{"id":7635,"date":"2022-04-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-04-06T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/necakane-velkonocne-prekvapenie-ukradnute-zapisniky-charlesa-darwina-sa-zahadne-vratili-do-kniznice-v-cambridge\/"},"modified":"2022-04-07T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-04-06T23:00:00","slug":"necakane-velkonocne-prekvapenie-ukradnute-zapisniky-charlesa-darwina-sa-zahadne-vratili-do-kniznice-v-cambridge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/necakane-velkonocne-prekvapenie-ukradnute-zapisniky-charlesa-darwina-sa-zahadne-vratili-do-kniznice-v-cambridge\/","title":{"rendered":"Ne\u010dakan\u00e9 ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00e9 prekvapenie: Ukradnut\u00e9 z\u00e1pisn\u00edky Charlesa Darwina sa z\u00e1hadne vr\u00e1tili"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Naozaj nezvy\u010dajn\u00fd de\u0148 za\u017eili v Cambridgskej kni\u017enici. Dlho h\u013eadan\u00e9 a <strong>ukradnut\u00e9 vz\u00e1cne rukopisy z roku 1837,<\/strong> ktor\u00e9 nap\u00edsal <strong>Charles Darwin<\/strong>, sa po dvadsiatich rokoch ocitli znova na prahu kni\u017enice. Je zvl\u00e1\u0161tne, \u017ee oba rukopisy boli vr\u00e1ten\u00e9 <strong>v ru\u017eovej dar\u010dekovej ta\u0161ke<\/strong> s n\u00e1pisom: \u201e<em>\u0160\u0165astn\u00fa Ve\u013ek\u00fa noc X\u201c<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Charles Darwin<\/h3>\n<p>Charles Darwin, celosvetovo zn\u00e1my vedec, sa narodil v roku 1809 v anglickom meste Shrewsbury. Jeho otec bol lek\u00e1r a d\u00fafal, \u017ee jeho syn z\u00edska takisto lek\u00e1rsky titul. Uk\u00e1zalo sa v\u0161ak, \u017ee Darwina viac ako medic\u00edna zauj\u00edmala pr\u00edrodoveda. V roku 1831 sa Darwin vydal na cestu na palube lode britsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1morn\u00edctva HMS Beagle, kde pracoval ako pr\u00edrodovedec. Hlavn\u00fdm <strong>cie\u013eom tejto cesty bolo presk\u00fama\u0165 pobre\u017eie Ju\u017enej Ameriky a zmapova\u0165 jej pr\u00edstavy<\/strong>, aby bolo mo\u017en\u00e9 vytvori\u0165 lep\u0161ie mapy tohoto regi\u00f3nu. Pr\u00e1ca, ktor\u00fa Darwin vykon\u00e1val bola len dodato\u010dn\u00fdm bonusom. Darwin str\u00e1vil v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu cesty na s\u00fa\u0161i zbieran\u00edm vzoriek rastl\u00edn, \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov, horn\u00edn a skamenel\u00edn. Sk\u00famal regi\u00f3ny v Braz\u00edlii, Argent\u00edne, \u010cile a vzdialen\u00e9 ostrovy, ako napr\u00edklad Galap\u00e1gy. V\u0161etky svoje vzorky zabalil do debien a poslal ich sp\u00e4\u0165 do Anglicka na palube in\u00fdch lod\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Po n\u00e1vrate do Anglicka v roku 1836 Darwin pokra\u010doval vo svojej pr\u00e1ci. \u0160tudoval svoje vzorky a pozn\u00e1mky z cesty. Toto \u0161t\u00fadium nakoniec viedlo<strong> k prevratn\u00fdm vedeck\u00fdm objavom<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Ve\u013ek\u00fd pr\u00edrodovedec Charles Darwin (Foto: Misael Moreno)\n<h3>Darwinov\u00e1 te\u00f3ria<\/h3>\n<p>Te\u00f3ria evol\u00facie Charlesa Darwina je jednou z najstabilnej\u0161\u00edch vedeck\u00fdch te\u00f3ri\u00ed. Jeho <strong>te\u00f3ria evol\u00facie prirodzen\u00fdm v\u00fdberom<\/strong> bola prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t sformulovan\u00e1 v knihe <strong>O p\u00f4vode druhov<\/strong>. Darwin vo svojej knihe opisuje, ako <strong>sa organizmy vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa v priebehu gener\u00e1ci\u00ed prostredn\u00edctvom dedenia fyzick\u00fdch alebo behavior\u00e1lnych znakov<\/strong>. Pod\u013ea tejto te\u00f3rie jedinci s vlastnos\u0165ami, ktor\u00e9 im umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 sa prostrediu, pre\u017eij\u00fa a bud\u00fa ma\u0165 viac potomkov, ktor\u00ed tieto vlastnosti zdedia. Jedinci s menej prisp\u00f4sobiv\u00fdmi vlastnos\u0165ami pre\u017eij\u00fa menej \u010dasto.<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Theory of Evolution: How did Darwin come up with it? - BBC News\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JOk_0mUT_JU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3>Mal\u00e9 ale ve\u013emi cenn\u00e9 z\u00e1pisn\u00edky Charlesa Darwina<\/h3>\n<p>Dve mal\u00e9, v ko\u017ei viazan\u00e9 knihy poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z konca 30. rokov 19. storo\u010dia. Sl\u00e1vny pr\u00edrodovedec si do nich zaznamen\u00e1val poznatky a postrehy z ciest po Galap\u00e1goch.\u00a0 Jedna z nich obsahuje aj sl\u00e1vnu Darwinovu kresbu \u201estromu \u017eivota<em>&quot; <\/em>z roku 1837. Nielen sl\u00e1vny ale aj n\u00e1u\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1kladn\u00fd n\u00e1\u010drt stromu evol\u00facie pomohol lep\u0161ie vysvetli\u0165 <strong>Darwinovu te\u00f3riu<\/strong>. Od tejto kresby sa \u010falej odv\u00edjala aj \u010fal\u0161ia jeho pr\u00e1ca, ktor\u00fa naplno rozvinul vo svojom prelomovom diele <em><strong>O p\u00f4vode druhov (1859)<\/strong><\/em>. Hodnota oboch z\u00e1pisn\u00edkov sa v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti pohybuje okolo<strong> jedn\u00e9ho mili\u00f3na libier<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">&#39;Stolen&#39; Charles Darwin notebooks left on library floor in pink gift bag <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/PbXNk1or04\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/t.co\/PbXNk1or04<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; BBC News (UK) (@BBCNews) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/BBCNews\/status\/1511220074539008000?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">April 5, 2022<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h3>20 rokov star\u00e1 kr\u00e1de\u017e<\/h3>\n<p>Origin\u00e1ly Darwinov\u00fdch z\u00e1pisn\u00edkov boli umiestnen\u00e9 v univerzitnej kni\u017enici v Cambridgi. Av\u0161ak v <strong>roku 2001 <\/strong>zmizli kr\u00e1tko po tom, ako boli vy\u0148at\u00e9 zo skladu, aby sa mohli odfotografova\u0165. <strong>Nikomu v\u0161ak zjavne nech\u00fdbali<\/strong>, lebo a\u017e<strong> v roku 2020 boli nahl\u00e1sen\u00e9 ako ukradnut\u00e9<\/strong>. Necel\u00fd rok po tom, \u010do pol\u00edcia za\u010dala p\u00e1tranie po straten\u00fdch denn\u00edkoch, sa na\u0161li, respekt\u00edve boli vr\u00e1ten\u00e9. Priestor pred kancel\u00e1riou knihovn\u00edka, kde sa na\u0161la ru\u017eov\u00e1 ta\u0161ka so vz\u00e1cnym obsahom nie je monitorovan\u00fd kamerov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom. No pol\u00edcia teraz <strong>preveruje z\u00e1znamy v\u0161etk\u00fdch vchodov a v\u00fdchodov z budovy.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00edm odborn\u00edkov musel hne\u010f po n\u00e1vrate preveri\u0165 ich pravos\u0165. Odborn\u00edci sa zhodli, \u017ee rukopisy s\u00fa prav\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eDarwin v z\u00e1pisn\u00edkoch pou\u017e\u00edva r\u00f4zne druhy atramentu. Napr\u00edklad na sl\u00e1vnej str\u00e1nke stromu \u017eivota je hned\u00fd atrament a tie\u017e siv\u00fd atrament. Tak\u00e9to zmeny je pomerne \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 presved\u010divo sfal\u0161ova\u0165. S\u00fa to drobn\u00e9 pozn\u00e1vacie znaky, pod\u013ea ktor\u00fdch cel\u00fd t\u00edm v\u00fdskumn\u00edkov v univerzitnej kni\u017enici dok\u00e1\u017ee ur\u010di\u0165, \u017ee s\u00fa prav\u00e9.\u201c<\/em> Jim Secord, emeritn\u00fd profesor hist\u00f3rie a filozofie na Cambridgeskej univerzite<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1pisn\u00edky Charlesa Darwina bud\u00fa od j\u00fala 2022 vystaven\u00e9 pre verejnos\u0165 v Univerzitnej kni\u017enici v Cambridge, kde si ich n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edci bud\u00fa m\u00f4c\u0165 znova prezrie\u0165.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Origin\u00e1lnu spr\u00e1vu o n\u00e1vrate vz\u00e1cnych Darwinov\u00fdch diel v p\u00f4vodnom anglickom jazyku uverejnil magaz\u00edn The Guardian, BBC a internetov\u00fd magaz\u00edn The Art Newspapers.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Naozaj nezvy\u010dajn\u00fd de\u0148 za\u017eili v Cambridgskej kni\u017enici. Dlho h\u013eadan\u00e9 a ukradnut\u00e9 vz\u00e1cne rukopisy z roku 1837, ktor\u00e9 nap\u00edsal Charles Darwin, sa po dvadsiatich rokoch ocitli<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7635","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7635","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7635"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7635\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7635"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7635"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7635"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}