{"id":7385,"date":"2021-12-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-07T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/pivo-pivny-priemysel-bol-kedysi-hlavnou-dominantou-zien\/"},"modified":"2021-12-08T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-12-07T23:00:00","slug":"pivo-pivny-priemysel-bol-kedysi-hlavnou-dominantou-zien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/pivo-pivny-priemysel-bol-kedysi-hlavnou-dominantou-zien\/","title":{"rendered":"Pivn\u00fd priemysel bol kedysi hlavnou dominantou \u017eien"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>Prv\u00e9 \u201epivovarn\u00ed\u010dky\u201c boli \u017eeny <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>A\u017e do roku 1500 bolo varenie piva prim\u00e1rne \u017eenskou parketou. Trvalo to v\u0161ak iba dovtedy, \u00a0pok\u00fdm ich z viacer\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov neza\u010dali o\u010dier\u0148ova\u0165\u2013predov\u0161etk\u00fdm z \u010darodejn\u00edctva. Je pravdepodobn\u00e9, \u017ee napr\u00edklad tak\u00fd \u0161picat\u00fd klob\u00fak \u010di metla sa prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t za\u010dali sp\u00e1ja\u0165 pr\u00e1ve s pivovarn\u00edkmi. \u013dudia pij\u00fa pivo, ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fd <strong>n\u00e1poj z\u00a0chme\u013eu u\u017e takmer 7000 rokov<\/strong>, pri\u010dom p\u00f4vodn\u00fdmi sl\u00e1dkami boli \u017eeny. Star\u00ed Vikingovia alebo Egyp\u0165ania \u2013 \u017eeny varili pivo na r\u00f4zne n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 obrady, ale aj z\u00a0d\u00f4vodu, \u017ee tento praktick\u00fd n\u00e1poj bol bohat\u00fd na kal\u00f3rie. Ist\u00e1 mn\u00ed\u0161ka menom Hildegarda von Bingen (\u017eila v\u00a0dne\u0161nom Nemecku) dokonca v\u00a012. storo\u010d\u00ed p\u00edsala o\u00a0chmeli ako o\u00a0ingrediencii, ktor\u00fa prid\u00e1vala do svojho receptu na pivo.<\/p>\n Pivo varili napr\u00edklad u\u017e star\u00ed Vikingovia \u010di Egyp\u0165ania. Zdroj:pexels.com\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e9 bolo u\u017e v\u00a0dobe kamennej <\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Od doby kamennej a\u017e do 18. storo\u010dia bolo pivo z\u00e1kladom dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny rod\u00edn v Anglicku a tie\u017e v \u010fal\u0161\u00edch \u010dastiach Eur\u00f3py. I\u0161lo o lacn\u00fd sp\u00f4sob konzum\u00e1cie a konzervovania obiln\u00edn. Pre robotn\u00edcku triedu n\u00e1poj predstavoval d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd zdroj \u017eiv\u00edn pln\u00fd sacharidov a bielkov\u00edn. No a ke\u010f\u017ee pivo bolo v dom\u00e1cnostiach tak\u00e9 be\u017en\u00e9 \u2013 dalo by sa poveda\u0165, \u017ee s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 stravy priemern\u00e9ho \u010dloveka, kvasenie brali \u017eeny ako ich ka\u017edodenn\u00fa \u00falohu. Tie podnikavej\u0161ie t\u00fato zru\u010dnos\u0165 vyu\u017eili a vzali pivo pred\u00e1va\u0165 na trh. Vdovy \u010di slobodn\u00e9 \u017eeny si znalos\u0165ami v kvasen\u00ed privyr\u00e1bali peniaze navy\u0161e, zatia\u013e \u010do vydat\u00e9 spolupracovali s man\u017eelmi a riadili svoj vlastn\u00fd biznis.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Neboli to \u017eiadne \u010darodejnice, ale iba \u201esl\u00e1dkovia\u201c \u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ak by ste sa pomocou stroja \u010dasu vr\u00e1tili napr\u00edklad do stredoveku alebo renesancie a pre\u0161li sa na tradi\u010dn\u00fd trh, naskytol by sa v\u00e1m ve\u013eavravn\u00fd poh\u013ead. <strong>\u017deny v\u00a0\u0161picat\u00fdch klob\u00fakoch stojace pred ve\u013ek\u00fdmi kotlami<\/strong>. No neboli to \u017eiadne \u010darodejnice, ale vtedaj\u0161\u00ed sl\u00e1dkovia. \u0160picat\u00e9 klob\u00faky nosievali z praktick\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov \u2013 aby ich z\u00e1kazn\u00edci zazreli na preplnenom trhovisku. Svoje pivo tam prepravovali v spom\u00ednan\u00fdch ve\u013ek\u00fdch kotloch. Aj ma\u010dky ako \u201ed\u00e9moni\u201c maj\u00fa svoje racion\u00e1lne vysvetlenie. Vyu\u017e\u00edvali ich najm\u00e4 obchodn\u00edci, ktor\u00ed pred\u00e1vali pivo z predajn\u00ed na odl\u00e1kanie my\u0161\u00ed od obilia. \u0160picat\u00fd klob\u00fak a kotl\u00edk tak m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 odvoden\u00e9 od \u017eien vykon\u00e1vaj\u00facich t\u00fato profesiu.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e1ve v\u00a0\u010dase, ke\u010f sa \u017eeny za\u010dali udom\u00e1c\u0148ova\u0165 na pivn\u00fdch trhoch v\u00a0\u00cdrsku, Anglicku i\u00a0\u010fal\u0161\u00edch \u010dastiach Eur\u00f3py \u2013 <strong>za\u010dala reform\u00e1cia<\/strong>. Fundamentalistick\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 hnutie zo za\u010diatku 16. storo\u010dia prinieslo pr\u00edsne rodov\u00e9 normy a\u00a0jeho cie\u013eom bolo skoncova\u0165 s\u00a0\u010darodejn\u00edctvom. Mu\u017eom sa tak naskytla dokonal\u00e1 pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 na zbavenie sa konkurencie pri ich obchodovan\u00ed s\u00a0pivom. Obvinili pivovarn\u00ed\u010dky, \u017ee s\u00fa bosorky a\u00a0namiesto kvalitn\u00e9ho piva v\u00a0kotl\u00edkoch pripravuj\u00fa kadejak\u00e9 magick\u00e9 elix\u00edry. F\u00e1my sa bohu\u017eia\u013e ujali a\u00a0pre \u017eeny bolo \u010doraz nebezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie pred\u00e1va\u0165 pivo, aby ich n\u00e1hodou neozna\u010dili za \u010darodejnice. Ne\u0161lo len o\u00a0druh spolo\u010denskej potupy, no mali pr\u00e1vo ich st\u00edha\u0165 \u010di ods\u00fadi\u0165 na trest smrti.<\/p>\n Kotl\u00edk, v ktorom sa kedysi pripravovalo pivo sa stal s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou ikonografie spojenej s \u010darodejnicami. Zdroj:sk.pinterest.com\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Niektor\u00ed (mu\u017ei) f\u00e1mam neverili, av\u0161ak ako sl\u00e1dkov ich nechceli<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Niektor\u00ed mu\u017ei naozaj neverili, \u017ee \u017eeny sl\u00e1dky s\u00fa \u010darodejnice. Boli ale presved\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee ich man\u017eelky by nemali tr\u00e1vi\u0165 \u010das pri v\u00fdrobe piva. Vy\u017eadovalo si to ve\u013ea \u010dasu a odhodlania \u2013 hodiny pr\u00edpravy samotn\u00e9ho piva, upratovanie a napokon dv\u00edhanie \u010di pren\u00e1\u0161anie \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch zv\u00e4zov ra\u017ee\/obilia. Pod\u013ea nich mali namiesto toho tr\u00e1vi\u0165 svoj \u010das doma v\u00fdchovou det\u00ed. V roku 1500 im v niektor\u00fdch anglick\u00fdch mest\u00e1ch skuto\u010dne zak\u00e1zali n\u00e1poj pred\u00e1va\u0165, a od\u00f4vodnili to t\u00fdm, \u017ee z nich nechceli ma\u0165 zni\u010den\u00e9 star\u00e9 \u017eensk\u00e9.<\/p>\n Egyptsk\u00e1 \u017eena var\u00ed pivo po\u010das toho ako ju chlapec pozorne sleduje. Zdroj:sk.pinterest.com\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u00a0Zostalo mu\u017esk\u00fdm prvenstvom\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ikonografia bosoriek v klob\u00fakoch pretrvala \u2013 rovnako aj mu\u017esk\u00e9 prvenstvo v pivnom priemysle. Najlep\u0161ie pivn\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti na svete ved\u00fa mu\u017ei, a to na poz\u00edci\u00e1ch gener\u00e1lnych riadite\u013eov, to plat\u00ed aj pre \u010dlenov predstavenstva. A\u017e na zop\u00e1r v\u00fdnimiek je pivo uv\u00e1dzan\u00e9 ako n\u00e1poj pre mu\u017eov. Je tomu tak aj v men\u0161\u00edch remeseln\u00fdch pivovaroch. <strong>\u0160t\u00fadia na Stanfordskej univerzite<\/strong> toti\u017e pri\u0161la so zisten\u00edm, \u017ee zatia\u013e \u010do 17 % remeseln\u00fdch pivovarov m\u00e1 gener\u00e1lnu riadite\u013eku, iba 4% t\u00fdchto z\u00e1vodov zamestn\u00e1vaj\u00fa na poz\u00edcii sl\u00e1dka \u017eenu. Ide konkr\u00e9tne o\u00a0superv\u00edzorku dohliadaj\u00facu na cel\u00fd proces varenia.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Hist\u00f3ria n\u00e1m v\u0161ak dokazuje, \u017ee by to takto v\u00f4bec nemuselo by\u0165 a\u00a0miesto v\u00a0pivnom priemysle patr\u00ed i\u00a0\u017een\u00e1m<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Zdroje: www.smithsonianmag.com, braciatrix.com, www.history.com<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prv\u00e9 \u201epivovarn\u00ed\u010dky\u201c boli \u017eeny A\u017e do roku 1500 bolo varenie piva prim\u00e1rne \u017eenskou parketou. Trvalo to v\u0161ak iba dovtedy, \u00a0pok\u00fdm ich z viacer\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov neza\u010dali<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7385","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7385","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7385"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7385\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7385"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7385"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7385"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}