{"id":7559,"date":"2022-02-24T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-23T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/top-najjedovatejsie-hady-sveta\/"},"modified":"2022-02-24T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-02-23T23:00:00","slug":"top-najjedovatejsie-hady-sveta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/top-najjedovatejsie-hady-sveta\/","title":{"rendered":"TOP najjedovatej\u0161ie hady sveta"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Len m\u00e1lo zvierat<strong> vyvol\u00e1va v \u013eu\u010foch to\u013eko strachu<\/strong> ako hady.<\/p>\n<p>Aj ke\u010f \u0161anca, \u017ee <strong>naraz\u00edte na jedovat\u00e9ho hada, ktor\u00fd v\u00e1s uhryzne a zomriete na tox\u00edn vstreknut\u00fd do tela, je minim\u00e1lna<\/strong> v porovnan\u00ed so smr\u0165ou na rakovinu, srdcov\u00e9 choroby alebo automobilov\u00fa nehodu, tento zdanlivo neopodstatnen\u00fd strach zost\u00e1va pre mnoh\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed ve\u013emi aktu\u00e1lny.<\/p>\n<p>Hady, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa tu op\u00edsan\u00e9, \u017eij\u00fa predov\u0161etk\u00fdm<strong> v tropick\u00fdch oblastiach, ale niektor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu \u017ei\u0165 vo v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch centr\u00e1ch a zoologick\u00fdch z\u00e1hrad\u00e1ch<\/strong> vo va\u0161ej bl\u00edzkosti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Nezvy\u010dajn\u00fd moment, dve mamby \u010dierne &#8222;kamar\u00e1tky&#8220;. Zdroj: africahunting.com\n<h3>Mamba \u010dierna<\/h3>\n<p><strong>(Dendroaspis polylepis)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u010cierna alebo \u010dierno\u00fasta mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis) ob\u00fdva skalnat\u00fa savanu a \u010dasto sa s \u0148ou mo\u017eno stretn\u00fa\u0165 na zemi, kde ob\u013eubuje termiti\u0161tia.<\/p>\n<p>Napriek n\u00e1zvu s\u00fa <strong>tieto hady zriedka \u010dierne. <\/strong>Namiesto toho s\u00fa<strong> olivov\u00e9, hnedo-siv\u00e9 alebo khaki,\u00a0a ich n\u00e1zov je odvoden\u00fd od s\u010dernen\u00e9ho vn\u00fatra \u00fast<\/strong>. Mamba \u010dierna je ob\u00e1van\u00e1, preto\u017ee je<strong> ve\u013ek\u00e1, r\u00fdchla a m\u00e1 mimoriadne siln\u00fd jed<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd zab\u00edja v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu \u013eudsk\u00fdch obet\u00ed. Po uhryznut\u00ed m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dlovek zomrie\u0165 do 30 min\u00fat, preto\u017ee jed paralyzuje telo obete.<\/p>\n Mamba \u010dierna, ktor\u00e1 sa \u017eiv\u00ed svojou koris\u0165ou. Zdroj: worldatlas.com\n<p>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina<strong> nedorast\u00e1 do d\u013a\u017eky viac ako 3 metre, ale boli hl\u00e1sen\u00e9 zriedkav\u00e9 pr\u00edpady t\u00fdchto hadov, ktor\u00e9 merali a\u017e 5 metrov!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Na rozdiel od mnoh\u00fdch hadov, ke\u010f mamba \u010dierna vych\u00e1dza z vaj\u00ed\u010dka, jej tes\u00e1ky s\u00fa plne funk\u010dn\u00e9. Tieto hady sa m\u00f4\u017eu pohybova\u0165 <strong>r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou a\u017e 20 kilometrov za hodinu<\/strong>, a ke\u010f sa pon\u00e1h\u013eaj\u00fa, udr\u017eia asi 33 % tela zdvihnut\u00fdch nad zemou!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Boomslang. Zdroj: en.wikipedia.org\n<h3>Boomslang<\/h3>\n<p><strong>(Dispholidus typus)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Boomslang je jedovat\u00fd had poch\u00e1dzaj\u00faci zo <strong>subsaharskej Afriky<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd<strong> meria a\u017e 1,6 metra a m\u00e1 jedine\u010dn\u00fd vzh\u013ead<\/strong> s pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ek\u00fdmi o\u010dami vo vajcovitej hlave\u00a0a svetlozelen\u00fdm vzorovan\u00fdm telom. Jeho meno znamen\u00e1 v afrik\u00e1n\u010dine \u201estromov\u00fd had\u201c &#8211; lov\u00ed napodob\u0148ovan\u00edm kon\u00e1ra, pri\u010dom predn\u00fa \u010das\u0165 svojho tela nehybne na\u0165ahuje zo stromu.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1 ve\u013emi siln\u00fd jed, ktor\u00fd znemo\u017e\u0148uje zr\u00e1\u017eanie krvi a<strong> vedie k vn\u00fatorn\u00e9mu a vonkaj\u0161iemu krv\u00e1caniu, ktor\u00e9 zab\u00edja obe\u0165<\/strong>. Jed je dod\u00e1van\u00fd cez ve\u013ek\u00e9 tes\u00e1ky umiestnen\u00e9 v zadnej \u010dasti \u010de\u013euste, ktor\u00e9 sa pri uhryznut\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eu otvori\u0165 na 170\u00b0.<\/p>\n<p>Boomslang je <strong>plach\u00fd had, ktor\u00fd pri ohrozen\u00ed naf\u00fakne krk na dvojn\u00e1sobok svojej ve\u013ekosti<\/strong> a odhal\u00ed pestrofarebn\u00fa chlop\u0148u ko\u017ee medzi \u0161upinami. Smr\u0165 po uhryznut\u00ed boomslangom m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 hrozn\u00e1. <strong>Obete trpia rozsiahlym krv\u00e1can\u00edm do svalov a mozgu a navy\u0161e krv za\u010dne presakova\u0165 z ka\u017ed\u00e9ho mo\u017en\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu, vr\u00e1tane \u010fasien a nosn\u00fdch dierok, a dokonca aj t\u00fdch najmen\u0161\u00edch rezn\u00fdch r\u00e1n<\/strong>. Krv za\u010dne prech\u00e1dza\u0165 cez telo prostredn\u00edctvom stolice, mo\u010du, sl\u00edn a zvratkov obete a\u017e do smrti. Na\u0161\u0165astie existuje protijed, ak ho obe\u0165 dostane v\u010das.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Najdlh\u0161\u00ed jedovat\u00fd had na svete<\/h3>\n<h3>Kobra kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e1<\/h3>\n<p><strong>(Ophiophagus hannah)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Kobra kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e1 je <strong>najdlh\u0161\u00edm jedovat\u00fdm hadom na svete, dorast\u00e1 do d\u013a\u017eky a\u017e 5,5 metra<\/strong>. Tento druh \u017eije najm\u00e4 v <strong>zalesnen\u00fdch oblastiach \u00c1zie \u2013 od Indie cez juhov\u00fdchodn\u00fa \u00c1ziu a\u017e po Filip\u00edny a Indon\u00e9ziu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>With <strong>50% \u00famrtnos\u0165ou na neo\u0161etren\u00e9 \u013eudsk\u00e9 uhryznutie je kobra kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e1 vrcholov\u00fdm pred\u00e1torom<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd si zasl\u00fa\u017ei by\u0165 vysoko na zozname jedovat\u00fdch hadov. Jej uhryznutie prin\u00e1\u0161a obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo neurotox\u00ednov vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00facich paral\u00fdzu.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1rok na sl\u00e1vu nem\u00e1 ani tak kv\u00f4li sile jej jedu, ale o nie\u010do podstatnej\u0161ie je mno\u017estvo vstreknut\u00e9 obetiam: ka\u017ed\u00e9 uhryznutie dod\u00e1 asi 7 mililitrov jedu a had m\u00e1 tendenciu r\u00fdchlo za\u00fato\u010di\u0165 tromi alebo \u0161tyrmi uhryznutiami. <strong>Dokonca aj jedin\u00e9 uhryznutie m\u00f4\u017ee zabi\u0165 \u010dloveka za 15 min\u00fat a dospel\u00e9ho slona len za p\u00e1r hod\u00edn!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>P\u00f4sobiv\u00fd zrak jej umo\u017e\u0148uje <strong>zbada\u0165 pohybuj\u00facu sa osobu na vzdialenos\u0165 takmer 100 metrov<\/strong>. Ke\u010f je kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e1 kobra <strong>ohrozen\u00e1, pou\u017eije \u0161peci\u00e1lne rebr\u00e1 a svaly na krku, aby otvorila svoju \u201ekapucu\u201c<\/strong> alebo ko\u017eu okolo hlavy &#8211; tieto hady m\u00f4\u017eu tie\u017e zdvihn\u00fa\u0165 zo zeme asi tretinu d\u013a\u017eky svojho tela.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n V\u00fdchodn\u00fd hned\u00fd had. Zdroj: flickr.com\n<h3>V\u00fdchodn\u00fd hned\u00fd had<\/h3>\n<p><strong>(Pseudonaja textilis)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Je pova\u017eovan\u00fd za<strong> druh\u00e9ho najjedovatej\u0161ieho suchozemsk\u00e9ho hada na svete, a je zodpovedn\u00fd za pribli\u017ene 60 % \u00famrt\u00ed<\/strong> na uhryznutie hadom v Austr\u00e1lii.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky jedu ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa obehov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, \u010do vedie ku <strong>krv\u00e1caniu, kardiovaskul\u00e1rnemu kolapsu a z\u00e1stave srdca<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>O tomto hadovi a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch hadoch, ktor\u00e9 patria k najjedovatej\u0161\u00edm a najnebezpe\u010dnej\u0161\u00edm na svete sa do\u010d\u00edtate viac v mojom \u010dl\u00e1nku \u201ePre\u010do je Austr\u00e1lia najsmrte\u013enej\u0161\u00ed kontinent?&#8220;\u00a0TU.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Had s najsmrte\u013enej\u0161\u00edm jedom na svete<\/h3>\n<h3>Vn\u00fatrozemsk\u00fd Taipan<\/h3>\n<p><strong>(Oxyuranus microlepidotus)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Uhryznutie vn\u00fatrozemsk\u00e9ho taipana vhodne naz\u00fdvan\u00e9ho aj divok\u00fd had \u2013 prin\u00e1\u0161a skuto\u010dn\u00fa \u010darodejn\u00edcku v\u00e1rku tox\u00ednov. Jed pozost\u00e1va z taipox\u00ednu, komplexnej zmesi neurotox\u00ednov, prokoagulantov a myotox\u00ednov, ktor\u00e9 <strong>paralyzuj\u00fa svaly, br\u00e1nia d\u00fdchaniu, sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa krv\u00e1canie v cievach a tkaniv\u00e1ch a po\u0161kodzuj\u00fa svaly<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Jeho uhryznutie je <strong>smrte\u013en\u00e9 vo viac ako 80% nelie\u010den\u00fdch pr\u00edpadov a m\u00f4\u017ee zabi\u0165 \u010dloveka za menej ako hodinu<\/strong>. Vn\u00fatrozemsk\u00fd taipan je bezpochyby najnebezpe\u010dnej\u0161\u00edm hadom pre \u013eud\u00ed a <strong>mo\u017eno ho pova\u017eova\u0165 za najsmrte\u013enej\u0161ie zviera na plan\u00e9te<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Barba Amarilla. Zdroj: flickr.com\n<h3>Barba Amarilla<\/h3>\n<p><strong>(Bothrops atrox)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Tieto stredoamerick\u00e9 a juhoamerick\u00e9 hady sa po \u0161panielsky ozna\u010duj\u00fa ako \u201e\u017elt\u00e1 brada\u201c a <strong>vyzna\u010duj\u00fa sa splo\u0161ten\u00fdmi hlavami<\/strong>. Samice, ktor\u00e9 dorastaj\u00fa do d\u013a\u017eky 1,8 metra, s\u00fa z tohto druhu tie hrub\u0161ie a dlh\u0161ie, s v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edmi hlavami a v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edmi tes\u00e1kmi.<\/p>\n<p>Barba amarillas s\u00fa <strong>podr\u00e1\u017eden\u00e9 a r\u00fdchle hady, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa poves\u0165, \u017ee s\u00fa nepredv\u00eddate\u013en\u00e9 a \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9<\/strong>. Ich jed je nekrotizuj\u00faci, mimoriadne bolestiv\u00fd a \u010dasto smrte\u013en\u00fd. V kombin\u00e1ci\u00ed so schopnos\u0165ou premieta\u0165 sa vzduchom takmer dva metre a hr\u00fdz\u0165 s hlavou vysoko nad zemou, je \u013eahk\u00e9 pochopi\u0165, pre\u010do je barba amarilla <strong>jedn\u00fdm z najsmrte\u013enej\u0161\u00edch jedovat\u00fdch hadov<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00fa zodpovedn\u00e9 za pribli\u017ene<strong> polovicu v\u0161etk\u00fdch otr\u00e1v jedom had\u00edm u\u0161tipnut\u00edm v Strednej Amerike<\/strong>. Samica barba amarilla m\u00f4\u017ee naraz porodi\u0165 a\u017e 90 potomkov!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Len m\u00e1lo zvierat vyvol\u00e1va v \u013eu\u010foch to\u013eko strachu ako hady. Aj ke\u010f \u0161anca, \u017ee naraz\u00edte na jedovat\u00e9ho hada, ktor\u00fd v\u00e1s uhryzne a zomriete na tox\u00edn<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7559","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7559","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7559"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7559\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7559"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7559"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7559"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}