Hypnag\u00f3gia<\/strong> sa p\u00f4vodne nevyu\u017e\u00edvala ako sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 technika. V prvom rade ide o prechodn\u00fd stav vedomia medzi bdelos\u0165ou a sp\u00e1nkom.<\/strong> Je to opak hypnopompie<\/strong> – stavu, ktor\u00fd nast\u00e1va predt\u00fdm ako sa zobud\u00edme. Po\u010das hypnag\u00f3gie je be\u017en\u00e9 vn\u00edmanie vymyslen\u00fdch zvukov alebo obrazcov.<\/p>\n Je toho e\u0161te ve\u013ea, \u010do mus\u00edme zisti\u0165 o fungovan\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161ho mozgu. zdroj: unsplash.com\n Neur\u00f3ny v mozgu navz\u00e1jom komunikuj\u00fa prostredn\u00edctvom v\u00fdbuchov elektrickej aktivity. M\u00f4\u017eeme ju mera\u0165 vo vln\u00e1ch pomocou pr\u00edstroja, ktor\u00fd sa naz\u00fdva elektroencefalogram (EEG).<\/strong> Zariadenie rozpozn\u00e1va p\u00e4\u0165 tipov mozgov\u00fdch v\u013an,<\/strong> od najpomal\u0161\u00edch po najr\u00fdchlej\u0161ie: delta, th\u00e9ta, alfa, beta, gama vlny. Ke\u010f sa telo a myse\u013e e\u0161te nechystaj\u00fa spa\u0165, mozog produkuje merate\u013en\u00e9 alfa<\/strong> and beta vlny<\/strong>, pri\u010dom prevl\u00e1daj\u00fa druh\u00e9 z nich. Akon\u00e1hle sa c\u00edtime ospal\u00ed, prevezm\u00fa vl\u00e1du alfa vlny.<\/p>\n Prv\u00e1 f\u00e1za zasp\u00e1vania<\/strong> (zn\u00e1ma aj ako N1) je naj\u013eah\u0161ou formou sp\u00e1nku<\/strong> a zvy\u010dajne trv\u00e1 od jednej do piatich min\u00fat. Po\u010das tejto f\u00e1zy klesn\u00fa alfa vlny na menej ako 50 percent<\/strong> z celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu mozgov\u00fdch v\u013an a vedci m\u00f4\u017eu pozorova\u0165 vlnenie pomal\u0161\u00edch v\u013an th\u00e9ta. \u201e\u013dudia str\u00e1via asi 5 % no\u010dn\u00e9ho sp\u00e1nku v N1, ale ide o extr\u00e9mne nedostato\u010dne pre\u0161tudovan\u00fa f\u00e1zu,\u201c<\/strong> vysvet\u013euje Delphine Oudiette,<\/strong> v\u00fdskumn\u00ed\u010dka sp\u00e1nku z Par\u00ed\u017eskeho mozgov\u00e9ho in\u0161tit\u00fatu.<\/strong><\/p>\n Po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9 zasp\u00e1vanie oslabuje na\u0161e zmysly a\u00a0vn\u00edmanie pr\u00edtomnosti, postupne n\u00e1s pren\u00e1\u0161a z\u00a0reality do sveta snov. Po\u010das tejto f\u00e1zy sa m\u00f4\u017eeme dosta\u0165 do r\u00f4znych stavov, jedn\u00fdm z\u00a0nich s\u00fa hypnagogick\u00e9 halucin\u00e1cie.<\/strong> Hovor\u00edme o dejoch, ktor\u00e9 sa zdaj\u00fa skuto\u010dn\u00e9 aj ke\u010f nie s\u00fa.<\/strong> M\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 vizu\u00e1lne, sluchov\u00e9 alebo hmatov\u00e9. Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa vyskytuj\u00fa u dospievaj\u00facich<\/strong> a\u00a0so zvy\u0161uj\u00facim sa vekom ub\u00fadaj\u00fa. Je ale pravdou, \u017ee \u017eeny ich za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa \u010dastej\u0161ie ne\u017e mu\u017ei.<\/strong><\/p>\n Zauj\u00edmav\u00fdm pr\u00edpadom je aj tetrisov\u00fd efekt.<\/strong> Je to jav, pri ktorom na\u0161u myse\u013e zasahuj\u00fa ru\u0161iv\u00e9 obrazy alebo my\u0161lienky po vykonan\u00ed opakovanej \u010dinnosti. Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee hry ako Tetris aktivuj\u00fa vizu\u00e1lno-motorick\u00e9 procesy v mozgu,<\/strong> ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa na starosti koordin\u00e1ciu pohybu a vizu\u00e1lneho vn\u00edmania. Aktiv\u00e1cia t\u00fdchto procesov m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k hypnagogick\u00fdm halucin\u00e1ci\u00e1m, po\u010das ktor\u00fdch zaspan\u00edm vid\u00edme tvary z videohry.<\/strong> Efekt sa neobmedzuje len na hern\u00e9 efekty. Niektor\u00ed \u013eudia tvrdia, \u017ee maj\u00fa hmatov\u00e9 hypnagogick\u00e9 halucin\u00e1cie<\/strong> a\u00a0po celom dni lezenia na skaly maj\u00fa pocit akoby v\u00a0ruk\u00e1ch dr\u017eali kamene.<\/p>\n Svalov\u00e9 k\u0155\u010de sa nemusia objavi\u0165 iba pri nedostato\u010dnom stre\u010dingu, ale vedia n\u00e1s prekvapi\u0165 aj ke\u010f sa chyst\u00e1me zaspa\u0165. zdroj: pexels.com\n \u201eHypnagogick\u00e9 \u0161klbnutia\u201c<\/strong> s\u00fa n\u00e1hle svalov\u00e9 kontrakcie, ku ktor\u00fdm doch\u00e1dza, ke\u010f zasp\u00e1vate. Kontrakcie svalov s\u00fa tak ne\u010dakan\u00e9, \u017ee n\u00e1s dok\u00e1\u017eu prebudi\u0165. Za\u017eije ich 60% a\u017e 70 percent \u013eud\u00ed,<\/strong> ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa pocit, \u017ee padaj\u00fa a chv\u00ed\u013eu na to sa zo sp\u00e1nku strhn\u00fa.<\/strong> K prejavom hypnag\u00f3gie patr\u00ed aj sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 paral\u00fdza.<\/strong> Nepr\u00edjemn\u00fd pocit predstavuje stav, kedy je \u010dlovek pri vedom\u00ed, ale nem\u00f4\u017ee h\u00fdba\u0165 svalmi.<\/strong> \u010casto sa vyskytuje v sprievode s narkolepsiou.<\/strong> Hoci m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 paral\u00fdza desiv\u00e1, pr\u00edznaky zvy\u010dajne ust\u00fapia v priebehu nieko\u013ek\u00fdch min\u00fat bez ak\u00fdchko\u013evek zdravotn\u00fdch n\u00e1sledkov.<\/p>\n Niektor\u00fdm z\u00a0najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edch umelcov na\u0161ej doby<\/strong> posl\u00fa\u017eila f\u00e1za N1<\/strong> ako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 technika. Navodi\u0165 si vy\u0161\u0161iu mieru kreativity sk\u00fa\u0161al Franz Kafka alebo Edgar Allan Poe. Salvador Dal\u00ed a\u00a0Thomas Edison<\/strong> zasp\u00e1vali v sede a v ruke dr\u017eali ly\u017eicu alebo lopti\u010dku. Ke\u010f im svaly ochabli, predmet spadol a zobudil ich. Stav, do ktor\u00e9ho sa dostali\u00a0 vyu\u017eili, ke\u010f boli sp\u00e4\u0165 pri vedom\u00ed.<\/p>\n T\u00fdmto vyu\u017eit\u00edm hypnag\u00f3gie sa in\u0161pirovali v\u00fdskumn\u00edci z Par\u00ed\u017eskeho mozgov\u00e9ho in\u0161tit\u00fatu.<\/strong> Chceli zisti\u0165 \u010di je t\u00e1to sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 met\u00f3da naozaj \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 na zv\u00fd\u0161enie kreativity.<\/strong> \u013du\u010fom, ktor\u00ed sa podujali na experiment predlo\u017eili matematick\u00fd probl\u00e9m.<\/strong> Poskytli im dve pravidl\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 mohli krok za krokom aplikova\u0165, aby pr\u00edklad vyrie\u0161ili. Zahrnuli aj \u201eskryt\u00e9 pravidlo\u201c<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 dok\u00e1zalo skr\u00e1ti\u0165 \u010das na vyrie\u0161enie zadan\u00e9ho pr\u00edkladu.<\/p>\n Ak by ka\u017ed\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edval t\u00fato sp\u00e1nkov\u00fa met\u00f3du, boli by sme produkt\u00edvnej\u0161\u00ed? zdroj: unsplash.com\n \u00da\u010dastn\u00edci dostali in\u0161trukcie, aby sa ulo\u017eili do pohodlnej polohy a pok\u00fasili sa zaspa\u0165. Rovnako ako sl\u00e1vni umelci, aj oni v ruke dr\u017eali predmet, ktor\u00fd by ich po spadnut\u00ed zobudil. Vedci v\u010faka EEG sledovali, kedy sa ich mozog dost\u00e1va do f\u00e1zy N1 a N2.<\/strong> Skupina, ktor\u00e1 ostala aspo\u0148 15 sek\u00fand v prvej sp\u00e1nkovej f\u00e1ze, mala 83 percentn\u00fa \u00faspe\u0161nos\u0165 pri odhalen\u00ed skryt\u00e9ho pravidla.<\/strong> Na porovnanie, len 30% \u013eud\u00ed odhalilo tajn\u00e9 pravidlo, ak si v\u00f4bec neodd\u00fdchlo.<\/p>\n Ke\u010f sa v\u00fdskumn\u00e1 vzorka dostala do hlb\u0161ej f\u00e1zy sp\u00e1nku, schopnosti na odhalenie \u010fal\u0161ieho pravidla neboli pr\u00edtomn\u00e9.<\/strong> V z\u00e1vere sa t\u00edm zhodol na tom, \u017ee hypnag\u00f3gia skuto\u010dne zlep\u0161uje kognit\u00edvne schopnosti \u010dloveka, preto\u017ee sa doty\u010dn\u00fd nach\u00e1dza v stave, kedy sa poznanie prehlbuje a akon\u00e1hle je pri vedom\u00ed, dok\u00e1\u017ee e\u0161te zachyti\u0165 tvoriv\u00fd podnet.<\/strong><\/p>\n Zdroje: www.healthline.com, www.livescience.com<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Z\u00e1hady hypnag\u00f3gie Hypnag\u00f3gia sa p\u00f4vodne nevyu\u017e\u00edvala ako sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 technika. V prvom rade ide o prechodn\u00fd stav vedomia medzi bdelos\u0165ou a sp\u00e1nkom. Je to opak hypnopompie<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7405","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7405","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7405"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7405\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7405"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7405"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7405"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Sp\u00e1nkov\u00e1 technika, ktorej sa nevieme ubr\u00e1ni\u0165<\/h3>\n
Experiment priniesol v\u00fdsledky<\/h3>\n