{"id":7567,"date":"2022-02-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-27T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/lidar-technologia-podzemne-zeleznice-usa\/"},"modified":"2022-02-28T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-02-27T23:00:00","slug":"lidar-technologia-podzemne-zeleznice-usa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/lidar-technologia-podzemne-zeleznice-usa\/","title":{"rendered":"Met\u00f3da LiDAR pom\u00e1ha mapova\u0165 podzemn\u00e9 \u017eeleznice"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Podzemn\u00e9 \u017eeleznice boli jedinou cestou k slobode<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Podzemn\u00e9 \u017eeleznice<\/strong> zachr\u00e1nili \u017eivot mnoh\u00fdm \u013eu\u010fom h\u013eadaj\u00facim slobodu. <strong>Syst\u00e9m tajn\u00fdch ciest<\/strong> pon\u00fakal zotro\u010den\u00fdm (preva\u017ene) Afroameri\u010danom cestu za \u00fato\u010diskom a\u00a0pomocou. Presn\u00fd d\u00e1tum vzniku skryt\u00fdch stan\u00edc nie je zn\u00e1my, ale vybudovala sa okolo roku 1830.\u00a0 Najintenz\u00edvnej\u0161ie <strong>fungovala do vypuknutia vojny medzi Severom a\u00a0Juhom <\/strong>(1861 \u2013 1865), no ani potom neut\u00edchla snaha o oslobodenie otrokov.<\/p>\n Otroci zbieraj\u00fa cukrov\u00fa trstinu na ostrove Antigua (1823). zdroj: unsplash.com\n<p>Trasy \u010dasto<strong> sledovali prirodzen\u00e9 vodn\u00e9 cesty, chodn\u00edky<\/strong> a viedli z miest zotro\u010denia na juhu do severn\u00fdch a z\u00e1padn\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov, kde bolo otroctvo nez\u00e1konn\u00e9. Cesty sa takisto vyu\u017e\u00edvali\u00a0 na \u00fatek do Kanady, Mexika, Floridy, na karibsk\u00e9 ostrovy a do Eur\u00f3py.<\/p>\n<p>Utajenie bolo rozhoduj\u00facim faktorom pri zaisten\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti \u013eud\u00ed na \u00fateku. Preto sa dlh\u00fd \u010das verilo, \u017ee otvoren\u00e9 trasy a ich detailn\u00e9 umiestnenie ostan\u00fa nav\u017edy nen\u00e1jden\u00e9. Tie \u010do sa zachovali, sl\u00fa\u017eia ako <strong>memento pre spolo\u010dnos\u0165.<\/strong> Medzi historick\u00e9 pamiatky patr\u00ed napr\u00edklad dom Jacksonovcov v meste Newton (Massachusetts) \u010di kostol Bethel AME v Greenwich Township (New Jersey).<\/p>\n<h3>\u00dateky do Kanady<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1kon<\/strong> zverejnen\u00fd v\u00a0roku 1793 <strong>znemo\u017enil otrokom opusti\u0165 miesto, kde museli sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165.<\/strong> Ak ich chytili, bolo im <strong>odopret\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo postavi\u0165 sa pred s\u00fad a\u00a0vr\u00e1tili sa nasp\u00e4\u0165 k\u00a0svoj\u00edm majite\u013eom.<\/strong> \u0160t\u00e1ty v severnej \u010dasti Ameriky do roku 1804 skoncovali s ak\u00fdmko\u013evek z\u00e1konom schva\u013euj\u00facim otroctvo, na juhu sa v\u0161ak dial presn\u00fd opak.<\/p>\n Tis\u00edce otrokov pracovali na plant\u00e1\u017each s honosn\u00fdmi vilami, ktor\u00e9 stoja dodnes. zdroj: unsplash.com\n<p><strong>V\u00a0roku 1850 sa z\u00e1kon posilnil<\/strong> a\u00a0uvalil tvrd\u0161ie sankcie nielen na otrokov, ale takisto na \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed im pom\u00e1hali. <strong>Po\u010das tohto obdobia sa ale neprest\u00e1valo s\u00a0pomocou pre otrokov.<\/strong> Podzemn\u00e9\u00a0 \u017eeleznice ozna\u010dovali aj r\u00f4zne zast\u00e1vky na povrchu, cez ktor\u00e9 sa \u013eudia pres\u00favali. Odhady po\u010dtu t\u00fdch, ktor\u00fdm zabezpe\u010dili \u00fatek sa uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v\u00a0rozp\u00e4t\u00ed od 40 000 do 100\u00a0000.<\/p>\n<p>Kv\u00f4li snahe zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 odhaleniu, dostali skupiny aj miesta r\u00f4zne prez\u00fdvky. Takzvan\u00ed<strong> \u201esprievodcovia\u201c<\/strong> viedli zhroma\u017eden\u00fa skupinu \u013eud\u00ed tak, aby nepozorovane pre\u0161li na \u010fal\u0161ie miesto. \u00dakryty zah\u0155\u0148ali obytn\u00e9 domy, kostoly a \u0161koly. Naz\u00fdvali sa<strong> \u201estanice\u201c,<\/strong> \u201ebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 domy\u201c a \u201esklady\u201c. \u013dudia, ktor\u00ed ich tam \u010dakali sa naz\u00fdvali <strong>\u201eprednostovia stanice\u201c.<\/strong> Ke\u010f skupina nabrala silu a doplnila si z\u00e1soby jedla, vydala sa na \u010fal\u0161ie putovanie. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou \u013eudia prech\u00e1dzali severn\u00fdmi \u0161t\u00e1tmi, aby sa dostali do zas\u013e\u00fabenej zeme \u2013 Kanady.<\/p>\n<h3>Nov\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie odhalili hist\u00f3riu<\/h3>\n<p>Po\u010das uplynul\u00fdch rokov archeol\u00f3govia neprestajne analyzovali vymedzen\u00e9 \u00fazemia. Niektor\u00e9 cesty boli v\u0161ak tak dobre ukryt\u00e9, \u017ee museli pou\u017ei\u0165 viac technologick\u00fdch met\u00f3d. <strong>Pomocou term\u00e1lnych dronov a laserov\u00fdch impulzov<\/strong> nahliadli cez hust\u00fa veget\u00e1ciu a\u00a0zasypan\u00e9 \u0161achty. Na\u0161li tunely, jaskyne a \u00fato\u010disk\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 na nebezpe\u010dnej ceste za slobodou poskytli \u013eu\u010fom aspo\u0148 chv\u00ed\u013eu na odpo\u010dinok.<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"What are the Top 5 uses of Lidar? Why is Lidar so important?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/zREAEdXzOcw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>V Prospect Bluff (Florida) je vybudovan\u00e1 \u0161panielska pevnos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 bola d\u00f4le\u017eitou zast\u00e1vkou na ju\u017enej vetve podzemnej \u017eeleznice. Impulzy laserov\u00e9ho l\u00fa\u010da v\u0161ak vo fotodetektore vyhodnotili, \u017ee sa pod pevnos\u0165ou skr\u00fdvaj\u00fa tajn\u00e9 cesty. Technol\u00f3gia sa naz\u00fdva<strong> LiDAR <\/strong>a\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edva sa nielen pri zobrazovan\u00ed 3D modelov m\u00e1p. \u00a0Dopravn\u00ed policajti \u0148ou meraj\u00fa r\u00fdchlos\u0165 a <strong>postupne sa st\u00e1va s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou auton\u00f3mnych \u00e1ut.<\/strong> V porovnan\u00ed so zd\u013ahav\u00fdm archeologick\u00fdm kopan\u00edm ide o<strong> r\u00fdchlej\u0161\u00ed proces objavovania.<\/strong> Z\u00e1rove\u0148 poskytne <strong>kvalitn\u00fd n\u00e1h\u013ead na okolit\u00e9 ruiny.<\/strong> V Kansase a Ont\u00e1riu objavil LiDAr pochovan\u00e9 zvy\u0161ky \u0161trukt\u00far spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0podzemnou \u017eeleznicou v\u00a0dnes u\u017e neexistuj\u00facich mest\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>Prieskum v Ju\u017enej Karol\u00edne sa pre zmenu obr\u00e1til na<strong> magnetometriu.<\/strong> Je to technika meraj\u00faca mal\u00e9 posuny v magnetickom poli Zeme <strong>na identifik\u00e1ciu ur\u010dit\u00fdch kovov.<\/strong> Z\u00e1merom bolo n\u00e1js\u0165 potopen\u00fa lo\u010f Konfeder\u00e1cie, ktor\u00fa presl\u00e1vil bojovn\u00edk za slobodu &#8211;<strong> Robert Smalls<\/strong>. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci svojej pr\u00e1ce sa stal zn\u00e1mym ako jeden z najlep\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1morn\u00fdch pilotov. Konfeder\u00e1cia v\u0161ak tento titul odmietala udeli\u0165 jemu \u010di ak\u00e9muko\u013evek zotro\u010den\u00e9mu mu\u017eovi. Smalls <strong>oslobodil seba a svoju rodinu z otroctva<\/strong> v roku 1862, ke\u010f sa \u00faspe\u0161ne doplavil do bezpe\u010dia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zdroje: www.history.com, www.livescience.com, www.nationalgeographic.com<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Zdroj titulnej fotografie: unsplash.com<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Podzemn\u00e9 \u017eeleznice boli jedinou cestou k slobode Podzemn\u00e9 \u017eeleznice zachr\u00e1nili \u017eivot mnoh\u00fdm \u013eu\u010fom h\u013eadaj\u00facim slobodu. Syst\u00e9m tajn\u00fdch ciest pon\u00fakal zotro\u010den\u00fdm (preva\u017ene) Afroameri\u010danom cestu za \u00fato\u010diskom<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7567","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7567","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7567"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7567\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7567"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7567"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7567"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}