Ortu\u0165 je l\u00e1tka, ktor\u00e1 sa v\u00a0prirodzenom stave nach\u00e1dza na Zemi, ale vyr\u00e1ba sa aj pre lek\u00e1rske a\u00a0priemyseln\u00e9 odvetvie. V\u00a0na\u0161om prostred\u00ed je pr\u00edtomn\u00e1 v\u00a0troch form\u00e1ch. Element\u00e1rny kov sa nach\u00e1dza v\u00a0ortu\u0165ov\u00fdch teplomeroch a\u00a0niektor\u00fdch zubn\u00fdch v\u00fdplniach. Ako anorganick\u00e1 zl\u00fa\u010denina ju n\u00e1jdeme v\u00a0uhl\u00ed a\u00a0uvo\u013e\u0148uje sa pri jeho spa\u013eovan\u00ed. Vo vode sa vplyvom bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed men\u00ed na organick\u00fa zl\u00fa\u010deninu (metylortu\u0165)<\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0t\u00e1 sa dost\u00e1va do r\u00fdb.<\/p>\n Tekut\u00e1 ortu\u0165 nepresiakne cez povrch, ale vytvor\u00ed na \u0148om ploch\u00fd plie\u0161ok. zdroj:www. pinterest.com\n Konzum\u00e1cia r\u00fdb napriek tomu nie je probl\u00e9mom, ale existuje p\u00e1r v\u00fdnimiek.<\/strong> V\u00a0\u0161t\u00e1te Vikt\u00f3ria (Austr\u00e1lia) m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 niektor\u00e9 sladkovodn\u00e9 druhy r\u00fdb vy\u0161\u0161iu hladinu ortuti. Je to pr\u00e1ve kv\u00f4li \u0165a\u017ebe zlata, ktor\u00e9 je roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9 takmer v\u00a0celej krajine. Napr\u00edklad aj v\u00a0meste Gouldbur sa zv\u00fd\u0161ila hladina ortuti v sedimente koryta riek nato\u013eko, \u017ee ve\u013ek\u00e9 pstruhy poto\u010dn\u00e9 a\u00a0\u010dervenoplutv\u00e9 sa tie\u017e zara\u010fuj\u00fa medzi rizikov\u00fa skupinu r\u00fdb na spotrebu.<\/p>\n Nadmern\u00e9 prij\u00edmanie tejto l\u00e1tky m\u00f4\u017ee vyvola\u0165 u\u00a0\u010dloveka rozsiahle zdravotn\u00e9 komplik\u00e1cie<\/strong>. Vysok\u00e9 koncentr\u00e1cie ortu\u0165ov\u00fdch p\u00e1r m\u00f4\u017eu r\u00fdchlo sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 v\u00e1\u017ene po\u0161kodenie p\u013e\u00fac.<\/strong> Pri konzum\u00e1cii ve\u013ek\u00e9ho mno\u017estva r\u00fdb alebo m\u00e4kk\u00fd\u0161ov m\u00f4\u017eu niektor\u00e9 anorganick\u00e9 zl\u00fa\u010deniny ortuti dr\u00e1\u017edi\u0165 tr\u00e1viaci syst\u00e9m.<\/strong> Pod\u013ea Svetovej zdravotn\u00edckej organiz\u00e1cie (WHO)<\/strong> je ortu\u0165 jednou z desiatich hlavn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok, ktor\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u201eve\u013ek\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 obavy\u201c.<\/p>\n Ned\u00e1vna \u0161t\u00fadia na\u0161la najskor\u0161\u00ed d\u00f4kaz otravy ortu\u0165ou v 5000-ro\u010dn\u00fdch kostiach \u013eud\u00ed.<\/strong> V\u00fdsledok priniesla dlhodob\u00e1 anal\u00fdza pozostatkov z\u00a023 r\u00f4znych archeologick\u00fdch miest, preva\u017ene i\u0161lo o\u00a0\u0161panielske a\u00a0portugalsk\u00e9 jaskyne. Dokopy sk\u00famali 370 jedincov, ktor\u00ed \u017eili v\u00a05000-ro\u010dnom \u010dasovom rozp\u00e4t\u00ed.<\/p>\n Anal\u00fdza niektor\u00fdch kost\u00ed, najm\u00e4 ramennej kosti, ramennej kosti medzi ramenom a lak\u0165om, odhalila nezvy\u010dajne vysok\u00e9 hladiny ortuti, hladiny, ktor\u00e9 by neboli sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 stravou alebo rozkladom po smrti. Rozli\u010dn\u00fdm testom sa podrobili najm\u00e4 ramenn\u00e9 kosti. Tie odhalili nato\u013eko vysok\u00e9 hladiny ortuti, \u017ee sa nedaj\u00fa pova\u017eova\u0165 za n\u00e1sledok stravy alebo rozkladu.<\/p>\n Nezvy\u010dajne vysok\u00e9 hladiny ortuti boli pod\u013ea vedcov sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 sulfidom ortu\u0165nat\u00fdm, ktor\u00fd sa nach\u00e1dza v cinabarite.<\/strong> Toto tvrdenie je podporen\u00e9 aj faktom, \u017ee jedna z\u00a0najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch ban\u00ed na \u0165a\u017ebu miner\u00e1lu sa nach\u00e1dza pr\u00e1ve v\u00a0\u0161panielskom Almad\u00e9ne<\/strong>. \u010eal\u0161ie lo\u017eisk\u00e1 s\u00fa v\u00a0oblastiach Peru (Huancavelica , Talianska (Iudrio) alebo Kalifornie.<\/p>\n Nerast cinabarit. zdroj: www.pinterest.com\n Cinabarit vznik\u00e1 zr\u00e1\u017ean\u00edm st\u00fapaj\u00facich hor\u00facich v\u00f4d a p\u00e1r, ktor\u00e9 sa pohybuj\u00fa cez rozbit\u00e9 horniny. Tvor\u00ed sa v h\u013abkach, kde s\u00fa teploty ni\u017e\u0161ie ako 200 stup\u0148ov Celzia. Zvy\u010dajne sa utv\u00e1ra v hornin\u00e1ch obklopuj\u00facich ned\u00e1vnu sope\u010dn\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165, ale m\u00f4\u017eeme ho n\u00e1js\u0165 aj v bl\u00edzkosti hor\u00facich prame\u0148ov.<\/p>\n Nerast sa pou\u017e\u00edva najmenej 2000 rokov ako zlo\u017eka liekov v \u010d\u00ednskej a indickej ajurv\u00e9dskej medic\u00edne. Hoci m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 ur\u010dit\u00fd priazniv\u00fd vplyv na niektor\u00e9 choroby, u\u017e\u00edvanie produktov, ktor\u00e9 ho obsahuj\u00fa, sp\u00f4sobuje toxick\u00e9 po\u0161kodenie obli\u010diek, mozgu, pe\u010dene, reproduk\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a in\u00fdch org\u00e1nov.<\/strong><\/p>\n Pod\u013ea doteraz zisten\u00fdch \u00fadajov za\u010dali \u013eudia s \u0165a\u017ebou cinabaritu v obdob\u00ed neolitu<\/strong>, \u010di\u017ee pribli\u017ene pred 7000 rokmi. Najvy\u0161\u0161ie hladiny ortuti boli nameran\u00e9 v\u00a0kostiach z\u00a0doby 2900 a\u017e 2300 rokov pred Kristom<\/strong>, respekt\u00edve od neskor\u00e9ho neolitu do strednej doby medenej (\u010do bol prechod medzi neolitom a dobou bronzovou).<\/p>\n Toxick\u00fd miner\u00e1l, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd aj rumelka vynik\u00e1 svojou jasno\u010dervenou farbou.<\/strong> V\u00a0minulosti sa po rozdrven\u00ed na jemn\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161ok pou\u017e\u00edval na v\u00fdrobu pigmentov.<\/strong> Zdobili sa n\u00edm \u0161perky alebo sa prid\u00e1val do farieb, ktor\u00e9 sa vyu\u017e\u00edvali na n\u00e1stenn\u00e9 ma\u013eby alebo zdobenie so\u0161iek. V hrobk\u00e1ch z tohto obdobia, ktor\u00e9 sa na\u0161li v ju\u017enom Portugalsku a\u00a0Andal\u00fazii lemovali \u010derven\u00e9 ma\u013eby cel\u00fd priestor. Preto je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00a0t\u00fdchto priestoroch sa \u013eudia zdr\u017eiavali aj po\u010das sl\u00e1vnostn\u00fdch obradov \u010di ritu\u00e1lov. Nevedomky vdychovali ortu\u0165ov\u00e9 v\u00fdpary<\/strong> a\u00a0vedci sa dokonca domnievaj\u00fa, \u017ee pr\u00e1\u0161ok z\u00a0horniny konzumovali.<\/p>\n K\u00fdm WHO za norm\u00e1lnu hladinu ortuti pova\u017euje jednu a\u017e dve \u010dasti na mili\u00f3n (parts per million), kosti obsahovali a\u017e 400 ppm. To len potvrdzuje presved\u010denie, \u017ee tom \u010dase sa rumelka stala vysoko symbolickou, pravdepodobne posv\u00e4tnou substanciou, \u201ektor\u00e1 bola vyh\u013ead\u00e1van\u00e1, obchodovan\u00e1 a \u0161iroko pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 v r\u00f4znych ritu\u00e1loch a spolo\u010densk\u00fdch praktik\u00e1ch,\u201c<\/strong> p\u00ed\u0161u autori v \u0161t\u00fadii.<\/p>\n Zdroje: www.thebl.news, www.livescience.com, www.geology.com, www.betterhealth.com<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ortu\u0165 v na\u0161om \u017eivotnom prostred\u00ed Ortu\u0165 je l\u00e1tka, ktor\u00e1 sa v\u00a0prirodzenom stave nach\u00e1dza na Zemi, ale vyr\u00e1ba sa aj pre lek\u00e1rske a\u00a0priemyseln\u00e9 odvetvie. V\u00a0na\u0161om prostred\u00ed<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7338","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7338"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7338\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}V\u00fdsledky anal\u00fdzy kost\u00ed z\u00a0obdobia praveku<\/h3>\n
Miner\u00e1l so smrte\u013en\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dinkami<\/h3>\n
Ortu\u0165 ako s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 ritu\u00e1lov<\/h3>\n