{"id":7355,"date":"2021-11-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-28T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/gruzinsko-zabudnute-rodisko-vina-najstarsie-vino\/"},"modified":"2021-11-29T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-11-28T23:00:00","slug":"gruzinsko-zabudnute-rodisko-vina-najstarsie-vino","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/gruzinsko-zabudnute-rodisko-vina-najstarsie-vino\/","title":{"rendered":"Gruz\u00ednsko &#8211; zabudnut\u00e9 rodisko v\u00edna a vinohradn\u00edctva"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>Kaukazsk\u00fd regi\u00f3n \u2013 regi\u00f3n v\u00edna <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Do <strong>Kaukazsk\u00e9ho regi\u00f3nu<\/strong> spadaj\u00fa krajiny <strong>Arm\u00e9nsko<\/strong>, <strong>Azerbajd\u017ean<\/strong>, <strong>Gruz\u00ednsko<\/strong>, no i\u00a0\u010dasti <strong>Ir\u00e1nu<\/strong>, <strong>Ruska<\/strong> and\u00a0<strong>Turecka<\/strong>. Archeol\u00f3govia objavili najstar\u0161ie zariadenie na v\u00fdrobu v\u00edna pr\u00e1ve v Arm\u00e9nsku, zvy\u0161ky hrozna v hlinen\u00fdch n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch v Gruz\u00ednsku a zn\u00e1mky domestik\u00e1cie hrozna vo v\u00fdchodnom Turecku. Pr\u00e1ve preto je Gruz\u00ednsko pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za zabudnut\u00e9 rodisko v\u00edna \u2013 vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 sa za\u010dalo u\u017e v obdob\u00ed medzi rokmi 8000 a\u017e 4100 pred Kristom.<\/p>\n Gruz\u00ednsko &#8211; zabudnut\u00e9 rodisko v\u00edna Zdroj:pixabay.com\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Priekopn\u00edkmi boli Gruz\u00ednci z\u00a0doby kamennej <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ke\u010f sa povie v\u00edno, istotne sa viacer\u00fdm vybavia zn\u00e1me vin\u00e1rske oblasti ako Taliansko, Franc\u00fazsko, \u0160panielsko alebo aj Ju\u017en\u00e1 Afrika. Skuto\u010dn\u00ed milovn\u00edci v\u00edna by v\u0161ak nemali prehliadnu\u0165 <strong>Kaukaz<\/strong>, preto\u017ee pr\u00e1ve v\u00a0tejto oblasti sa nach\u00e1dza <strong>cca 8000 ro\u010dn\u00edkov v\u00edna<\/strong> a\u00a0viac ako <strong>500 odr\u00f4d hrozna<\/strong>. Gruz\u00ednska kult\u00fara je teda neodmyslite\u013ene sp\u00e4t\u00e1 s\u00a0vinohradn\u00edctvom.<\/p>\n<p>Gruz\u00ednsko, rozprestieraj\u00face sa nad \u00farodn\u00fdmi \u00fadoliami ju\u017en\u00e9ho Kaukazu, je v\u0161eobecne pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za rodisko v\u00edna. T\u00e1to trad\u00edcia vznikla u\u017e <strong>okolo roku 6000 pred Kristom<\/strong>. Verilo sa toti\u017e, \u017ee Gruz\u00ednci z doby kamennej boli prv\u00fdmi \u013eu\u010fmi, ktor\u00ed kvasili hrozno. \u0160\u0165avu z neho zvykli cez zimu zahrab\u00e1va\u0165 pod zem. Identita Gruz\u00ednska ako aj jeho hospod\u00e1rstvo s\u00fa bezpochyby spojen\u00e9 s v\u00fdrobou v\u00edna. Vin\u00e1rstvo v tejto oblasti bolo zap\u00edsan\u00e9 <strong>UNESCOM <\/strong>do zoznamu nehmotn\u00e9ho kult\u00farneho dedi\u010dstva.<\/p>\n<p>Medzi \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkmi sa dokonca zvyklo vravieva\u0165 \u2013 <strong>Ak chcete porazi\u0165 Gruz\u00ednsko, mus\u00edte najprv zni\u010di\u0165 jeho vinice<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Obdobn\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia nastala v\u00a0ju\u017enom gruz\u00ednskom regi\u00f3ne <strong>Samcche-D\u017eavachetie<\/strong> (<strong>Samtskhe-Javakheti<\/strong>) v\u00a0roku 1500. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1 vin\u00e1rska oblas\u0165 bola po st\u00e1ro\u010dia domovom star\u00fdch Gruz\u00edncov. \u017dili vo vyh\u013aben\u00fdch jaskyniach bl\u00edzko sope\u010dnej skaly, na ktorej svahoch stavali terasovit\u00e9 vinice. Av\u0161ak v\u00a050. rokoch 16. storo\u010dia n\u00e1jazdy osmansk\u00fdch Turkov zni\u010dili vinice Samcche-D\u017eavachetie a\u00a0prevzali vl\u00e1du nad oblas\u0165ou na viac ako 300 rokov.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Miestni obyvatelia sa svojho dedi\u010dstva nepl\u00e1nuj\u00fa vzda\u0165 <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Za posledn\u00e9 roky za\u010dali miestni znova s\u00a0vys\u00e1dzan\u00edm ich p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho hrozna. Obnovili niekdaj\u0161ie hrd\u00e9 terasovit\u00e9 vinice svojich predkov a\u00a0sna\u017eia sa im vd\u00fdchnu\u0165 predo\u0161l\u00fa sl\u00e1vu. V\u00a0regi\u00f3ne sa prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t po 400 rokoch zorganizoval zber hrozna.<\/p>\n<p>Mnoho gruz\u00ednskych vin\u00e1rov na\u010falej vyr\u00e1ba v\u00edno pomocou tradi\u010dn\u00fdch techn\u00edk a\u00a0jeho v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 chu\u0165 je odli\u0161n\u00e1 od t\u00fdch, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa vyroben\u00e9 eur\u00f3pskymi met\u00f3dami. Rozdiel je najm\u00e4 v\u00a0tom, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 hrozna \u2013 vr\u00e1tane \u0161upky, semien a\u00a0dokonca aj stopky \u2013 sa fermentuje spolu so \u0161\u0165avou. To dod\u00e1va bielym v\u00ednam ove\u013ea tmav\u0161iu farbu, a preto s\u00fa zn\u00e1me ako jant\u00e1rov\u00e9 alebo oran\u017eov\u00e9 v\u00edna. V\u00edno kvas\u00ed v\u00a0<strong>kvevri<\/strong>, \u0161picatej terakotovej n\u00e1dobe (podobnej <strong>amfore<\/strong>), ktor\u00e1 je umiestnen\u00e1 v\u00a0podlahe v\u00ednnej pivnice. N\u00e1doba je vystlan\u00e1 limetkou a\u00a0v\u010del\u00edm voskom. Ke\u010f\u017ee sa nach\u00e1dza v\u00a0podstate pod zemou, v\u00edno m\u00e1 po\u010das cel\u00e9ho procesu ferment\u00e1cie kon\u0161tantn\u00fa teplotu.<\/p>\n Kvevri &#8211; keramick\u00e1 n\u00e1doba , ktor\u00e1 sa pou\u017e\u00edva v Gruz\u00ednsku na v\u00fdrobu v\u00edna. Zdroj:sk.pinterest.com\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Zdroj:sk.pinterest.com\n<h3><strong>V\u00edno n\u00e1jden\u00e9 v 8000 rokov star\u00fdch keramick\u00fdch n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Najnov\u0161\u00ed vedeck\u00fd objav potvrdil, \u017ee 8000 rokov star\u00e9 keramick\u00e9 \u00falomky v\u00a0sebe ukr\u00fdvali d\u00f4kaz o\u00a0v\u00fdrobe hroznov\u00e9ho v\u00edna. Hlinen\u00e9 n\u00e1doby obsahuj\u00face zvy\u0161kov\u00e9 zl\u00fa\u010deniny v\u00edna, boli objaven\u00e9 na dvoch mieste ju\u017ene od <strong>gruz\u00ednskeho hlavn\u00e9ho mesta Tbilisi<\/strong>. Vedci tie\u017e uviedli, \u017ee na n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch boli obrazy hrozna a\u00a0tancuj\u00faceho mu\u017ea. Tieto zistenia boli publikovan\u00e9 vo svetovom najprest\u00ed\u017enej\u0161om vedeckom \u010dasopise <strong>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/strong> (PNAS).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Kde (v Gruz\u00ednsku) je mo\u017en\u00e9 narazi\u0165 na dobr\u00e9 v\u00edno?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>V\u00a0Gruz\u00ednsku nie je n\u00fadza o\u00a0miesta s\u00a0kvalitn\u00fdm a\u00a0najm\u00e4 r\u00f4znorod\u00fdm v\u00ednom. Najlep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdber zna\u010dkov\u00fdch v\u00edn je mo\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1js\u0165 <strong>v Tbilisiskej Vinothece<\/strong>. V\u00a0re\u0161taur\u00e1ci\u00e1ch <strong>Barbarestan <\/strong>and <strong>Cafe Gabriadze<\/strong> sa okrem chutn\u00fdch gruz\u00ednskych jed\u00e1l n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edk stretne aj so skuto\u010dne rozsiahlym v\u00ednnym menu. Vin\u00e1rstva, na ktor\u00e9 si treba obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 \u201eda\u0165 pozor\u201c s\u00fa <strong>Lagvinari <\/strong>and <strong>Pheasant\u2019s Tears<\/strong>. Ich v\u00edna sa vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa v\u00a0kvevri a\u00a0s\u00fa dokonal\u00fdmi pr\u00edkladmi tradi\u010dn\u00e9ho gruz\u00ednskeho \u0161t\u00fdlu.<\/p>\n Gruz\u00ednske vin\u00e1rstvo Pheasant\u2019s Tears. Zdroj:sk.pinterest.com\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>V\u00edno nie je jedinou p\u00fdchou <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Aj ke\u010f je gruz\u00ednske v\u00edno ozajstn\u00fdm pokladom, v\u00a0meste je toho mo\u017en\u00e9 vidie\u0165 ove\u013ea viac. Hlavn\u00e9 mesto Tbilisi opl\u00fdva bohatou kult\u00farou, s\u00a0mnoh\u00fdmi m\u00fazeami, gal\u00e9riami, botanickou z\u00e1hradou a\u00a0vodop\u00e1dmi. O\u010daruj\u00face Star\u00e9 Mesto je zasa pln\u00e9 historick\u00fdch budov, kaviarn\u00ed a\u00a0obchodov. V\u00a0<strong>\u0161tvrti Abanotubani<\/strong> sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa <strong>kupolov\u00e9 s\u00edrov\u00e9 k\u00fapele<\/strong> and\u00a0<strong>divadlo Gabriadze<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 pon\u00faka mimoriadne b\u00e1bkov\u00e9 predstavenia \u2013 napr\u00edklad rekon\u0161trukciu bitky pri Stalingrade.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Zdroje: www.bbc.com, www.thetravelmagazine.net, winefolly.com, winesgeorgia.com<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj titulnej fotografie: <strong>pixabay.com<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kaukazsk\u00fd regi\u00f3n \u2013 regi\u00f3n v\u00edna Do Kaukazsk\u00e9ho regi\u00f3nu spadaj\u00fa krajiny Arm\u00e9nsko, Azerbajd\u017ean, Gruz\u00ednsko, no i\u00a0\u010dasti Ir\u00e1nu, Ruska a\u00a0Turecka. Archeol\u00f3govia objavili najstar\u0161ie zariadenie na v\u00fdrobu v\u00edna<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7355","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7355"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7355\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7355"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}