u00edmky k sn\u00edmke v nastavenom \u010dasovom intervale a vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa <strong>kr\u00e1tky pohybliv\u00fd sn\u00edmok<\/strong>.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"tw-target-rmn-container\" class=\"tw-target-rmn tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl\">\n<div style=\"width: 600px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('video');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-7109-1\" width=\"600\" height=\"480\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/www.unitedlife.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/FastFrailDrever-mobile.mp4?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unitedlife.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/FastFrailDrever-mobile.mp4\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.unitedlife.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/FastFrailDrever-mobile.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<div id=\"tw-target-text-container\" class=\"tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl\">\n<p id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" dir=\"ltr\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"sk\">Prv\u00fdm filmom, ktor\u00fd pou\u017eil CGI, bol film Vertigo\u00a0 od Alfreda Hitchcocka (1958). O nieko\u013eko rokov, v roku 1973 vo filme Westworld bola op\u00e4\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e1 CGI anim\u00e1cia po\u010das<strong> \u201eGunslingerovej\u201c v\u00edzie<\/strong>, interpret\u00e1cie toho, ako mohli vidie\u0165 roboti. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" dir=\"ltr\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"sk\">V <strong>90. rokoch<\/strong> prudk\u00fd rozvoj po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov umo\u017enil majstrom CGI skuto\u010dne r\u00e1s\u0165. Po\u010das tohoto desa\u0165ro\u010dia bolo vydan\u00fdch ve\u013ea prelomov\u00fdch filmov, ako napr\u00edklad <strong>Termin\u00e1tor II(1991), The Lammmower Man (1992), Toy Story (1995), Star Wars Special Editions a samozrejme Matrix (1999)<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"tw-target-rmn-container\" class=\"tw-target-rmn tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl\">\n<div id=\"tw-target-text-container\" class=\"tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl\">\n<p id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" dir=\"ltr\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"sk\">CGI sa v dne\u0161nej dobe pou\u017e\u00edva takmer st\u00e1le, preto\u017ee je \u010dasto <strong>lacnej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e fyzick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy<\/strong>. Nahradzuje vytv\u00e1ranie prepracovan\u00fdch miniat\u00far a platenie mno\u017estva komparzistov pre davov\u00e9 sc\u00e9ny. Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa v\u0161ak pou\u017e\u00edva pre pr\u00edpady, ke\u010f je sc\u00e9na <strong>pr\u00edli\u0161 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 alebo \u013eudsky neuskuto\u010dnite\u013en\u00e1<\/strong>. CGI za\u010d\u00edna by\u0165 skuto\u010dne vzru\u0161uj\u00face, ke\u010f s\u00fa po\u010d\u00edta\u010dom generovan\u00e9 sn\u00edmky<strong> vrstven\u00e9 do digit\u00e1lnych filmov\u00fdch z\u00e1berov<\/strong> technikou zn\u00e1mou ako <strong>zelen\u00e1 obrazovka<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Amazing Before &amp; After Hollywood VFX - Part 1\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JIbbYl77GxM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3 data-placeholder=\"Preklad\">V\u0161ade okolo n\u00e1s<\/h3>\n<div id=\"tw-target-text-container\" class=\"tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl\">\n<p id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" dir=\"ltr\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"sk\">CGI je doslova v\u0161ade okolo n\u00e1s. Ide o glob\u00e1lny priemysel v <strong>hodnote nieko\u013ek\u00fdch mili\u00e1rd dol\u00e1rov<\/strong>. Niekedy je to zrejm\u00e9 u\u017e na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead, napr\u00edklad vo filmoch, v telev\u00edznych rel\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, reklam\u00e1ch a videohr\u00e1ch. Okrem toho sa jeho vyu\u017eitie vyskytuje v <strong>architekt\u00fare a medic\u00edne.<\/strong> V medic\u00edne sl\u00fa\u017ei hlavne na d\u00f4kladn\u00e9 vizualiz\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa vytvorenie doned\u00e1vna nemo\u017en\u00fdch zobrazen\u00ed. Po\u010dn\u00fac detailn\u00fdmi ilustr\u00e1ciami zdravotn\u00edckych pom\u00f4cok, vizualiz\u00e1ciami cel\u00e9ho radu komplexn\u00fdch grafick\u00fdch konceptov a\u017e po vykreslenie d\u00f4myseln\u00fdch prototypov. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" dir=\"ltr\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"sk\"><strong>Dostupnos\u0165 softv\u00e9ru CGI<\/strong> a st\u00e1le rast\u00faci v\u00fdkon dom\u00e1cich po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov umo\u017enil mnoh\u00fdm jednotlivcom a mal\u00fdm spolo\u010dnostiam vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 filmy a digit\u00e1lne umenie v neuverite\u013enej kvalite aj bez pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho vzdelania.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" data-placeholder=\"Preklad\">Pre m\u0148a osobne najzauj\u00edmavej\u0161ou \u010das\u0165ou cel\u00e9ho CGI je <strong>vytv\u00e1ranie rekon\u0161trukcii historick\u00fdch post\u00e1v<\/strong> and <strong>vyhynut\u00fdch zvierat<\/strong>, z dostupn\u00fdch artefaktov. Na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach je mno\u017estvo umelcov, ktor\u00ed sa tomu venuj\u00fa a vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa vskutku zauj\u00edmav\u00fd materi\u00e1l nielen pre z\u00e1bavu ale aj pre u\u010denie.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">I love sifting through cgi facial reconstruction images of historical figures- important and civilian. It\u2019s so fascinating <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/AlexanderTheGreat?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">#AlexanderTheGreat<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/ancientgreece?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">#ancientgreece<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Greece?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">#Greece<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/History?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">#History<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/77adb1kIiq\" rel=\"nofollow\">pic.twitter.com\/77adb1kIiq<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; CadmusUK (@CadmusUk) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/CadmusUk\/status\/1357449811121823747?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">February 4, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<div id=\"tw-target-text-container\" class=\"tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl\">\n<div id=\"tw-target-rmn-container\" class=\"tw-target-rmn tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl\">\n<pre id=\"tw-target-rmn\" class=\"tw-data-placeholder tw-text-small tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"\"><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"tw-target-rmn-container\" class=\"tw-target-rmn tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl\">\n<pre id=\"tw-target-rmn\" class=\"tw-data-placeholder tw-text-small tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"\"><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tituln\u00e1 fotografia: CGI (computer generated imagery) s\u00fa po\u010d\u00edta\u010dom generovan\u00e9 sn\u00edmky, p\u00f4sobia \u010dastokr\u00e1t ako skuto\u010dn\u00e1 realita (Ilustra\u010dn\u00fd obr\u00e1zok: Phil Shaw) Kinematografia sa od svojho vzniku na<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7109","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7109","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7109"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7109\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7109"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7109"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}