M\u0155tvych oslavovali u\u017e starovek\u00e9 n\u00e1rody kme\u0148a Nahua<\/strong> – \u00a0Azt\u00e9kovia<\/strong> \u010di Tolt\u00e9kovia. Z\u00e1merne sa spom\u00edna oslava, preto\u017ee sm\u00fatenie za m\u0155tvymi pova\u017eovali za ne\u00factiv\u00e9<\/strong>, smr\u0165 bola prirodzenou f\u00e1zou v \u017eivote \u010dloveka. Zosnul\u00ed boli st\u00e1le \u010dlenmi spolo\u010dnosti, udr\u017eiavan\u00ed na\u017eive prostredn\u00edctvom spomienok. Po\u010das D\u00eda de los Muertos<\/strong> sa do\u010dasne vr\u00e1tili na Zem. Pr\u00edbuzn\u00ed pre nich nachystali jedlo a osobn\u00e9 predmety, aby sa k nim zosnul\u00ed pridali.<\/p>\n P\u00e1r pripraven\u00fd sl\u00e1vi\u0165 D\u00eda de los Muertos. zdroje: pexels.com\n Dvojd\u0148ov\u00e9 oslavy za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa 1. novembra o\u00a0polnoci.<\/strong> Prv\u00fdch 24 hod\u00edn je venovan\u00fdch t\u00fdm najmen\u0161\u00edm. Na De\u0148 mal\u00fdch anjelov (D\u00eda de los Angelitos)<\/strong> zostavia rodiny olt\u00e1r (Ofrenda)<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd je pokryt\u00fd r\u00f4znym ob\u010derstven\u00edm, sladkos\u0165ami a\u00a0ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdmi hra\u010dkami. Druh\u00fd November u\u017e patr\u00ed D\u0148u dospel\u00fdch du\u0161\u00ed ( D\u00eda de los Difuntos)<\/strong>, po\u010das ktor\u00e9ho bl\u00edzki hraj\u00fa spolu hry alebo tancuj\u00fa, k\u00fdm kapela chod\u00ed po meste a hr\u00e1 tradi\u010dn\u00e9 piesne. Od obeda je De\u0148 smrti (D\u00eda de los Muertos)<\/strong> verejnou oslavou v\u00a0mexick\u00fdch mest\u00e1ch. \u013dudia pochoduj\u00fa v sprievodoch, na tv\u00e1rach maj\u00fa nama\u013eovan\u00e9 lebky a\u00a0nav\u0161tevuj\u00fa hroby, ktor\u00e9 o\u010distia a\u00a0ozdobia kvetmi.<\/p>\n V roku 2008 UNESCO uznalo d\u00f4le\u017eitos\u0165 D\u00eda de los Muertos<\/strong> pridan\u00edm tohto sviatku do zoznamu nehmotn\u00e9ho kult\u00farneho dedi\u010dstva. Dnes Mexi\u010dania zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch a etnick\u00fdch prostred\u00ed oslavuj\u00fa za\u010diatok novembra tak, ako kedysi ich domorod\u00ed predkovia. Najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ou trad\u00edciou je skladanie spom\u00ednanej Ofrendy, na ktorej m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dlovek n\u00e1js\u0165 zbierku darov venovan\u00fdch zosnulej osobe.<\/strong> Pestrofarebn\u00fd obrus pokr\u00fdva st\u00f4l a na vrchu s\u00fa fotografie a osobn\u00e9 predmety neboh\u00e9ho. Na spodn\u00fa \u010das\u0165 olt\u00e1ra sa umiest\u0148uj\u00fa jedl\u00e1 tradi\u010dnej mexickej kuchyne.<\/strong> Pokia\u013e ide o dospel\u00e9ho, prid\u00e1va sa aj tequila, aby si s bl\u00edzkymi mohol pripi\u0165, ke\u010f ich nav\u0161t\u00edvi.<\/p>\n Kvety aksamietnice sa vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa aj ako girlandy. zdroj: unsplash.com\n \u017diarivos\u0165 a\u00a0farebnos\u0165 cel\u00e9ho sviatku podtrhuje aj tradi\u010dn\u00e1 rastlina, ktor\u00e1 sa kladie na hroby. Aksamietnicu naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa Mexi\u010dania Flor de Muertos <\/strong>(Kvet m\u0155tvych), preto\u017ee sa ver\u00ed, \u017ee ke\u010f \u0148ou pokryj\u00fa miesto posledn\u00e9ho odpo\u010dinku, zavedie du\u0161e k\u00a0olt\u00e1rom. \u017dltooran\u017eov\u00e1 farba a\u00a0intenz\u00edvna v\u00f4\u0148a kvetu symbolizuje kr\u00e1su a\u00a0krehkos\u0165 \u017eivota.<\/strong> Kvety aksamietnice rast\u00fa priamo v\u00a0strednej a\u00a0ju\u017enej Amerike, existuje pribli\u017ene 60 druhov, ktor\u00e9 sa od seba farebne odli\u0161uj\u00fa.<\/p>\n Charakteristick\u00e9 s\u00fa aj aj usmievav\u00e9 lebky<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 si na tv\u00e1r ma\u013euj\u00fa deti aj dospel\u00ed. Obr\u00e1zky a\u00a0podobizne takzvanej La Catriny<\/strong> je mo\u017en\u00e9 vidie\u0165 po\u010das dvojd\u0148ov\u00fdch osl\u00e1v, av\u0161ak nie je p\u00f4vodnou tv\u00e1rou D\u00eda de Los Muertos. Mict\u0113cacihu\u0101tl \u2013 kr\u00e1\u013eovn\u00e1 azt\u00e9ckeho podsvetia<\/strong> Chicuna Mictlan bola \u00fastrednou postavou pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kto odi\u0161iel na druh\u00fd svet. La Catrina <\/strong>bola vytvoren\u00e1 mexick\u00fdm ilustr\u00e1torom Jose Guadalupe Posadom<\/strong> v roku 1910 ako odkaz na bohat\u00fdch a\u00a0ich posadnutos\u0165 eur\u00f3pskymi zvykmi. Meno Catrina poch\u00e1dza zo slangu „catrin“, v preklade dobre oble\u010den\u00fd mu\u017e alebo \u017eena<\/strong>.<\/p>\n \u010co by to bolo za oslavy, keby sa nepripravovali jedl\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 pote\u0161ia oko a\u00a0hlavne \u017eal\u00fadok. Lebky (Calaveras)<\/strong> s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 nielen na tv\u00e1rach a\u00a0dekor\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, ale svoje miesto si na\u0161li aj v\u00a0sl\u00e1vnostnom jed\u00e1lni\u010dku. Mal\u00e9 cukrov\u00e9 kol\u00e1\u010diky s\u00fa zdoben\u00e9 a\u00a0formovan\u00e9 do tvaru lebky<\/strong>, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou je na nich nap\u00edsan\u00e9 meno zosnul\u00e9ho pr\u00edbuzn\u00e9ho. Kvety aksamietnice s\u00fa jedl\u00e9 a takisto zakomponovan\u00e9 do mexickej kuchyne. Ke\u010f sa ich zop\u00e1r prid\u00e1 do cesta na tortilly, vytvoria kr\u00e1snu ozdobu, ktor\u00e1 v\u0161ak na tanieri dlho neostane. Takisto sa v\u00fd\u0165a\u017eok z rastliny m\u00f4\u017ee prida\u0165 k procesu v\u00fdroby tequily.<\/strong><\/p>\n Tradi\u010dn\u00fd mexick\u00fd chlieb umiestnen\u00fd na olt\u00e1ri pre zosnul\u00fdch. zdroj: pinterest.com\n Pan de muerto<\/strong> je chlieb, ktor\u00fd je umiestnen\u00fd v\u00a0ko\u0161\u00edku polo\u017eenom na olt\u00e1ri. Jeho \u00falohou je nak\u0155mi\u0165 m\u0155tvych, ke\u010f sa vr\u00e1tia do krajiny \u017eiv\u00fdch. \u00a0M\u00e1 svoju tradi\u010dn\u00fa sladk\u00fa chu\u0165, ktor\u00e1 poch\u00e1dza nielen z cukru, ale aj z esencie an\u00edzu a pomaran\u010dov\u00fdch kvetov. Pe\u010divo je kruhov\u00e9 a\u00a0na vrchu je zdoben\u00e9 cestom sformovan\u00fdm do ty\u010diniek tak, aby pripom\u00ednalo kosti.<\/strong> Mexi\u010dania si ho radi daj\u00fa s hor\u00facou \u010dokol\u00e1dou alebo k\u00e1vou.<\/p>\n S\u00fdtym jedlom s\u00fa chrumkav\u00e9 kuracie prsia pod\u00e1van\u00e9 s\u00a0Mole negro <\/strong>om\u00e1\u010dkou. Jej tmav\u00e1 konzistencia pozost\u00e1va \u010dokol\u00e1dy, chilli<\/strong> a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edsad. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 rodina dod\u00e1va om\u00e1\u010dke vlastn\u00fd \u0161mrnc a recept sa \u010dasto ded\u00ed z gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu. Presne t\u00e1 rodinn\u00e1 esencia je to, \u010do rob\u00ed Dia de los Muertos roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fdm, no z\u00e1rove\u0148 osobn\u00fdm sviatkom. \u017div\u00ed sa stret\u00e1vaj\u00fa s m\u0155tvymi aspo\u0148 v tento \u010das a s\u00fa radi, \u017ee maj\u00fa spomienky, jedlo a pitie, ktor\u00e9 ich pote\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n Sources: www.dayofthedead.holiday, www.growingupbilingual.com, www.nationalgeographic.com<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Dvojd\u0148ov\u00e9 oslavy M\u0155tvych oslavovali u\u017e starovek\u00e9 n\u00e1rody kme\u0148a Nahua – \u00a0Azt\u00e9kovia \u010di Tolt\u00e9kovia. Z\u00e1merne sa spom\u00edna oslava, preto\u017ee sm\u00fatenie za m\u0155tvymi pova\u017eovali za ne\u00factiv\u00e9, smr\u0165<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7274","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7274"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7274\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Dodr\u017eiavanie trad\u00edci\u00ed<\/h3>\n
Typick\u00e9 jedl\u00e1 po\u010das D\u00eda de los Muertos<\/h3>\n