{"id":7444,"date":"2021-12-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-29T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/graf-ktory-zmenil-svet-ako-aj-male-inovacie-prerastu-do-trendu\/"},"modified":"2021-12-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2021-12-29T23:00:00","slug":"graf-ktory-zmenil-svet-ako-aj-male-inovacie-prerastu-do-trendu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/graf-ktory-zmenil-svet-ako-aj-male-inovacie-prerastu-do-trendu\/","title":{"rendered":"Graf, ktor\u00fd zmenil svet: Ako aj mal\u00e9 inov\u00e1cie prerast\u00fa do trendu"},"content":{"rendered":"Jeden spr\u00e1vny graf m\u00e1 silu poveda\u0165 viac ako mno\u017estvo textu. Presne ako ten od Claytona Christensena, autora te\u00f3rii o ru\u0161iv\u00fdch prevratn\u00fdch inov\u00e1ci\u00e1ch.\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong>10. janu\u00e1ra 2022 prich\u00e1dza na Slovensko kniha \u201eDilema inov\u00e1tora\u201c od Claytona Christensena.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong>\u00daspe\u0161n\u00e9 podnikanie nepotrebuje v\u017edy jedine\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1pad, ale schopnos\u0165 prisp\u00f4sobova\u0165 sa trhu a glob\u00e1lnym i lok\u00e1lnym zmen\u00e1m.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Ka\u017ed\u00e1 firma pritom \u010del\u00ed potrebe inovova\u0165 \u2013 a tu vznik\u00e1 paradox. Inov\u00e1cie m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 priebe\u017en\u00e9 a konzervat\u00edvne, ale aj radik\u00e1lne a riskantn\u00e9. Ako odhali\u0165 tie, ktor\u00e9 zmenia trh?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>Ve\u013ek\u00e9 inov\u00e1cie prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa zdola<\/h3>\n<p>Niekedy sa stane, \u017ee aj obrovsk\u00e9 glob\u00e1lne p\u00f4sobiace spolo\u010dnosti na celej \u010diare zlyhaj\u00fa v odhadoch, do \u010doho m\u00e1 zmysel investova\u0165 \u010das, energiu a peniaze. Nie je to prekvapuj\u00face, preto\u017ee potenci\u00e1lnych inov\u00e1ci\u00ed je ne\u00farekom a schopnos\u0165 <strong>predpoveda\u0165 bud\u00facnos\u0165 ka\u017edej z nich je takmer nemo\u017en\u00e9<\/strong>. Napriek tomu je pr\u00e1ve t\u00e1to schopnos\u0165 k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1, \u010do n\u00e1m dok\u00e1zali pr\u00edklady mnoh\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed, ako Nokia, Kodak, Apple, Samsung, Intel, IBM a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>Niektor\u00e9 tieto spolo\u010dnosti v\u010das investovali do prich\u00e1dzaj\u00facej inov\u00e1cie a presadili sa (iPhone, ARM a x86 procesory, digit\u00e1lna fotografia), in\u00e9 sa sna\u017eili nasilu zachov\u00e1va\u0165 svoju trhov\u00fa poz\u00edciu t\u00fdm, \u017ee vylep\u0161ovali iba existuj\u00face produkty a slu\u017eby.<\/p>\n<p>Neuvedomili si, \u017ee niekde celkom dole, kde neboli finan\u010dne zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 projekty, medzi\u010dasom <strong>vznikli z\u00e1sadn\u00e9 novinky<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 sa postupne vypracovali a\u017e do pozornost\u00ed m\u00e1s a namiesto komun\u00edt za\u010dali oslovova\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kazn\u00edka.<\/p>\n<p>Akademik <strong>Clayton Christensen<\/strong> vo svojej <strong>te\u00f3rii o ru\u0161iv\u00fdch inov\u00e1ci\u00e1ch<\/strong> ve\u013emi spr\u00e1vne pouk\u00e1zal na to, \u017ee ni\u010d nie je trval\u00e9 a v dlhodobom horizonte <strong>pre\u017eij\u00fa len tie firmy, ktor\u00e9 sa vedia prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165<\/strong> zmen\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<p>Nejde v\u0161ak o trivi\u00e1lnu z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165, \u010doho d\u00f4kazom je fakt, \u017ee hoci sa <em>Dilema inov\u00e1tora<\/em> pova\u017euje za jednu z najvplyvnej\u0161\u00edch kn\u00edh o podnikan\u00ed 20. storo\u010dia a je cenn\u00e1 dodnes, ka\u017ed\u00fd rok sledujeme \u00fapadky v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch svetov\u00fdch firiem, ktor\u00e9 sa jednoducho neprisp\u00f4sobili.<\/p>\n<p>Christensen na\u010drtol graf, ktor\u00e9ho vo\u013en\u00e1 interpret\u00e1cia je nasledovn\u00e1 a objas\u0148uje princ\u00edp n\u00e1stupu inovat\u00edvnych technol\u00f3gi\u00ed do praxe a do pozornosti spotrebite\u013eov:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Je tak jednoduch\u00fd, a\u017e je geni\u00e1lny<\/strong>. Graf poukazuje na to, \u017ee v\u00fdkon etablovan\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed (technol\u00f3gi\u00ed, produktov, slu\u017eieb) s plynut\u00edm \u010dasu a po zapracovan\u00ed sp\u00e4tnej v\u00e4zby od z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov priebe\u017ene rastie, ale sk\u00f4r rozv\u00e1\u017ene a je limitovan\u00fd. Oby\u010dajne ide o limity technologick\u00e9ho charakteru.<\/p>\n<p>Tieto limity v\u0161ak dok\u00e1\u017ee prekona\u0165 inovat\u00edvna technol\u00f3gia, ktor\u00e1 je pritom spo\u010diatku niekde v spodnej \u010dasti grafu s n\u00edzkou v\u00fdkonnos\u0165ou. Za v\u00fdkon v tomto pr\u00edpade pova\u017eujeme napr\u00edklad aj z\u00e1kazn\u00edcky z\u00e1ujem, dopyt, pr\u00edpadne objekt\u00edvny v\u00fdkon technol\u00f3gi\u00ed, ako napr\u00edklad procesorov \u010di ve\u013ekost\u00ed displejov. Ke\u010f\u017ee ide o revolu\u010dn\u00fa inov\u00e1ciu, v pomerne kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase sa pret\u00edna s etablovan\u00fdm rie\u0161en\u00edm, aby ho napokon v r\u00fdchlom \u010dasovom slede z\u00e1sadne prekonala.<\/p>\n<p>Na \u010do tento graf vy\u0161\u0161ie nepoukazuje, a pritom ide o z\u00e1sadn\u00fa inform\u00e1ciu, \u017ee predt\u00fdm etablovan\u00e9 rie\u0161enia u\u017e vinou presadenia prevratnej inov\u00e1cie napredova\u0165 nebud\u00fa, respekt\u00edve bud\u00fa napredova\u0165 podstatne pomal\u0161ie a v kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku sa ich vplyv stane bezv\u00fdznamn\u00fdm, preto\u017ee cel\u00fd trh prejde na nov\u00e9 rie\u0161enia. V tomto pr\u00edpade m\u00f4\u017eeme hovori\u0165 o tzv. <strong>ru\u0161ivej inov\u00e1cii<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 <strong>zlikvidovala dovtedaj\u0161iu ponuku a\u00a0dopyt<\/strong> a nahradila ich nov\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Toto je mechanizmus, ako sa z ve\u013ek\u00fdch stabiln\u00fdch hr\u00e1\u010dov m\u00f4\u017eu sta\u0165 bankrot\u00e1ri<\/strong> a z konkurencie, ktor\u00e1 v spr\u00e1vny \u010das odhadla bud\u00facnos\u0165 inov\u00e1ci\u00ed, nov\u00fd l\u00edder.<\/p>\n<p>Samozrejme, \u017ee ani tieto nov\u00e9 inov\u00e1cie nie s\u00fa ve\u010dn\u00e9 a v bl\u00edzkej dobe ich nahradia nov\u00e9, tak\u017ee graf sa bude m\u00f4c\u0165 zopakova\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Toto je v\u0161ak iba jeden z princ\u00edpov, ktor\u00e9 Christensen odhalil a podrobne objasnil, v\u0161etky s\u00fa pritom celkom z\u00e1sadn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<div style=\"padding: 10px; margin: 5px; border-radius: 10px; border: 0px solid green; background: #f7f7f7;\">\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kniha Claytona Christensena je in\u0161pirat\u00edvna rovnako ako jeho \u017eivotn\u00fd pr\u00edbeh. Mohla by sa sta\u0165 povinnou literat\u00farou nielen medzi sk\u00fasen\u00fdmi biznismenmi, ale aj mlad\u00fdmi podnikate\u013emi, ktor\u00ed sr\u0161ia inovat\u00edvnymi my\u0161lienkami a nie s\u00fa za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed te\u00f3riami a rutinou. Ver\u00edm, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve \u201eDilema inov\u00e1tora\u201c ich povzbud\u00ed v tom, aby sa neb\u00e1li nov\u00fdch, aj ke\u010f na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead bl\u00e1zniv\u00fdch n\u00e1padov. Steve Jobs, Richard Branson alebo n\u00e1\u0161 \u0160tefan Klein by o tom vedeli rozpr\u00e1va\u0165.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Boris Kost\u00edk<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eterus Capital, a.s.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Profesor Christensen v \u201eDileme inov\u00e1tora\u201c v\u00fdsti\u017ene op\u00edsal d\u00f4le\u017eitos\u0165 inov\u00e1ci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eu spolo\u010dnosti udr\u017ea\u0165 relevantn\u00fdmi na trhu a \u010falej napredova\u0165. Firmy, ktor\u00e9 v minulosti ur\u010dovali trendy, si u\u017e nepam\u00e4t\u00e1me a firmy, ktor\u00e9 dnes vn\u00edmame ako pr\u00edklady, zajtra u\u017e nemusia existova\u0165. Tak ako vid\u00edm aj ja zo Silicon Valley, v\u00edzia organiz\u00e1cie zohr\u00e1va v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu rolu ne\u017e samotn\u00e1 schopnos\u0165 predpovedania bud\u00facnosti z h\u013eadiska inova\u010dn\u00e9ho cyklu trendov.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Filip Orth<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Predseda predstavenstva a v\u00fdkonn\u00fd riadite\u013e Wanderer Capital, s.r.o.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n <strong>INOV\u00c1CIE POM\u00c1HAJ\u00da, ALE AJ NI\u010cIA<\/strong>: Inovova\u0165 je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, ale z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed aj na tom, ak\u00e9 tieto inov\u00e1cie vlastne s\u00fa. Trval\u00e1 udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 alebo riziko s eventu\u00e1lnou revol\u00faciou? Obe maj\u00fa svoje v\u00fdznamy. A aj o tomto je kniha Dilema inov\u00e1tora.\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><b>Jedna z najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch kn\u00edh pre podnikate\u013eov<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Magaz\u00edn <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Economist<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ju zaradil medzi <\/span><b>\u0161es\u0165 najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch publik\u00e1ci\u00ed o obchode a podnikan\u00ed v hist\u00f3rii<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Kniha Dilema inov\u00e1tora od Claytona Christensena je opr\u00e1vnene pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za povinn\u00fa literat\u00faru pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch mana\u017e\u00e9rov, riadite\u013eov, podnikate\u013eov a v\u00f4bec ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kto sa zaober\u00e1 obchodom, slu\u017ebami, v\u00fdrobou \u010di v\u00fdvojom. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm pojmom jeho pr\u00e1ce a te\u00f3rie je <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disruptive Innovation<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, teda <\/span><b>ru\u0161iv\u00e1<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, v kontexte <\/span><b>prevratn\u00e1 inov\u00e1cia<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Christensen ako prv\u00fd definoval, ak\u00fd je mechanizmus ich vzniku, ako si napriek zdanlivo mal\u00e9mu potenci\u00e1lu napokon podmania svet a bu\u010f zlikviduj\u00fa firmy, na\u0161tartuj\u00fa k nov\u00e9mu rastu, alebo daj\u00fa \u0161ancu konkurencii, hoci dovtedy bezv\u00fdznamnej. V<\/span>o svojej <strong>te\u00f3rii overenej praxou<\/strong> <strong>dok\u00e1zal<\/strong>, \u017ee <i>intuit\u00edvny odhad<\/i> je v biznise skoro na ni\u010d, ak m\u00e1 podnik prosperova\u0165 dlhodobo. Dokonca odhalil, \u017ee ani samotn\u00fd podnik nie je t\u00fdm hlavn\u00fdm, \u010do mus\u00ed nutne pretrva\u0165, preto\u017ee podstatnej\u0161ou sa uk\u00e1zala schopnos\u0165 spozorova\u0165 prevratn\u00e9 inov\u00e1cie v\u010das, investova\u0165 do nich, reagova\u0165 na zmeny na trhu a neb\u00e1\u0165 sa radik\u00e1lnych zmien. Jednou z nich m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 aj zatvorenie p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho podniku, hoci sa to na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead zd\u00e1 ako prehra.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V knihe Dilema inov\u00e1tora Christensen odpoved\u00e1 aj na nasledovn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u010co je to vlastne t\u00e1 dilema inov\u00e1tora?\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa rozdiely medzi udr\u017eiavac\u00edmi a ru\u0161iv\u00fdmi, prevratn\u00fdmi inov\u00e1ciami?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u010co je podstatou skuto\u010dne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch inov\u00e1ci\u00ed a ako ich nach\u00e1dza\u0165 vo vlastnom podnikan\u00ed?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ako rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 perspekt\u00edvnu inov\u00e1ciu od tej, ktor\u00fa trh odmietne?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ako ust\u00e1\u0165 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd konkuren\u010dn\u00fd s\u00faboj otvoren\u00e9ho trhu?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ako riadi\u0165 firmy, aby boli dlhodobo udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ako prekona\u0165 ove\u013ea v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu a finan\u010dne lep\u0161ie zabezpe\u010den\u00fa konkurenciu?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>\u201eNau\u010di\u0165 niekoho, ako m\u00e1 myslie\u0165, je hodnotnej\u0161ie ako u\u010di\u0165, \u010do si m\u00e1 myslie\u0165<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,\u201c uviedol Christensen, ke\u010f sp\u00e4tne uva\u017eoval o stretnut\u00ed s niekdaj\u0161\u00edm \u0161\u00e9fom spolo\u010dnosti Intel, Andym Grovom.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pochopi\u0165, \u017ee svet sa men\u00ed a v\u00fdv\u00edja, to je hlavn\u00fd pilier my\u0161lienkov\u00fdch vzorcov, ktor\u00e9 Christensen vyu\u017eil vo svojom \u017eivotnom diele Dilema inov\u00e1tora. Pr\u00e1ve 10. janu\u00e1ra 2022 toto dielo vstupuje do predaja v slovenskom preklade.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Je tak jednoduch\u00fd, a\u017e je geni\u00e1lny &#8211; a bude sa opakova\u0165 a\u017e do nekone\u010dna, \u010do je na jednej strane hrozba, na druhej pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7444","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7444","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7444"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7444\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7444"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7444"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7444"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}