{"id":7600,"date":"2022-03-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-03-19T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/toto-je-flex-lunarny-rover-novej-generacie\/"},"modified":"2022-03-20T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-03-19T23:00:00","slug":"toto-je-flex-lunarny-rover-novej-generacie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/toto-je-flex-lunarny-rover-novej-generacie\/","title":{"rendered":"Toto je FLEX: lun\u00e1rny rover novej gener\u00e1cie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Americk\u00fd startup s\u00a0n\u00e1zvom <strong>Venturi Astrolab<\/strong> ozn\u00e1mil 10. marca v\u00fdvoj svojho vozidla ur\u010den\u00e9ho na prepravu n\u00e1kladu a\u00a0\u013eud\u00ed po povrchu Mesiaca. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 vo vyhl\u00e1sen\u00ed uviedla, \u017ee <strong>rover FLEX zlep\u0161\u00ed logistiku a\u00a0zn\u00ed\u017ei n\u00e1klady na povrchov\u00fd prieskum Mesiaca<\/strong>. FLEX je \u0161tvorkolesov\u00fd rover ve\u013ek\u00fd asi ako klasick\u00e9 auto. V priebehu nasleduj\u00facich rokov m\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 v pl\u00e1ne vybudova\u0165 hne\u010f nieko\u013eko tak\u00fdchto roverov aby pomohla agent\u00fare NASA ale aj komer\u010dn\u00fdm spolo\u010dnostiam <strong>v\u00a0snahe o\u00a0trval\u00fa \u013eudsk\u00fa pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 na Mesiaci<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>Program Artemis<\/h3>\n<p>Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Venturi Astrolab svoj rover FLEX prim\u00e1rne navrhla <strong>pre program Artemis agent\u00fary NASA<\/strong>. Pr\u00e1ve tento kozmick\u00fd program pl\u00e1nuje obnovenie letov na Mesiac. Je to medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd program pod veden\u00edm <strong>NASA<\/strong>, na ktorom sa v\u0161ak okrem USA podie\u013eaj\u00fa aj <strong>vesm\u00edrne agent\u00fary Japonska, Kanady, Braz\u00edlie, Austr\u00e1lie a Mexika<\/strong>. Jeho prim\u00e1rnym cie\u013eom je vysla\u0165 na povrch Mesiaca <strong>do\u00a0roku 2025 prv\u00fa \u017eenu<\/strong> a \u010fal\u0161ieho mu\u017ea. Napriek tomu, \u017ee tento d\u00e1tum sa m\u00f4\u017ee e\u0161te zmeni\u0165, u\u017e dnes je ist\u00e9, \u017ee pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 misie programu Artemis bud\u00fa potrebova\u0165 <strong>spo\u013eahliv\u00fa a\u00a0flexibiln\u00fa technol\u00f3giu lun\u00e1rnej dopravy<\/strong>. Pod\u013ea spolo\u010dnosti by mohol rover okrem lun\u00e1rnych misi\u00ed pom\u00f4c\u0165 aj pri <strong>bud\u00facich misi\u00e1ch na Marse<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Lun\u00e1rny rover misie Apollo 17 v roku 1972 [Unsplash]\n<p>Samozrejme, podobn\u00e9 robotick\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1 sa vo vesm\u00edre u\u017e nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa. Napr\u00edklad na Marse sa rover <strong>Curiosity<\/strong> pohybuje od roku 2012 a\u00a0nie je tam s\u00e1m. Hne\u010f nieko\u013eko podobn\u00fdch vozidiel sa nach\u00e1dza aj na Mesiaci. Svoje roboty tu m\u00e1<strong> NASA, \u010c\u00edna<\/strong>, ale na povrchu sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa aj stroje <strong>Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu<\/strong>. \u010c\u00ednsky rover Yutu-2, o ktorom sme u\u017e p\u00edsali, sa v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti pohybuje po odvr\u00e1tenej strane Mesiaca.<\/p>\n<p>Na mesa\u010dn\u00fd povrch si dokonca svoje prieskumn\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1 priniesli aj pos\u00e1dky <strong>misie Apollo 15, 16 a\u00a017<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 prebehli v rokoch 1971 a\u017e 1972. Pr\u00e1ve v\u010faka nim mohli astronauti presk\u00fama\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu oblas\u0165 po\u010das ich \u010dasovo obmedzen\u00e9ho pohybu po povrchu Mesiaca. Tieto tri vozidl\u00e1 pre\u0161li spolu <strong>v priemere asi 30 kilometrov<\/strong> a po ukon\u010den\u00ed misi\u00ed ostali na Mesiaci.<\/p>\n<h3>Univerz\u00e1lne vozidlo FLEX (The Flexible Logistics and Exploration rover)<\/h3>\n<p>Vozidlo FLEX sa v\u0161ak od svojich predchodcov dos\u0165 odli\u0161uje. Vozidlo toti\u017e nie je navrhnut\u00e9 len na \u0161pecifick\u00e9 v\u00fdskumn\u00e9 \u00fakony. V\u010faka jeho dizajnu m\u00f4\u017ee sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ako <strong>flexibiln\u00e9 vozidlo pre logistiku a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 prisp\u00f4soben\u00fd na prepravu astronautov<\/strong>. Vozidlo by tak malo rovnako pom\u00f4c\u0165 astronautom pri prieskume Mesiaca, ako aj pri pr\u00e1cach okolo lun\u00e1rnej z\u00e1kladne. Jeho r\u00fdchlos\u0165 sa zatia\u013e odhaduje na <strong>17,7 kilometra za hodinu<\/strong> and\u00a0<strong>nosnos\u0165 takmer 1 500 kilogramov<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Prototyp roveru FLEX v kalifornskej p\u00fa\u0161ti [Venturi Astrolab]\n<p>FLEX by po dokon\u010den\u00ed mohol by\u0165 schopn\u00fd po mesa\u010dnom povrchu <strong>odvies\u0165 a\u017e dvoch astronautov<\/strong>, \u010do je v\u00a0s\u00falade s\u00a0<strong>po\u017eiadavkami NASA Lunar Terrain Vehicle (LTV)<\/strong>. NASA t\u00fato po\u017eiadavku zadala v roku 2020 ako jednu z krit\u00e9ri\u00ed pre v\u00fdvoj novej gener\u00e1cie lun\u00e1rnych roverov. Uv\u00e1dza sa, \u017ee s plne nabit\u00fdmi bat\u00e9riami by vozidlo mohlo vozi\u0165 dvoch astronautov <strong>osem hod\u00edn<\/strong>. Okrem po\u017eiadaviek NASA mus\u00ed rover zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 aj <strong>krut\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 podmienky na Mesiaci<\/strong>. Tam ho toti\u017e \u010dak\u00e1 \u010fal\u0161ie mno\u017estvo v\u00fdziev.<\/p>\n<h3>Lun\u00e1rny rover mus\u00ed by\u0165 ve\u013emi odoln\u00fd<\/h3>\n<p>Odhliadnuc od <strong>zv\u00fd\u0161enej radi\u00e1cie<\/strong>, vozidlo bude musie\u0165 pre\u017ei\u0165 aj <strong>lun\u00e1rnu noc<\/strong>, pri ktorej sa mesa\u010dn\u00fd povrch ponor\u00ed do tmy na dva t\u00fd\u017edne a <strong>teploty m\u00f4\u017eu klesn\u00fa\u0165 pod -130 stup\u0148ov Celzia<\/strong>. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 v\u0161ak uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee tieto probl\u00e9my u\u017e vyrie\u0161ila. Dodala, \u017ee FLEX bude ma\u0165 izol\u00e1ciu a\u00a0dostato\u010dn\u00fa vn\u00fatorn\u00fa kapacitu bat\u00e9rie na to, aby umo\u017enila roveru vydr\u017ea\u0165 a\u00a0zosta\u0165 po\u010das tohto obdobia na\u017eive.<\/p>\n Simul\u00e1cia pr\u00e1ce astronautov s roverom FLEX [Venturi Astrolab]\n<h3>Inov\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 astronautom ur\u010dite pom\u00f4\u017eu<\/h3>\n<p>N\u00e1vrh roveru od spolo\u010dnosti Venturi Astrolab sa l\u00ed\u0161i hlavne v jeho <strong>inovat\u00edvnom logistickom syst\u00e9me<\/strong>. Ten mu umo\u017e\u0148uje zbiera\u0165 a poklada\u0165 moduly s r\u00f4znym obsahom. Rover <strong>sa dok\u00e1\u017ee prikr\u010di\u0165 k povrchu, zdvihn\u00fa\u0165 n\u00e1klad a prenies\u0165 ho<\/strong> na \u0161pecifick\u00e9 miesto. Je schopn\u00fd sa pohybova\u0165 <strong>automaticky, ale m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ovl\u00e1dan\u00fd aj na dia\u013eku<\/strong>. Mohol by tak pom\u00f4c\u0165 s umiestnen\u00edm vedeck\u00fdch pokusov, prieskumn\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed, prenosom n\u00e1radia na v\u00fdstavbu, odobrat\u00fdch vzoriek p\u00f4dy alebo by tento syst\u00e9m mohol pom\u00f4c\u0165 pri v\u00fdkone mnoh\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch pr\u00e1c, ktor\u00e9 bud\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou lun\u00e1rnej misie. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 by tie\u017e chcela vytvori\u0165 <strong>\u0161tandardn\u00e9 prepravn\u00e9 kontajnery pre n\u00e1klad na Mesiaci<\/strong>, rovnako ako tomu je na Zemi.<\/p>\n<p>Aj ke\u010f je e\u0161te ur\u010dite priskoro tvrdi\u0165, \u017ee vozidlo FLEX uvid\u00edme na Mesiaci spolu s\u00a0nadch\u00e1dzaj\u00facou misiou, je to zauj\u00edmav\u00fd poh\u013ead na to, ako by mohla vyzera\u0165 doprava na Mesiaci. Prototyp roveru FLEX bol <strong>ned\u00e1vno testovan\u00fd v\u00a0kalifornskej p\u00fa\u0161ti<\/strong>, kde str\u00e1vil dokopy <strong>5 dn\u00ed<\/strong>. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 predviedla pou\u017eitie roveru na vyzdvihnutie a\u00a0presun n\u00e1kladu a\u00a0umiestnenie vertik\u00e1lneho sol\u00e1rneho panelu. Na testovan\u00ed roveru sa z\u00fa\u010dastnil aj <strong>b\u00fdval\u00fd astronaut Kanadskej vesm\u00edrnej agent\u00fary Chris Hadfield<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Chris Hadfield Tests Astrolab FLEX Rover\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0fwj8wfFo80?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3>V\u00fdvoj pokra\u010duje<\/h3>\n<p>Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee predstaven\u00fd <strong>prototyp musel by\u0165 robustnej\u0161\u00ed<\/strong>, nako\u013eko na neho vpl\u00fdvala zemsk\u00e1 gravit\u00e1cia. Fin\u00e1lny prototyp ur\u010den\u00fd pre lun\u00e1rnu misiu by tak mal <strong>v\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 len okolo 500 kilogramov<\/strong>, preto\u017ee na Mesiaci je gravit\u00e1cia v\u00a0porovnan\u00ed s tou zemskou <strong>6-kr\u00e1t men\u0161ia<\/strong>. Fin\u00e1lna verzia teda nebude musie\u0165 by\u0165 tak robustn\u00e1 a ani tak v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 v porovnan\u00ed s predstaven\u00fdm prototypom. Napriek tomu v\u0161ak spolo\u010dnos\u0165 uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee vozidlo bude <strong>ve\u013emi odoln\u00e9<\/strong>. Pod\u013ea gener\u00e1lneho riadite\u013ea Astrolabu Jareta Matthewsa bud\u00fa m\u00f4c\u0165 astronauti na vozidle jazdi\u0165 \u201e<strong>ako keby ho ukradli a\u00a0nemuseli sa o\u0148 stara\u0165<\/strong>\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999\">Zdroje: Futurism, Space.com, The Verge, Reuters, Enterpreneur<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Americk\u00fd startup s\u00a0n\u00e1zvom Venturi Astrolab ozn\u00e1mil 10. marca v\u00fdvoj svojho vozidla ur\u010den\u00e9ho na prepravu n\u00e1kladu a\u00a0\u013eud\u00ed po povrchu Mesiaca. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 vo vyhl\u00e1sen\u00ed uviedla, \u017ee rover<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7600","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7600"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7600\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7600"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7600"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7600"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}