{"id":7132,"date":"2021-08-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-08-29T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/aktualne-spinavy-vzduch-nenici-len-pluca-vplyva-aj-na-dusevne-zdravie\/"},"modified":"2021-08-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-08-29T23:00:00","slug":"aktualne-spinavy-vzduch-nenici-len-pluca-vplyva-aj-na-dusevne-zdravie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/aktualne-spinavy-vzduch-nenici-len-pluca-vplyva-aj-na-dusevne-zdravie\/","title":{"rendered":"Aktu\u00e1lne: \u0160pinav\u00fd vzduch neni\u010d\u00ed len p\u013e\u00faca, vpl\u00fdva aj na du\u0161evn\u00e9 zdravie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Psychick\u00e9 poruchy a\u00a0ochorenia tr\u00e1pia v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnej dobe \u010doraz viac \u013eud\u00ed. V roku 2017 trpel <strong>ka\u017ed\u00fd deviaty Slov\u00e1k jednou alebo viacer\u00fdmi du\u0161evn\u00fdmi poruchami. <\/strong>Depresia, \u00fazkos\u0165 a podr\u00e1\u017edenos\u0165 sa st\u00e1vaj\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou \u017eivota mnoh\u00fdch mlad\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, det\u00ed, dospel\u00fdch aj seniorov.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u010co je na vine? <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>D\u00f4vodov pre\u010do du\u0161evn\u00e9 ochorenie vznikne je viacero. Pod\u013ea Centra pre kontrolu a\u00a0prevenciu chor\u00f4b to m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 traumatick\u00e1 udalos\u0165 alebo chronick\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. Probl\u00e9mom m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 aj chemick\u00e1 nerovnov\u00e1ha v mozgu, u\u017e\u00edvanie alkoholu a drog alebo pocit <strong>izol\u00e1cie a osamelosti. <\/strong>\u00a0Av\u0161ak aj <strong>zne\u010disten\u00fd vzduch<\/strong> m\u00f4\u017ee <strong>zvy\u0161ova\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017enos\u0165 psychick\u00fdch chor\u00f4b. <\/strong>Dokazuje to nov\u00e1 komplexn\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia publikovan\u00e1 v\u00a0\u010dasopise The British Journal of Psychiatry.<\/p>\n<p>To, \u017ee m\u00e1 \u0161pinav\u00fd zne\u010disten\u00fd vzduch <strong>devasta\u010dn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok na \u013eudsk\u00e9 p\u013e\u00faca<\/strong>, je zn\u00e1me u\u017e nieko\u013eko rokov. Av\u0161ak \u00fa\u010dinky zne\u010disten\u00e9ho ovzdu\u0161ia na zdravie \u010dlovek m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pod\u013ea vedcov z\u00e1va\u017enej\u0161ie. Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky priniesol britsk\u00fd v\u00fdskum, ktor\u00e9ho sa z\u00fa\u010dastnilo viac ne\u017e 13\u00a0000 obyvate\u013eov Lond\u00fdna. T\u00edm vedcov sledoval pacientov od ich prv\u00e9ho kontaktu s\u00a0ambulanciami psychiatrov a\u00a0psychol\u00f3gov a\u00a0porovnal ich s\u00a0mierou zne\u010distenia ovzdu\u0161ia v\u00a0ich bydlisku.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Glob\u00e1lna hrozba<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>V\u00fdskumn\u00edci zistili, \u017ee len relat\u00edvne mal\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161enie <strong>oxidu dusi\u010dit\u00e9ho<\/strong> (15 \u00b5g\/m) viedlo k\u00a0<strong>nav\u00fd\u0161eniu rizika potreby komunitnej lie\u010dby o\u00a032%<\/strong> a k\u00a0<strong>osemn\u00e1s\u0165 percentn\u00e9mu<\/strong> <strong>zv\u00fd\u0161eniu rizika prijatia do nemocnice<\/strong>. Spojenie bolo najsilnej\u0161ie pre oxid dusi\u010dit\u00fd, ktor\u00fd do zna\u010dnej miery produkuj\u00fa <strong>vozidl\u00e1 s naftov\u00fdm motorom<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00favislos\u0165 medzi zne\u010disten\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00edm a zhor\u0161en\u00fdm psychick\u00fdm stavom bola zrejm\u00e1 aj po siedmich rokoch od prv\u00e9ho vy\u0161etrenia, kedy boli \u00fadaje pacientov op\u00e4tovne vyhodnoten\u00e9. \u0160t\u00fadia d\u00e1va zmysel aj z biologick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska, ke\u010f\u017ee o l\u00e1tkach zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich ovzdu\u0161ie je zn\u00e1me, \u017ee maj\u00fa <strong>siln\u00e9 z\u00e1palov\u00e9 vlastnosti. <\/strong>Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve z\u00e1pal sp\u00f4sobuje du\u0161evn\u00e9 a\u00a0n\u00e1ladov\u00e9 poruchy.<\/p>\n<p>Hoci na dok\u00e1zanie pr\u00ed\u010dinnej s\u00favislosti medzi zne\u010disten\u00fdm ovzdu\u0161\u00edm a\u00a0z\u00e1va\u017enos\u0165ou psychick\u00fdch chor\u00f4b bude potrebn\u00e9 e\u0161te d\u00f4kladnej\u0161ie experiment\u00e1lne b\u00e1danie, v\u00fdsledky \u0161t\u00fadie s\u00fa vo viacer\u00fdch smeroch prelomov\u00e9. Zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm zne\u010distenia ovzdu\u0161ia by sa situ\u00e1cia mohla zlep\u0161i\u0165 vo viacer\u00fdch mest\u00e1ch rozvinut\u00fdch kraj\u00edn.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ni\u017e\u0161ie emisie, ni\u017e\u0161ie n\u00e1klady na zdravotn\u00fa starostlivos\u0165?<\/strong><\/h3>\n Du\u0161evn\u00e9 poruchy vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa len na Slovensku n\u00e1klady vo v\u00fd\u0161ke viac ne\u017e dve miliardy eur ro\u010dne a postihuj\u00fa predov\u0161etk\u00fdm \u013eud\u00ed v produkt\u00edvnom veku. Zdroj obr\u00e1zka: pexels.com\n<p>Vedci odhadli, \u017ee zn\u00ed\u017eenie vystavenia britsk\u00e9ho mestsk\u00e9ho obyvate\u013estva zne\u010disteniu mal\u00fdmi \u010dasticami len o nieko\u013eko jednotiek na ro\u010dn\u00fd limit Svetovej zdravotn\u00edckej organiz\u00e1cie by mohlo <strong>vylep\u0161i\u0165 progn\u00f3zy du\u0161evn\u00e9ho zdravia<\/strong> and <strong>zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 n\u00e1klady na zdravotn\u00fa starostlivos\u0165<\/strong>. Svetov\u00e1 banka toti\u017e odhaduje, \u017ee zne\u010distenie ovzdu\u0161ia stoj\u00ed glob\u00e1lnu ekonomiku 5 mili\u00e1rd dol\u00e1rov ro\u010dne. Av\u0161ak toto \u010d\u00edslo zah\u0155\u0148a iba dobre zn\u00e1me po\u0161kodenia srdca a p\u013e\u00fac.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eHodnotenia n\u00e1kladov v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti ber\u00fa do \u00favahy iba <strong>fyzick\u00e9 zdravie<\/strong>, ale vid\u00edme viac \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 preukazuj\u00fa s\u00favislosti s du\u0161evn\u00fdm zdrav\u00edm,&#8220; pre The Guardian sa vyjadrila \u010dlenka v\u00fdskumn\u00e9ho t\u00edmu Joanne Newbury z University of Bristol.<\/p>\n<p>Joanne Newbury dod\u00e1va: \u201eMysl\u00edme si, \u017ee je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 zahrn\u00fa\u0165 tam aj tieto \u0161t\u00fadie, preto\u017ee by to mohlo zav\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 a\u00a0jasnej\u0161ie uk\u00e1za\u0165, \u017ee invest\u00edcie do zni\u017eovania zne\u010distenia ovzdu\u0161ia s\u00fa z\u00a0h\u013eadiska n\u00e1kladov efekt\u00edvne.&#8220;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Du\u0161evn\u00e9 poruchy vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa len na Slovensku n\u00e1klady vo v\u00fd\u0161ke a\u017e 2,1 mld. eur ro\u010dne<\/strong>. T\u00fdm v\u00fdrazne predra\u017euj\u00fa zdravotn\u00fd a soci\u00e1lny syst\u00e9m a zni\u017euj\u00fa v\u00fdkonnos\u0165 ekonomiky. Vy\u0161e polovica \u013eud\u00ed s poruchou je v produkt\u00edvnom veku. \u013dudia s du\u0161evn\u00fdmi poruchami vo v\u00fdrazne vy\u0161\u0161ej miere trpia fyzick\u00fdmi ochoreniami, ktor\u00e9 ved\u00fa k odvr\u00e1tite\u013en\u00fdm \u00famrtiam.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0160pinav\u00e9 ovzdu\u0161ie m\u00f4\u017ee zni\u017eova\u0165 inteligenciu<\/strong><\/h3>\n Smog v \u010d\u00ednskom meste Shanghai obsahuje zdraviu \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u010dastice, ktor\u00e9 sa prirodzene vo vzduchu nenach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa. Do vzduchu sa dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa z v\u00fdfukov automobilov a z kom\u00ednov priemyseln\u00fdch tov\u00e1rn\u00ed. Mnoh\u00e9 mest\u00e1 sa tento probl\u00e9m sna\u017eia rie\u0161i\u0165 pr\u00e1ve redukciou automobilov v centr\u00e1ch metropol. Zdroj obr\u00e1zka: unsplash. com\n<p>Hoci bol lond\u00fdnsky v\u00fdskum jeden z najkomplexnej\u0161\u00edch, nebol jedin\u00fd, ktor\u00fd sa sna\u017eil n\u00e1js\u0165 s\u00favislosti medzi du\u0161evn\u00fdm zdrav\u00fdm a\u00a0zne\u010disten\u00fdm vzduchom. Aj \u010fal\u0161\u00ed britsk\u00fd v\u00fdskum ukazuje, \u017ee mal\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161enie zne\u010distenia ovzdu\u0161ia s\u00favis\u00ed s\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm <strong>n\u00e1rastom depresie, \u00fazkosti a\u00a0zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm po\u010dtom samovr\u00e1\u017ed<\/strong>. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 nazna\u010duje, \u017ee dospievanie v\u00a0zne\u010distenej oblasti zvy\u0161uje riziko psychick\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u010c\u00ednska \u0161t\u00fadia publikovan\u00e1 v\u00a0\u010dasopise Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences porovnala v\u00fdsledky aritmetick\u00fdch a\u00a0jazykov\u00fdch testov so z\u00e1znamami o zne\u010disten\u00ed oxidom dusi\u010dit\u00fdm a oxidom siri\u010dit\u00fdm. Zistili, \u017ee <strong>\u010d\u00edm dlh\u0161ie boli \u013eudia vystaven\u00ed \u0161pinav\u00e9mu vzduchu, t\u00fdm hor\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky dosiahli na inteligen\u010dn\u00fdch testoch<\/strong>. Uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee miera zne\u010distenia vzduchu mala v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed vplyv na jazykov\u00e9 schopnosti a\u00a0takisto viac ovplyvnila mu\u017eov ne\u017e \u017eeny.<\/p>\n<p>Hoci sa v\u00fdskum uskuto\u010dnil v\u00a0\u010c\u00edne, mo\u017eno poveda\u0165, \u017ee toxick\u00fd a\u00a0zne\u010disten\u00fd vzduch ovplyv\u0148uje myslenie a\u00a0vn\u00edmanie \u013eud\u00ed po celom svete. A\u017e 95% svetovej popul\u00e1cie toti\u017e d\u00fdcha zdraviu \u0161kodliv\u00fd vzduch.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Psychick\u00e9 poruchy a\u00a0ochorenia tr\u00e1pia v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnej dobe \u010doraz viac \u013eud\u00ed. V roku 2017 trpel ka\u017ed\u00fd deviaty Slov\u00e1k jednou alebo viacer\u00fdmi du\u0161evn\u00fdmi poruchami. Depresia, \u00fazkos\u0165 a podr\u00e1\u017edenos\u0165<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7132"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7132\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}