{"id":7455,"date":"2022-01-04T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-01-03T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/je-zavislost-od-technologii-novodoby-problem\/"},"modified":"2022-01-04T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-01-03T23:00:00","slug":"je-zavislost-od-technologii-novodoby-problem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/je-zavislost-od-technologii-novodoby-problem\/","title":{"rendered":"Je z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od technol\u00f3gi\u00ed novodob\u00fd probl\u00e9m?"},"content":{"rendered":"Ilustra\u010dn\u00fd obr\u00e1zok: Cottonbro na Pexels\n<p>Od n\u00e1stupu internetu a smartf\u00f3nov sa pod\u013ea v\u00fdskumov zvy\u0161uje po\u010det \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed <strong>bojuj\u00fa so z\u00e1vislos\u0165ou od technol\u00f3gi\u00ed<\/strong>. T\u00fato z\u00e1vislos\u0165 pod\u013ea odborn\u00edkov mo\u017eno prida\u0165 na zoznam behavior\u00e1lnych z\u00e1vislost\u00ed. Nielen mlad\u00ed, ale u\u017e aj dospel\u00ed \u013eudia nezriedka poci\u0165uj\u00fa potrebu by\u0165 <strong>neust\u00e1le \u201epripojen\u00ed\u201c k soci\u00e1lnym m\u00e9di\u00e1m a internetu<\/strong>. \u010casto t\u00e1to potreba vedie a\u017e k strachu, \u017ee nie\u010do <strong>zme\u0161kaj\u00fa a bud\u00fa odstr\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> od kolekt\u00edvu.<\/p>\n<h3>\u010co je z\u00e1vislos\u0165?<\/h3>\n<p>Z\u00e1vislos\u0165 poch\u00e1dza z latinsk\u00e9ho slova ozna\u010duj\u00faceho<strong> zotro\u010denie<\/strong>. Je to nutkav\u00e1 t\u00fa\u017eba, ktor\u00e1 <strong>\u0161kod\u00ed<\/strong> postihnut\u00e9mu \u010dloveku.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eJe to s\u00fastredenie mozgu len na jednu vec, v\u0161etko ostatn\u00e9 je zatraten\u00e9.\u201c Marc Lewis, neurol\u00f3g<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Mnoh\u00e9 potenci\u00e1lne n\u00e1vykov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky nesp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa z\u00e1vislos\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e9mu. Takmer ka\u017ed\u00fd ich m\u00f4\u017ee bezpe\u010dne pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 s mierou. \u013dudia pij\u00fa alkohol, hoci nie s\u00fa alkoholici. <strong>Mno\u017estvo a negat\u00edvne dopady na \u017eivot<\/strong> odli\u0161uj\u00fa z\u00e1visl\u00e9ho od zdrav\u00e9ho \u010dloveka.<\/p>\n<h3>Fyzick\u00e1 vs behavior\u00e1lna z\u00e1vislos\u0165<\/h3>\n<p>Ke\u010f niekto u\u017e\u00edva ur\u010dit\u00fa l\u00e1tku, \u010di u\u017e na <strong>lek\u00e1rsky predpis alebo neleg\u00e1lne<\/strong>, jeho telo si m\u00f4\u017ee vypestova\u0165 z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od tejto l\u00e1tky. Po ur\u010ditom \u010dase t\u00e1to z\u00e1vislos\u0165 m\u00f4\u017ee prer\u00e1s\u0165 do <strong>t\u00fa\u017eby po droge<\/strong> a nakoniec\u00a0 bez nej \u010dlovek nem\u00f4\u017ee \u017ei\u0165 a <strong>st\u00e1va sa nevypo\u010d\u00edtate\u013en\u00fdm<\/strong>. Tak\u00e9to \u00fa\u010dinky maj\u00fa niektor\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, ako napr\u00edklad <strong>opioidy<\/strong> and <strong>benzodiazep\u00edny<\/strong>. S\u00fa n\u00e1vykovej\u0161ie ako in\u00e9 l\u00e1tky. Vysok\u00e1 n\u00e1vykovos\u0165 u t\u00fdchto l\u00e1tok je sp\u00f4soben\u00e1<strong> chemick\u00fdmi reakciami v na\u0161om tele<\/strong>. Tak\u00e9to z\u00e1vislosti sa ozna\u010duj\u00fa ako fyzick\u00e9. Hoci sa diskutuje o tom, ako by mala spolo\u010dnos\u0165 zaobch\u00e1dza\u0165 s \u013eu\u010fmi trpiacimi z\u00e1vislos\u0165ou, niet poch\u00fdb o tom, \u017ee <strong>fyzick\u00fa z\u00e1vislos\u0165<\/strong> za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa tis\u00edce \u013eud\u00ed po celom svete.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Behavior\u00e1lne (nel\u00e1tkov\u00e9) z\u00e1vislosti,<\/strong> ktor\u00e9 nes\u00favisia s drogami, s\u00fa v\u0161ak \u00faplne in\u00e1 vec. Medzi ne m\u00f4\u017eu patri\u0165 napr\u00edklad: <strong>hazardn\u00e9 hry, nakupovanie ale aj internet<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ColumnWrap ColumnWrap--double editor-content\">\n<div class=\"ColumnWrap__column editor-content\">\n<h3>Z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od technol\u00f3gii<\/h3>\n<p>Je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 ur\u010di\u0165, ko\u013eko mlad\u00fdch dospel\u00fdch dnes trp\u00ed z\u00e1vislos\u0165ou od technol\u00f3gi\u00ed. V \u0161t\u00fadii z roku 2012 sa zistilo, \u017ee 4,4 % eur\u00f3pskych dospievaj\u00facich vykazovalo tzv. <strong>\u201epatologick\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie internetu\u201c<\/strong> a pribli\u017ene 14 % vykazovalo tzv. <strong>\u201emaladapt\u00edvne (\u0161kodliv\u00e9) pou\u017e\u00edvanie internetu\u201c<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia zistila, \u017ee pribli\u017ene u 10 % \u013eud\u00ed nadmern\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie internetu zasahuje do <strong>ich pracovn\u00e9ho, rodinn\u00e9ho alebo spolo\u010densk\u00e9ho \u017eivota<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Pozeran\u00edm na display tr\u00e1vime \u010doraz viac \u010dasu (Obr\u00e1zok:Visuals)\n<h3>Ako z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od technol\u00f3gi\u00ed ovplyv\u0148uje mozog<\/h3>\n<p>Technol\u00f3gie u n\u00e1s m\u00f4\u017eu vyvol\u00e1va\u0165 opakovan\u00fa slu\u010dku. T\u00e1 sa za\u010d\u00edna <strong>o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00edm<\/strong>, po ktorom nasleduje<strong> odmena<\/strong>. Odmena a s \u0148ou spojen\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 pocity s\u00fa zapr\u00ed\u010dinen\u00e9 uvo\u013enen\u00edm<strong> dopam\u00ednu<\/strong> a in\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tok. Spusti\u0165 proces odme\u0148ovania v na\u0161om mozgu m\u00f4\u017ee napr\u00edklad <strong>v\u00fdhra vo videohre alebo z\u00edskanie lajkov na na\u0161ej fotke<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u010casom \u010dlovek za\u010dne t\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 po tomto uvo\u013e\u0148ovan\u00ed dopam\u00ednu a \u010dasto potrebuje \u010doraz viac podnetov, aby dosiahol rovnak\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok.<\/p>\n<h3>5 typov z\u00e1vislosti od internetu<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od kybernetick\u00e9ho sexu<\/strong><br \/>\nTak\u00e1to z\u00e1vislos\u0165 zah\u0155\u0148a <strong>online pornografiu, webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky pre dospel\u00fdch, sexu\u00e1lne fant\u00e1zie\/chaty pre dospel\u00fdch a slu\u017eby webov\u00fdch kamier XXX<\/strong>. Posadnutos\u0165 ktorouko\u013evek z t\u00fdchto slu\u017eieb m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 \u0161kodliv\u00e1 pre schopnos\u0165 \u010dloveka vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 re\u00e1lne sexu\u00e1lne, romantick\u00e9 alebo int\u00edmne vz\u0165ahy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sie\u0165ov\u00e9 nutkania<\/strong><br \/>\nSie\u0165ov\u00e9 nutkania sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa interakt\u00edvnych \u010dinnost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno vykon\u00e1va\u0165 online. Sprvu nevinn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 ve\u013emi \u0161kodliv\u00e9. <strong>Online hazardn\u00e9 hry, obchodovanie s akciami, online aukcie (napr\u00edklad eBay) a nutkav\u00e9 online nakupovanie<\/strong> m\u00f4\u017ee zruinova\u0165 nejednu pe\u0148a\u017eenku. M\u00ed\u0148anie alebo prehr\u00e1vanie nadmern\u00fdch s\u00fam pe\u0148az\u00ed m\u00f4\u017ee taktie\u017e sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 nezhody vo vz\u0165ahoch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od online vz\u0165ahov\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/strong>Osoby z\u00e1visl\u00e9 od online vz\u0165ahov \u010dasto zab\u00fadaj\u00fa a zanedb\u00e1vaj\u00fa rodinu a priate\u013eov v re\u00e1lnom \u017eivote a plne sa s\u00fatredia len na h\u013eadanie a rozvoj vz\u0165ahov prostredn\u00edctvom siete. Zvy\u010dajne sa <strong>online vz\u0165ahy<\/strong> vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa v chatov\u00fdch miestnostiach alebo na r\u00f4znych soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach. \u013dudia, ktor\u00ed nadv\u00e4zuj\u00fa tak\u00e9to vz\u0165ahy, \u010dasto<strong> skr\u00fdvaj\u00fa svoju skuto\u010dn\u00fa identitu a vzh\u013ead<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Foto: Markus Winkler\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nutkav\u00e9 vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/strong><br \/>\nInternet poskytuje pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom mno\u017estvo \u00fadajov a vedomost\u00ed. Pre niektor\u00fdch sa mo\u017enos\u0165 \u013eahko vyh\u013eada\u0165 inform\u00e1cie zmenila na <strong>nekontrolovate\u013en\u00e9 nutkanie zhroma\u017e\u010fova\u0165 a organizova\u0165 \u00fadaje<\/strong>. V niektor\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch je vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed prejavom u\u017e existuj\u00facich obsedantno-kompulz\u00edvnych tendenci\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch hier<\/strong><br \/>\nZ\u00e1vislos\u0165 od po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, niekedy ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 ako z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch hier, zah\u0155\u0148a<strong> online a offline aktivity<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno vykon\u00e1va\u0165 pomocou po\u010d\u00edta\u010da.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Foto: Fredrick Tendong\n<p>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Od n\u00e1stupu internetu a smartf\u00f3nov sa pod\u013ea v\u00fdskumov zvy\u0161uje po\u010det \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed bojuj\u00fa so z\u00e1vislos\u0165ou od technol\u00f3gi\u00ed. T\u00fato z\u00e1vislos\u0165 pod\u013ea odborn\u00edkov mo\u017eno prida\u0165 na zoznam<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7455","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7455"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7455\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7455"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7455"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7455"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}