{"id":7569,"date":"2022-02-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-27T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/bizarny-pribeh-mercy-brownovej\/"},"modified":"2022-02-28T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-02-27T23:00:00","slug":"bizarny-pribeh-mercy-brownovej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/bizarny-pribeh-mercy-brownovej\/","title":{"rendered":"Neuverite\u013ene bizarn\u00fd pr\u00edbeh Mercy Brownovej, prvej \u017eenskej up\u00edrky na svete"},"content":{"rendered":"

Aj ke\u010f aj t\u00ed najzarytej\u0161\u00ed obdivovatelia up\u00edrov uzn\u00e1vaj\u00fa up\u00edrov ako fikt\u00edvne bytosti, boli \u010dasy, ke\u010f sa \u013eudia skuto\u010dne b\u00e1li, \u017ee sa stan\u00fa obe\u0165ou<\/strong> t\u00fdchto det\u00ed noci. D\u00e1vno, pred d\u0148ami emot\u00edvnych deb\u00e1t o v\u00fdhod\u00e1ch Team Edward verzus Team Jacob, \u013eudia venovali ve\u013ea \u010dasu a energie tomu, aby udr\u017eali svoje rodiny v bezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/strong> pred t\u00fdmito krvila\u010dn\u00fdmi pijavicami.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n Vlad Napichova\u010d. Zdroj: history.com\n

Odkia\u013e up\u00edri poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa?<\/h3>\n

Ke\u010f\u017ee takmer ka\u017ed\u00e1 kult\u00fara m\u00e1 svoj vlastn\u00fd typ up\u00edrskeho m\u00fdtu<\/strong>, je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 n\u00e1js\u0165 presn\u00fd \u010das, kedy bola my\u0161lienka up\u00edra vytvoren\u00e1. Aby ste sa v\u0161ak dostali k p\u00f4vodu modernej legendy o up\u00edroch, mus\u00edte sa vr\u00e1ti\u0165 do Rumunska z 15. storo\u010dia a k Vladovi Draculovi, zn\u00e1memu aj ako Vlad Napichova\u010d<\/strong>. Vlad bol vrah, nie up\u00edr, ale in\u0161piroval autora Brama Stokera<\/strong>, aby vo svojej knihe Dracula z roku 1897 pomenoval svoju dnes u\u017e sl\u00e1vnu postavu up\u00edra \u201eGr\u00f3f Dracula\u201c.<\/p>\n

V priebehu storo\u010d\u00ed sa vyskytlo mno\u017estvo up\u00edrich k\u00e1uz, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa \u010dasto spojen\u00e9 s roz\u0161\u00edrenou chorobou, ako je eur\u00f3psky mor alebo nepochopen\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 deform\u00e1cie<\/strong>. Eric Nuzum vo svojej knihe The Dead Travel Fast: Stalking Vampires from Nosfuratu to Count Chocula uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee viera \u013eud\u00ed v up\u00edrov im pomohla definova\u0165 veci, ktor\u00fdm nerozumeli a nedok\u00e1zali ich vysvetli\u0165<\/strong>, konkr\u00e9tne smr\u0165 a choroby.<\/p>\n

Up\u00edrska povera prekvitala v stredoveku, najm\u00e4 ke\u010f mor zdecimoval cel\u00e9 mest\u00e1. Choroba \u010dasto zanech\u00e1vala na svojich obetiach krv\u00e1caj\u00face l\u00e9zie z \u00fast, \u010do pre nevzdelan\u00fdch bolo neklamn\u00fdm znakom vampirizmu<\/strong>.\u00a0Nebolo nezvy\u010dajn\u00e9, aby bol niekto s nezn\u00e1mou fyzickou alebo emocion\u00e1lnou chorobou ozna\u010den\u00fd za up\u00edra.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n Neuverite\u013ene bizarn\u00fd pr\u00edbeh Mercy Brownovej, \u201eprvej \u017eenskej up\u00edrky\u201c na svete. Zdroj: scoopwhoop.com\n

Mercy Brown<\/h3>\n

Mercy Brown m\u00f4\u017ee konkurova\u0165 gr\u00f3fovi Draculovi ako najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00ed up\u00edr<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Na rozdiel od gr\u00f3fa Draculu v\u0161ak bola Mercy skuto\u010dnou osobou<\/strong>, \u017eila na Rhode Island, a bola dc\u00e9rou farm\u00e1ra Georgea Browna.<\/p>\n

Po tom, \u010do George koncom 19. storo\u010dia pri\u0161iel kv\u00f4li tuberkul\u00f3ze o mnoh\u00fdch \u010dlenov rodiny vr\u00e1tane Mercy<\/strong>, jeho komunita pou\u017eila Mercy ako obetn\u00e9ho bar\u00e1nka na vysvetlenie ich smrti. V tom \u010dase bolo be\u017en\u00e9 vini\u0165 nieko\u013eko \u00famrt\u00ed v jednej rodine na \u201enem\u0155tvych\u201c. Tel\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e9ho m\u0155tveho \u010dlena rodiny \u010dasto exhumovali a h\u013eadali zn\u00e1mky up\u00edrstva<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Ke\u010f bolo telo Mercy exhumovan\u00e9 a nevykazovalo v\u00e1\u017eny rozklad, obyvatelia mesta ju obvinili z toho, \u017ee je up\u00edr. Vyrezali jej srdce, sp\u00e1lili ho a popol potom dali jej chor\u00e9mu bratovi<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd kr\u00e1tko nato zomrel.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n Porfyria zah\u0155\u0148a Guntherovu chorobu a najmenej sedem \u010fal\u0161\u00edch stavov. Zdroj: sk.approby.com\n

Veda za m\u00fdtom<\/h3>\n

Dnes mo\u017eno niektor\u00e9 z najroz\u0161\u00edrenej\u0161\u00edch m\u00fdtov o up\u00edroch vysvetli\u0165 pomocou vedy.<\/p>\n

Strach z d\u00e1vnej minulosti, \u017ee m\u0155tvi m\u00f4\u017eu st\u00e1le ubli\u017eova\u0165 \u017eiv\u00fdm, sa e\u0161te zintenz\u00edvnil, ke\u010f boli m\u0155tve tel\u00e1 exhumovan\u00e9 a zdalo sa, \u017ee im z \u00fast tiekla krv<\/strong>. Bez pochopenia toho, ako sa telo rozklad\u00e1 a \u010do je zn\u00e1me ako \u201e\u010distiaca tekutina\u201c, je \u013eahk\u00e9 pochopi\u0165, ako \u013eudia mohli predpoklada\u0165, \u017ee ich milovan\u00ed vstali z m\u0155tvych a pili \u013eudsk\u00fa krv<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Mnoho ran\u00fdch kostier zo stredoveku bolo n\u00e1jden\u00fdch s tehlami alebo kame\u0148mi vyplnen\u00fdmi \u00fastami alebo kos\u00e1kmi okolo krku<\/strong>, kv\u00f4li tomu, aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo t\u00fdmto m\u0155tvym \u013eu\u010fom vsta\u0165 a za\u00fato\u010di\u0165. Ke\u010f podozriv\u00ed up\u00edr\u00ed zomreli, ich tel\u00e1 boli \u010dasto vykopan\u00e9, aby sa h\u013eadali zn\u00e1mky vampirizmu. V niektor\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch bol cez srdce m\u0155tvoly vrazen\u00fd k\u00f4l, aby sa zabezpe\u010dilo, \u017ee zostane m\u0155tva. In\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy popisuj\u00fa dekapit\u00e1ciu a spa\u013eovanie m\u0155tvol podozriv\u00fdch up\u00edrov a\u017e do dev\u00e4tn\u00e1steho storo\u010dia.<\/p>\n

Niektor\u00ed tie\u017e tvrdili, \u017ee up\u00edri boli v skuto\u010dnosti len \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed trpeli porf\u00fdriou, stavom, ktor\u00fd sp\u00f4sobuje, \u017ee \u010dlovek je citliv\u00fd na slne\u010dn\u00e9 svetlo<\/strong>. \u013dudia s touto chorobou s\u00fa odk\u00e1zan\u00ed na \u017eivot v interi\u00e9ri, preto\u017ee vystavenie svetlu m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k znetvoreniu p\u013euzgiermi. Niekedy s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 aj denn\u00e9 krvn\u00e9 transf\u00fazie. V \u010dase obmedzen\u00e9ho ch\u00e1pania sa \u013eudia b\u00e1li, \u017ee by mohli tento stav\u201echyti\u0165\u201c.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n Up\u00edr pri \u00fatoku. Zdroj: theculturetrip.com\n

Up\u00edri ako ikony popkult\u00fary<\/h3>\n

Mo\u017eno m\u00e1me vedu na na\u0161ej strane, ale ako \u010das plynul, up\u00edri sa stali \u010doraz popul\u00e1rnej\u0161\u00edmi. Od kn\u00edh, cez cere\u00e1lie, a\u017e po<\/strong> prosperuj\u00faci turistick\u00fd priemysel na miestach ako Rumunsko a Forks vo Washingtone<\/strong>, zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee nem\u00f4\u017eeme strias\u0165 na\u0161u fascin\u00e1ciu up\u00edrmi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ale \u010do skuto\u010dn\u00ed up\u00edri?<\/h3>\n

Existuj\u00fa \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed skuto\u010dne konzumuj\u00fa \u013eudsk\u00fa a zvieraciu krv. Stav t\u00fa\u017eby po krvi kv\u00f4li energii, zn\u00e1my aj ako hematom\u00e1nia<\/strong>, je skuto\u010dn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Rozdiel je v tom, \u017ee t\u00edto \u013eudia pij\u00fa od ochotn\u00fdch darcov<\/strong> \u2013 nechc\u00fa by\u0165 zamie\u0148an\u00ed s desiv\u00fdmi zobrazeniami up\u00edrov. T\u00edto \u201eskuto\u010dn\u00ed up\u00edri\u201c s\u00fa \u010dasto len priemern\u00ed \u013eudia s nezvy\u010dajn\u00fdm vkusom. Niektor\u00ed sa rozhodn\u00fa \u017ei\u0165 v podobne zm\u00fd\u0161\u013eaj\u00facich komunit\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Komunity sebaidentifikovan\u00fdch up\u00edrov mo\u017eno n\u00e1js\u0165 na internete, v mest\u00e1ch a obciach po celom svete. Aby sa vyhli op\u00e4tovn\u00e9mu podnecovaniu up\u00edrskych povier, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina modern\u00fdch up\u00edrov sa dr\u017e\u00ed oddelene od zvy\u0161ku spolo\u010dnosti<\/strong> a zvy\u010dajne vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa svoje \u201ek\u0155mne\u201c ritu\u00e1ly, medzi ktor\u00e9 patr\u00ed pitie krvi ochotn\u00fdch darcov s\u00fakromne.<\/p>\n

Niektor\u00ed up\u00edri nepo\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa \u013eudsk\u00fa krv, ale tvrdia, \u017ee sa \u017eivia energiou in\u00fdch<\/strong>. Mnoh\u00ed tvrdia, \u017ee ak sa pravidelne nek\u0155mia, s\u00fa rozru\u0161en\u00ed alebo depres\u00edvni.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina modern\u00fdch up\u00edrov sa dr\u017e\u00ed oddelene od zvy\u0161ku spolo\u010dnosti. Ako funguj\u00fa a \u010do maj\u00fa spolo\u010dn\u00e9 s up\u00edrmi ako ich pozn\u00e1me z filmov?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7569","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7569","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7569"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7569\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7569"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7569"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7569"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}