{"id":7656,"date":"2022-04-21T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-04-20T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/ako-sa-vyrovnat-so-zlymi-spravami-stoicizmus-ponuka-3-techniky\/"},"modified":"2022-04-21T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-04-20T23:00:00","slug":"ako-sa-vyrovnat-so-zlymi-spravami-stoicizmus-ponuka-3-techniky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/ako-sa-vyrovnat-so-zlymi-spravami-stoicizmus-ponuka-3-techniky\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako sa vyrovna\u0165 so zl\u00fdmi spr\u00e1vami? Stoicizmus pon\u00faka hne\u010f 3 techniky"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Stoicizmus<\/strong> je star\u00e1 filozofia, ktor\u00e1 prekvitala v antike. Bola to jedna z <strong>najvzne\u0161enej\u0161\u00edch filozofi\u00ed<\/strong> v hist\u00f3rii z\u00e1padnej civiliz\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Ako pri\u0161iel Zen\u00f3n z Kitia k my\u0161lienke stoicizmu<\/h3>\n<p>Zen\u00f3n, zakladate\u013e stoicizmu, sa narodil v roku 334 pred na\u0161im letopo\u010dtom. Poch\u00e1dzal z mesta Citium (dne\u0161n\u00e1 Larnaka) na Cypre. Ako mlad\u00fd mu\u017e vypl\u00e1val Zen\u00f3n z Fen\u00edcie s n\u00e1kladom<strong> cis\u00e1rskeho purpuru<\/strong>, farbiva, ktor\u00e9 sa z\u00edskavalo drven\u00edm morsk\u00fdch slim\u00e1kov. Nane\u0161\u0165astie o tento vz\u00e1cny n\u00e1klad pri\u0161iel pri stroskotan\u00ed lode a skon\u010dil v <strong>At\u00e9nach<\/strong> len so \u0161atstvom, ktor\u00e9 mal na sebe. <strong>T\u00e1to tragick\u00e1 udalos\u0165 ho sprev\u00e1dzala cel\u00fdm \u017eivotom a v\u010faka nej vzniklo filozofick\u00e9 hnutie stoicizmus.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ke\u010f sa Zen\u00f3n zotavil zo stroskotania, <strong>nav\u0161t\u00edvil ve\u0161ticu<\/strong> a sp\u00fdtal sa, \u010do m\u00e1 robi\u0165, <em>\u201eaby \u017eil \u010do najlep\u0161ie\u201c<\/em>. Ve\u0161tky\u0148a mu z\u00e1hadne odpovedala, \u017ee by sa mal <em>\u201erozpr\u00e1va\u0165 s m\u0155tvymi\u201c<\/em>. Zen\u00f3n si to vylo\u017eil tak, \u017ee za\u010dal \u0161tudova\u0165 antick\u00fdch autorov a za\u010dal nav\u0161tevova\u0165 kn\u00edhkupectvo na <strong>agore<\/strong>, centr\u00e1lnom n\u00e1mest\u00ed At\u00e9n. Jedn\u00e9ho d\u0148a sa Zen\u00f3n op\u00fdtal predava\u010da kn\u00edh, kde by sa tak\u00fdto \u010dlovek (antick\u00fd filozof) dal n\u00e1js\u0165. Zen\u00f3n mal \u0161\u0165astie, lebo pr\u00e1ve v tej chv\u00edli okolo n\u00e1hodou prech\u00e1dzal filozof<strong> Krat\u00e9s z T\u00e9b, najsl\u00e1vnej\u0161\u00ed cynik \u017eij\u00faci v tom \u010dase v Gr\u00e9cku<\/strong>. Kn\u00edhkupec na\u0148ho uk\u00e1zal a povedal: <em>\u201eNasledujte tohto mu\u017ea!\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Zen\u00f3n ako filozof<\/h3>\n<p>Po tom, \u010do filozof s\u00fahlasil, \u017ee sa ho ujme, dal Zen\u00f3novi hrniec \u0161o\u0161ovicovej polievky, aby ho preniesol cez Kerameikos, hrn\u010diarsku \u0161tvr\u0165 At\u00e9n. Sebavedom\u00fd Zen\u00f3n, ktor\u00fd nebol zvyknut\u00fd na tak\u00e9to podradn\u00e9 \u00falohy, sa pok\u00fasil \u010do najlep\u0161ie ukry\u0165 hrniec pod svoj pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165. Ke\u010f to Krat\u00e9s zbadal, rozbil hrniec svojou palicou a Zen\u00f3n sa vrhol do dia\u013eky, pri\u010dom mu po noh\u00e1ch stekala \u0161o\u0161ovicov\u00e1 polievka. Crates zavolal za n\u00edm:<em> \u201ePre\u010do utek\u00e1\u0161, m\u00f4j mal\u00fd Feni\u010dan? Ni\u010d hrozn\u00e9 sa ti nestalo!\u201c <\/em><strong>A takto za\u010dala Zen\u00f3nova cesta za filozofiou<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Nesk\u00f4r Zen\u00f3n za\u010dal vyu\u010dova\u0165 na kolon\u00e1de v at\u00e9nskej Agore. Jeho \u017eiaci sa spo\u010diatku naz\u00fdvali <em>\u201czen\u00f3nci\u201c<\/em>, ale nakoniec sa stali zn\u00e1mymi ako <em>\u201cstoici\u201c. <\/em>Tento n\u00e1zov p\u00f4vodne ozna\u010doval b\u00e1snikov, ktor\u00ed sa zhroma\u017e\u010fovali v Stoa Poikile (na t\u00e9nskej Agore).<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"The philosophy of Stoicism - Massimo Pigliucci\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/R9OCA6UFE-0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Zen\u00f3n mal obdivovate\u013eov aj medzi v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi osobnos\u0165ami. Medzi jeho fan\u00fa\u0161ikov patril dokonca maced\u00f3nsky kr\u00e1\u013e <strong>Antig\u00f3n II Gonatas<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd ho v\u017edy nav\u0161t\u00edvil, ke\u010f bol v At\u00e9nach.<\/p>\n<p>Zen\u00f3n zostal \u017ei\u0165 v At\u00e9nach, no odmietol <strong>at\u00e9nske ob\u010dianstvo<\/strong>, ke\u010f mu ho pon\u00fakli, preto\u017ee sa ob\u00e1val, \u017ee by sa uk\u00e1zal ako nevern\u00fd svojej rodnej krajine.<\/p>\n<h3>Pre\u010do je stoicizmus tak\u00fd l\u00e1kav\u00fd<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Je filozofiou l\u00eddrov<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Stoicizmus n\u00e1s u\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee sk\u00f4r ne\u017e sa pok\u00fasime kontrolova\u0165 udalosti, mus\u00edme najprv kontrolova\u0165 sami seba. Na\u0161e pokusy ovplyvni\u0165 svet s\u00fa vystaven\u00e9 n\u00e1hode, sklamaniu a ne\u00faspechu, ale kontrola seba sam\u00e9ho je jedin\u00e1, ktor\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 stopercentne \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e1.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Je atrakt\u00edvna<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vzh\u013eadom na to, \u017ee spolo\u010dnos\u0165 v\u017edy ignorovala alebo odmietala mu\u017esk\u00e9 em\u00f3cie, nie je prekvapuj\u00face, \u017ee stoick\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie sa v\u017edy pova\u017eovalo za atrakt\u00edvny mu\u017esk\u00fd ide\u00e1l.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Podporuje ment\u00e1lne zdravie<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00e1to filozofia je atrakt\u00edvna pre du\u0161evn\u00e9 zdravie. V\u00fdskumn\u00edci uznali, \u017ee stoick\u00e9 konanie m\u00f4\u017ee prispie\u0165 k du\u0161evnej pohode.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>U\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1s k samostatnosti<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Stoici neveria v Boha, ktor\u00fd pom\u00e1ha, alebo sa o n\u00e1s star\u00e1. Neveria v n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo, ale veria v racion\u00e1lne myslenie a filozofiu. Stoici s\u00fa schopn\u00ed robi\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 rozhodnutia bez strachu z bo\u017eieho trestu alebo priazne.<\/p>\n Stoicizmus je pova\u017eovan\u00fd a ve\u013emi atrakt\u00edvny pr\u00edstup (Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 foto: Rana Sawalha)\n<h3>3 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 techniky<\/h3>\n<p><strong>1. Kontextualiz\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kontextualiz\u00e1cia n\u00e1m pom\u00e1ha si uvedomi\u0165 racion\u00e1lne pr\u00ed\u010diny a d\u00f4sledky na\u0161ej situ\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Pripravte sa na najhor\u0161ie, d\u00fafajte v najlep\u0161ie<\/strong><br \/>\nNajhor\u0161ie situ\u00e1cie pre \u013eud\u00ed s\u00fa tie, ktor\u00e9 ich prekvapia. Ak si vopred premysl\u00edme najhor\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fd scen\u00e1r a n\u00e1padito si premysl\u00edme, ako by sme mohli reagova\u0165, m\u00f4\u017eeme zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 svoju zranite\u013enos\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Transform\u00e1cia<\/strong><br \/>\nTransform\u00e1cia zah\u0155\u0148a premenu \u0165a\u017ekost\u00ed na pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165. \u010co je, samozrejme, presne to, \u010do urobil Zen\u00f3n, ke\u010f sa pripojil ku Kratovi a stal sa filozofom. Keby Zen\u00f3n nestroskotal, <strong>nebol by predmetom tohto \u010dl\u00e1nku<\/strong>. Ako Zen\u00f3n sl\u00e1vne povedal:<em> \u201eUskuto\u010dnil som \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fa plavbu, ke\u010f som utrpel stroskotanie.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 foto: Ben Cliff\n<h3>Ako reagova\u0165 na zl\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy<\/h3>\n<p><strong>1)<\/strong> Z\u00edskajte nad sebou kontrolu.<br \/>\n<strong>2)<\/strong> S\u00fastre\u010fte sa na to, \u010do urob\u00edte so zlou situ\u00e1ciou.<br \/>\n<strong>3)<\/strong> H\u013eadajte v situ\u00e1cii nie\u010do pozit\u00edvne.<br \/>\n<strong>4)<\/strong> Pam\u00e4tajte, \u017ee stoici praktizuj\u00fa ment\u00e1lnu pr\u00edpravu na bud\u00face katastrofy, aby zl\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy v bud\u00facnosti tak ve\u013emi neboleli.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Stoicizmus je star\u00e1 filozofia, ktor\u00e1 prekvitala v antike. Bola to jedna z najvzne\u0161enej\u0161\u00edch filozofi\u00ed v hist\u00f3rii z\u00e1padnej civiliz\u00e1cie. &nbsp; Ako pri\u0161iel Zen\u00f3n z Kitia k<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7656","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7656","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7656"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7656\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7656"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7656"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7656"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}