{"id":7234,"date":"2021-10-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-12T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/zabudnute-mesto-stratene-mesta-z-celeho-sveta\/"},"modified":"2021-10-13T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-10-12T23:00:00","slug":"zabudnute-mesto-stratene-mesta-z-celeho-sveta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/zabudnute-mesto-stratene-mesta-z-celeho-sveta\/","title":{"rendered":"Zabudnut\u00e9 mest\u00e1 z cel\u00e9ho sveta: pozrite si 5 z nich"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>Straten\u00e9 mest\u00e1<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Straten\u00e9 alebo zabudnut\u00e9 mesto mo\u017eno definova\u0165 ako <strong>osadu<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 upadla do zabudnutia a stala sa \u010diasto\u010dne, no v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou celkom neob\u00fdvate\u013enou. D\u00f4sledkom toho bolo prirodzene to, \u017ee cel\u00e1 lokalita spolo\u010dne s pamiatkami prestali by\u0165 zn\u00e1me \u0161ir\u0161iemu svetu. Spusto\u0161enie sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 vojnami, ale i prirodzen\u00fdm v\u00fdvojom postihlo mno\u017estvo pamiatok ak\u00fdmi s\u00fa napr\u00edklad opusten\u00e9 kostoly. Zabudnut\u00e9 rozpadnut\u00e9 mest\u00e1 objavili a\u017e archeol\u00f3govia o\u00a0tis\u00edcky rokov nesk\u00f4r. V\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti m\u00f4\u017eu niektor\u00e9 z\u00a0t\u00fdchto miest nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 aspo\u0148 turisti. \u010cakaj\u00fa na nich nepreb\u00e1dan\u00e9 relikvie, kult\u00fara a\u00a0hist\u00f3ria \u017eivota zaniknut\u00fdch civiliz\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>1. Pompeje, Taliansko<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Starovek\u00e9 r\u00edmske mesto v\u00a0regi\u00f3ne Kamp\u00e1nia, 23 km juhov\u00fdchodne od Neapola je \u00fazko sp\u00e4t\u00e9 s\u00a0pr\u00edbehmi o\u00a0v\u00fdbuchu sopky <strong>Vezuv<\/strong> z\u00a0roku 79 n. l. Pozostatky <strong>Pompej\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>Herculanea<\/strong> (antick\u00e9 mesto le\u017eiace pod Vezuvom) a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch bl\u00edzkych ded\u00edn ostali pochovan\u00e9 pod sope\u010dn\u00fdm popolom a pemzou. Budovy boli zni\u010den\u00e9, obyvate\u013estvo rozdrven\u00e9 \u010di udusen\u00e9 prikr\u00fdvkou popola. Hromada popola ale dokonale zachovala pozostatky a ke\u010f boli v roku 1700 objaven\u00e9, svet \u017easol nad n\u00e1jden\u00edm gr\u00e9cko-r\u00edmskeho mesta zamrznut\u00e9ho v \u010dase.<\/p>\n<p>Dnes s\u00fa znovuobjaven\u00e9 mest\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 ako archeologick\u00e1 lokalita. Ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e1 turistick\u00e1 destin\u00e1cia v\u00edta ka\u017edoro\u010dne pribli\u017ene <strong>2,6 mili\u00f3nov n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edkov<\/strong>, rovnako ako aj <strong>N\u00e1rodn\u00fd park Vezuv<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Zabudnut\u00e9 mesto Pompeje Zdroj:pixabay.com\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>2. Efez, Turecko<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Toto starovek\u00e9 gr\u00e9cke mesto ( na polostrove Mal\u00e1 \u00c1zia) le\u017e\u00ed na pobre\u017e\u00ed tureckej provincie Izmir na juhoz\u00e1pade dne\u0161n\u00e9ho Turecka. Po\u010das r\u00edmskej okup\u00e1cie v\u00a01 storo\u010d\u00ed p. n. l. ob\u00fdvalo mesto Efez <strong>viac ako 250\u00a0000 obyvate\u013eov<\/strong>, \u010do z\u00a0neho robilo jedno z\u00a0najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch miest v\u00a0Stredomor\u00ed. Ver\u00ed sa, \u017ee bolo opusten\u00e9 najm\u00e4 z dvoch d\u00f4vodov. Vo ve\u013emi kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase sa nieko\u013ekokr\u00e1t \u00a0menilo vedenie mesta a\u00a0druh\u00fdm krokom k\u00a0rozpadu bol z\u00e1nik kultov\u00fdch miest, ktor\u00e9 pri\u0165ahovali turistov. V\u00a0pr\u00edstave sa navy\u0161e hromadilo bahno, ktor\u00e9 br\u00e1nilo lodiam vypl\u00e1va\u0165 z\u00a0mesta, \u010do bolo n\u00e1sledkom zl\u00fdch obchodn\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov a jeho\u00a0n\u00edzkej atrakt\u00edvnosti. Turisti sa v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti m\u00f4\u017eu poprech\u00e1dza\u0165 po mramorov\u00fdch a\u00a0mozaikov\u00fdch chodn\u00edkoch \u2013 dotkn\u00fa\u0165 sa bohatej hist\u00f3rie mesta. N\u00e1jdu <strong>Hadri\u00e1nov chr\u00e1m<\/strong>, <strong>Ve\u013ek\u00e9 divadlo<\/strong>, <strong>Kostol Panny M\u00e1rie<\/strong> and\u00a0<strong>obchoden\u00e9 centrum mesta<\/strong>. Kedysi tu st\u00e1l aj <strong>Artemidin chr\u00e1m<\/strong> &#8211; z\u00e1zrak starovek\u00e9ho sveta a <strong>Celsova kni\u017enica<\/strong>, ktor\u00fa v meste n\u00e1jdeme dodnes.<\/p>\n Starovek\u00e9 mesto Efez Zdroj:sk.pinterest.com\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>3. Kart\u00e1go, Tunisko <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Kart\u00e1go, zalo\u017een\u00e9 n\u00e1morn\u00fdmi Feni\u010danmi v roku 760 p. n. l. sa nach\u00e1dza v teraj\u0161om Tunisku. Turistom pon\u00faka pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 rozsiahleho kult\u00farneho objavovania v z\u00e1padnom Stredomor\u00ed. Mesto bolo zni\u010den\u00e9 Rimanmi v 2. storo\u010d\u00ed p. n. l., ke\u010f ho v tom \u010dase ob\u00fdvalo odhadom pol mili\u00f3na obyvate\u013eov. Pozostatky z r\u00edmskej okup\u00e1cie v\u0161ak nevymizli, rovnako ako archeologick\u00e9 vykop\u00e1vky a mozaiky poch\u00e1dzaj\u00face z p\u00fanskych, byzantsk\u00fdch a vandalsk\u00fdch okup\u00e1ci\u00ed. Rimania mesto prestavali do v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho pr\u00edstavu, ktor\u00fd bol svojou rozlohou na druhom mieste za R\u00edmom. R\u00edmskeho p\u00f4vodu s\u00fa predov\u0161etk\u00fdm <strong>Anton\u00ednske k\u00fapele<\/strong> and\u00a0<strong>amfite\u00e1ter<\/strong>.<\/p>\n P\u00fanske a r\u00edmske ruiny v Kart\u00e1gu Zdroj:sk.pinterst.com\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>4. Petra, Jord\u00e1nsko\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Do ru\u017eova sfarben\u00e9 mesto Petra, lemovan\u00e9 mohutn\u00fdmi \u010derven\u00fdmi horami a rozsiahlymi mauz\u00f3leami, by mal \u010dlovek najsk\u00f4r spozna\u0165 na vlastn\u00e9 o\u010di. Petra bola vytesan\u00e1 z \u010d\u00edrej \u010dervenej skaly arabsk\u00fdmi Nabatejcami, ktor\u00ed toto mesto naz\u00fdvali domovom <strong>pred viac ako 2000 rokmi. <\/strong>Mesto prepojilo obchody s\u00a0<strong>hodv\u00e1bom a\u00a0koren\u00edm<\/strong> v \u010c\u00edne, Indii , Ju\u017enej Ar\u00e1bii, ale aj v Egypte, S\u00fdrii, Gr\u00e9cku \u010di R\u00edme. Po vstupe do mesta cez \u00fazku roklinu <strong>Siq <\/strong>(dlh\u00e11000 metrov) n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edk minie\u00a0 80 metrov vysok\u00e9 \u00fatesy (z oboch str\u00e1n), ktor\u00e9 ho okam\u017eite prived\u00fa k oslniv\u00fdm skal\u00e1m. Tieto skaly kedysi tvorili mesto <strong>Al-Khazneh (The Treasury)<\/strong>. Pri putovan\u00ed po kolon\u00e1dov\u00fdch uliciach je mo\u017en\u00e9 objavi\u0165 <strong>divadlo v\u00a0rom\u00e1nskom \u0161t\u00fdle<\/strong> s\u00a0kapacitou 3000 miest, mno\u017estvo <strong>obeliskov<\/strong> (\u0161tvorbok\u00fdch st\u013apov), <strong>chr\u00e1mov<\/strong> and\u00a0<strong>obetn\u00fdch olt\u00e1rov<\/strong>. Ku <strong>kl\u00e1\u0161toru Ad-Deir<\/strong> sa d\u00e1 dosta\u0165 po zdolan\u00ed 800 skalnat\u00fdch schodov.<\/p>\n Zabudnut\u00e9 mesto Petra v Jord\u00e1nsku Zdroj:pixabay.com\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>5. Kourion, Cyprus<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Mesto je najnav\u0161tevovanej\u0161ie hlavne pre svoje fotogenick\u00e9 a p\u00f4sobiv\u00e9 <strong>gr\u00e9cko-r\u00edmske divadlo<\/strong>. Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee Kourion bolo postaven\u00e9 v\u00a02. storo\u010d\u00ed p. n. l. N\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edci m\u00f4\u017eu obdivova\u0165 kompletne zrekon\u0161truovan\u00e9 divadlo, dokonca \u00eds\u0165 na modern\u00e9 hudobn\u00e9 \u010di divadeln\u00e9 predstavenie. K\u00a0\u010fal\u0161\u00edm pokladom patr\u00ed <strong>Dom Eustolios<\/strong>, v\u00a0minulosti r\u00edmska vila a\u00a0k\u00fape\u013en\u00fd dom, ale aj <strong>ranokres\u0165ansk\u00e1 bazilika<\/strong> \u2013 obe postaven\u00e9 v\u00a05. storo\u010d\u00ed n. l. Zn\u00e1my je <strong>Achillov Dom<\/strong>, <strong>Dom Gladi\u00e1torov<\/strong> and\u00a0<strong>Nymfeum<\/strong> (jasky\u0148a s\u00a0prame\u0148om zasv\u00e4ten\u00e1 nymf\u00e1m) \u2013 elegantn\u00e9 r\u00edmske stavby s\u00a0mozaikov\u00fdmi podlahami. Mesto zasiahlo p\u00e4\u0165 siln\u00fdch zemetrasen\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobili zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161kody a\u00a0vy\u017eiadali si jeho prestavbu. V\u00a07. storo\u010d\u00ed Kourion vyplienili arabsk\u00ed jazdci, aj ke\u010f neexistuj\u00fa presn\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy o\u00a0tom \u010di mesto podp\u00e1lili a\u00a0zni\u010dili. V\u00a0skuto\u010dnosti dodnes nie je zn\u00e1my prav\u00fd d\u00f4vod toho, pre\u010do bolo zabudnut\u00e9 mesto opusten\u00e9.<\/p>\n Starovek\u00e9 divadlo v Kourione Zdroj:sk.pinterest.com\n<p>Zdroje: www.roughguides.com , www.mapquest.com , www.britannica.com<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj titulnej fotografie: www.pixabay.com<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Straten\u00e9 mest\u00e1 Straten\u00e9 alebo zabudnut\u00e9 mesto mo\u017eno definova\u0165 ako osadu, ktor\u00e1 upadla do zabudnutia a stala sa \u010diasto\u010dne, no v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou celkom neob\u00fdvate\u013enou. D\u00f4sledkom toho bolo<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7234","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7234","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7234"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7234\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7234"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7234"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}