{"id":7686,"date":"2022-05-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-05-02T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/trauma-ako-pomoct-vam-alebo-vasim-blizkym\/"},"modified":"2022-05-03T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-05-02T23:00:00","slug":"trauma-ako-pomoct-vam-alebo-vasim-blizkym","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/trauma-ako-pomoct-vam-alebo-vasim-blizkym\/","title":{"rendered":"TRAUMA &#8211; ako pom\u00f4c\u0165 V\u00e1m alebo Va\u0161im bl\u00edzkym?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku sa do\u010d\u00edtate o tom<strong> \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 V\u00e1m, alebo Va\u0161im bl\u00edzkym, pokia\u013e niekto pre\u0161iel traumou<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u010co je trauma a ako ovplyv\u0148uje na\u0161e du\u0161evn\u00e9 zdravie, vr\u00e1tane toho, ako si m\u00f4\u017eete <strong>pom\u00f4c\u0165, ak\u00e9 lie\u010dby s\u00fa dostupn\u00e9 a ako prekona\u0165 prek\u00e1\u017eky<\/strong> pri z\u00edskavan\u00ed spr\u00e1vnej podpory. Obsahuje aj tipy pre \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed chc\u00fa podpori\u0165 niekoho, kto pre\u0161iel traumou.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u010co je trauma?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Prech\u00e1dza\u0165 ve\u013emi stresov\u00fdmi, desiv\u00fdmi alebo sk\u013eu\u010duj\u00facimi udalos\u0165ami<\/strong> sa niekedy naz\u00fdva trauma. Ke\u010f hovor\u00edme o emocion\u00e1lnej alebo psychickej traume, m\u00f4\u017eeme ma\u0165 na mysli:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>situ\u00e1cie alebo udalosti, ktor\u00e9 pova\u017eujeme za traumatick\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>ako n\u00e1s ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa na\u0161e sk\u00fasenosti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Traumatick\u00e9 udalosti sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyskytn\u00fa\u0165 <strong>v akomko\u013evek veku a m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 dlhotrvaj\u00face po\u0161kodenie<\/strong>. Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 in\u00fa reakciu na traumu, tak\u017ee niektor\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky si m\u00f4\u017eete v\u0161imn\u00fa\u0165 r\u00fdchlo, ale aj dlho potom.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ak ste boli postihnut\u00ed traumou, je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 si uvedomi\u0165, \u017ee ste pre\u017eili najlep\u0161ie ako ste mohli, a m\u00e1te be\u017en\u00e9, norm\u00e1lne reakcie.<\/p>\n<p>Prech\u00e1dzanie<strong> \u010fal\u0161ou traumou m\u00f4\u017ee tie\u017e sp\u00f4sobi\u0165, \u017ee v\u00e1s za\u010dn\u00fa ovplyv\u0148ova\u0165 minul\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti<\/strong> alebo zhor\u0161i\u0165 existuj\u00face probl\u00e9my. <strong>Je v poriadku po\u017eiada\u0165 o pomoc kedyko\u013evek<\/strong> \u2013 vr\u00e1tane pr\u00edpadov, ke\u010f si nie ste ist\u00ed, \u010di ste neza\u017eili traumu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Ak\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 traumatick\u00e9?<\/h3>\n<p>\u010co je traumatick\u00e9, je osobn\u00e9. Ostatn\u00ed \u013eudia nem\u00f4\u017eu vedie\u0165, ako sa c\u00edtite o svojich vlastn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u017eitkoch alebo \u010di boli pre v\u00e1s traumatick\u00e9. M\u00f4\u017eete ma\u0165 podobn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti ako niekto in\u00fd, ale ovplyvnen\u00e9 inak.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Trauma m\u00f4\u017ee zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 udalosti, pri ktor\u00fdch sa c\u00edtite:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>vystra\u0161en\u00fd<\/li>\n<li>pod hrozbou<\/li>\n<li>pon\u00ed\u017een\u00fd<\/li>\n<li>odmietnut\u00fd<\/li>\n<li>opusten\u00fd<\/li>\n<li>znehodnoten\u00fd<\/li>\n<li>nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>nepodporovan\u00fd<\/li>\n<li>uv\u00e4znen\u00fd<\/li>\n<li>bezmocn\u00fd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Medzi sp\u00f4soby, ako m\u00f4\u017ee k traume pr\u00eds\u0165, patria:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>jednorazov\u00e9 alebo prebiehaj\u00face akcie<\/li>\n<li>by\u0165 priamo po\u0161koden\u00fd<\/li>\n<li>by\u0165 svedkom ubl\u00ed\u017eenia niekomu in\u00e9mu<\/li>\n<li>\u017ei\u0165 v traumatickej atmosf\u00e9re<\/li>\n<li>by\u0165 postihnut\u00fd traumou v rodine alebo komunite<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Va\u0161a sk\u00fasenos\u0165 s traumou m\u00f4\u017ee s\u00favisie\u0165 s <strong>\u010das\u0165ami va\u0161ej identity, vr\u00e1tane toho, \u010di ste boli ob\u0165a\u017eovan\u00ed, \u0161ikanovan\u00ed alebo diskriminovan\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00f4\u017ee trauma sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 probl\u00e9my du\u0161evn\u00e9ho zdravia?<\/h3>\n<p>Trauma m\u00f4\u017ee niekedy priamo sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 probl\u00e9my du\u0161evn\u00e9ho zdravia, alebo sp\u00f4sobi\u0165, \u017ee budete n\u00e1chylnej\u0161\u00ed na ich rozvoj. Patr\u00ed medzi potenci\u00e1lne pr\u00ed\u010diny v\u0161etk\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov du\u0161evn\u00e9ho zdravia. M\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 poveda\u0165, ktor\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s\u00fa sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 traumou.<\/p>\n<p>Je tie\u017e zn\u00e1me, \u017ee <strong>niektor\u00e9 stavy sa vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa ako priamy d\u00f4sledok traumy, vr\u00e1tane posttraumatickej stresovej poruchy<\/strong> (PTSD), a komplexnej posttraumatickej stresovej poruchy (komplexn\u00e1 PTSD).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>To, ako sa v\u00e1s to t\u00fdka, m\u00f4\u017ee z\u00e1visie\u0165 aj od in\u00fdch vec\u00ed, ako napr\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face sk\u00fasenosti s traumou<\/li>\n<li>in\u00e9 stresy alebo starosti v danom\/nesk\u00f4r<\/li>\n<li>ubli\u017eovanie bl\u00edzkymi \u013eu\u010fmi<\/li>\n<li>\u010di v\u00e1m niekto pomohol alebo v\u00e1s podporil<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ak ste niekomu povedali o tom, \u010do sa stalo a on v\u00e1s nepo\u010d\u00faval ani v\u00e1m nepomohol, mohlo v\u00e1m to br\u00e1ni\u0165 v z\u00edskavan\u00ed podpory, ktor\u00fa ste potrebovali, alebo ste sa c\u00edtili sami \u2013 \u010do mohlo n\u00e1sledky traumy e\u0161te zhor\u0161i\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Ako v\u00e1s m\u00f4\u017ee trauma postihn\u00fa\u0165?<\/h3>\n<p>Trauma postihuje ka\u017ed\u00e9ho inak. M\u00f4\u017ee \u00eds\u0165 o:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ako na\u0161e telo reaguje na <strong>nebezpe\u010denstvo<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>be\u017en\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky traumy na <strong>du\u0161evn\u00e9 zdravie<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>trauma a <strong>fyzick\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Ako na\u0161e telo reaguje na nebezpe\u010denstvo?<\/h3>\n<p>Ke\u010f sa c\u00edtime <strong>vystresovan\u00ed alebo ohrozen\u00ed, na\u0161e telo uvo\u013e\u0148uje horm\u00f3ny naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 kortizol a adrenal\u00edn<\/strong>. Toto je automatick\u00fd sp\u00f4sob pr\u00edpravy tela na reakciu, na nebezpe\u010denstvo a nem\u00e1me nad t\u00fdm \u017eiadnu kontrolu.<\/p>\n<p>To m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 cel\u00fd rad \u00fa\u010dinkov, ktor\u00e9 sa niekedy naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>pocit ochrnutia alebo neschopnosti sa pohybova\u0165<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>boj alebo protest<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>skr\u00fdvanie sa alebo vz\u010fa\u013eovanie sa<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>sna\u017e\u00edte sa pote\u0161i\u0165 niekoho, kto v\u00e1m ubli\u017euje<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0160t\u00fadie uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee stresov\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly m\u00f4\u017eu pokra\u010dova\u0165 dlho po tom, \u010do trauma skon\u010d\u00ed. M\u00f4\u017ee to ovplyvni\u0165 va\u0161u myse\u013e a telo, vr\u00e1tane toho, ako mysl\u00edte, c\u00edtite sa a ako sa spr\u00e1vate.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Be\u017en\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky traumy na du\u0161evn\u00e9 zdravie<\/h3>\n<p>Toto s\u00fa niektor\u00e9 be\u017en\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky traumy, ktor\u00e9 by ste mohli rozpozna\u0165:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Flashbacky<\/strong> \u2013 <strong>op\u00e4tovn\u00e9 pre\u017e\u00edvanie aspektov traumatickej udalosti alebo pocitu<\/strong>, ako keby sa to stalo teraz, \u010do sa m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165 bez oh\u013eadu na to, \u010di si pam\u00e4t\u00e1te konkr\u00e9tne podrobnosti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1chvaty paniky<\/strong> \u2013 typ reakcie na strach. S\u00fa zveli\u010den\u00edm<strong> reakcie v\u00e1\u0161ho tela na nebezpe\u010denstvo, stres alebo vzru\u0161enie<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Disoci\u00e1cia<\/strong> \u2013 jeden zo sp\u00f4sobov, ako sa va\u0161a myse\u013e vyrovn\u00e1va s ohromuj\u00facim stresom. M\u00f4\u017eete sa <strong>c\u00edti\u0165 znecitliven\u00ed, oddelen\u00ed od tela, alebo ako keby bol svet okolo v\u00e1s neskuto\u010dn\u00fd<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Probl\u00e9my so sp\u00e1nkom<\/strong> \u2013 m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pre v\u00e1s <strong>\u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 zaspa\u0165 alebo zosta\u0165 spa\u0165, v noci sa c\u00edtite nebezpe\u010dne, poci\u0165ujete \u00fazkos\u0165 alebo strach<\/strong> z no\u010dn\u00fdch m\u00f4r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>N\u00edzka seba\u00facta<\/strong> \u2013 trauma m\u00f4\u017ee <strong>ovplyvni\u0165 sp\u00f4sob, ak\u00fdm si v\u00e1\u017eite, a vn\u00edmate sami seba<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sm\u00fatok<\/strong> \u2013 pre\u017e\u00edvanie straty m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 traumatizuj\u00face, vr\u00e1tane toho, \u017ee niekto zomrie, ale aj in\u00fdch druhov str\u00e1t. Mnoho \u013eud\u00ed pre\u017e\u00edva sm\u00fatok v d\u00f4sledku toho, ako im trauma zmenila \u017eivot. M\u00f4\u017eete ma\u0165 pocit, \u017ee <strong>trauma sp\u00f4sobila, \u017ee ste niektor\u00e9 veci v \u017eivote vynechali<\/strong>, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee tie\u017e vies\u0165 k pocitom straty.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sebapo\u0161kodzovanie<\/strong> \u2013 ubli\u017eovanie si ako sp\u00f4sob, zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 traumu. To m\u00f4\u017ee zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 <strong>po\u0161kodenie \u010dast\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161ho tela, ktor\u00e9 boli napadnut\u00e9<\/strong> alebo zranen\u00e9 po\u010das traumy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Samovra\u017eedn\u00e9 pocity<\/strong> \u2013 vr\u00e1tane zaujatia <strong>my\u0161lienkami na ukon\u010denie \u017eivota, prem\u00fd\u0161\u013ean\u00edm o met\u00f3dach samovra\u017edy alebo pl\u00e1novan\u00edm<\/strong> si samovra\u017edy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>U\u017e\u00edvanie alkoholu a n\u00e1vykov\u00fdch l\u00e1tok<\/strong> \u2013 sp\u00f4sob, ak\u00fdm sa m\u00f4\u017eete<strong> pok\u00fasi\u0165 vyrovna\u0165 s \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdmi em\u00f3ciami<\/strong> alebo spomienkami.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku sa do\u010d\u00edtate o tom \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 V\u00e1m, alebo Va\u0161im bl\u00edzkym, pokia\u013e niekto pre\u0161iel traumou. \u010co je trauma a ako ovplyv\u0148uje na\u0161e<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7686","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7686","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7686"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7686\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7686"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7686"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7686"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}