Potraviny odlo\u017een\u00e9 v mrazni\u010dke na hor\u0161ie \u010dasy sa po rozmrazen\u00ed daj\u00fa bez probl\u00e9mov vyu\u017ei\u0165. Rovnako chc\u00fa vedci uchova\u0165 energiu z\u00edskavan\u00fa z pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch zdrojov.<\/p>\n
Obnovite\u013en\u00e9 zdroje za posledn\u00e9 roky zaznamenali rozmach svojej vyu\u017eite\u013enosti. Sl\u00fa\u017eia ako ekologickej\u0161ia alternat\u00edva<\/strong> oproti zau\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9mu spa\u013eovaniu fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv. Zni\u017eovanie emisi\u00ed CO2<\/strong> je prioritou pre zlep\u0161enie zdravia na\u0161ej plan\u00e9ty. V\u00fdroba veternej \u010di slne\u010dnej energie je v\u0161ak limitovan\u00e1 pr\u00edrodn\u00fdmi cyklami.<\/p>\n V\u0161etku silu sol\u00e1rnych panelov treba okam\u017eite vyu\u017ei\u0165 alebo uskladni\u0165 maxim\u00e1lne na p\u00e1r dn\u00ed. zdroj: unsplash.com\n Prev\u00e1dzkovatelia maj\u00fa zabezpe\u010den\u00e9 kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 rie\u0161enia<\/strong>, no aj tie sa m\u00f4\u017eu stretn\u00fa\u0165 s\u00a0komplik\u00e1ciami. Najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161\u00edm mechanizmom je pre\u010derp\u00e1vacia vodn\u00e1 n\u00e1dr\u017e, av\u0161ak ve\u013eakr\u00e1t dopl\u00e1ca na geologick\u00e9 a\u00a0regula\u010dn\u00e9 obmedzenia.<\/strong><\/p>\n Klimaticky prospe\u0161n\u00e1 v\u00fdroba zelen\u00e9ho vod\u00edka<\/strong> by dok\u00e1zala naplni\u0165 predstavy sez\u00f3nneho skladovania. Pomyselnou brzdou je ale snaha pr\u00eds\u0165 na to, kam s n\u00edm. Hromadn\u00e9 a predov\u0161etk\u00fdm dlhodob\u00e9 uchov\u00e1vanie vedie ku kontamin\u00e1cii. Nesk\u00f4r by sa musel zelen\u00fd vod\u00edk pred pou\u017eit\u00edm op\u00e4\u0165 \u010disti\u0165, \u010do vedie k \u010fal\u0161ej spotrebe energie.<\/p>\n V\u00fdskumn\u00edci z Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL<\/strong>) vyvinuli rie\u0161enie pre uskladnenie, ktor\u00e9 zvl\u00e1dne nieko\u013eko mesiacov. Inovat\u00edvna bat\u00e9ria efekt\u00edvne uchov\u00e1va energiu<\/strong> cel\u00e9 mesiace bez toho, aby sa po\u0161kodila. Vytvorenie \u201ezmrazovacej a rozmrazovacej bat\u00e9rie\u201c<\/strong> je krokom k bat\u00e9ri\u00e1m pou\u017eite\u013en\u00fdm na \u00fasporu energie vo viacer\u00fdch sez\u00f3nach. Ak bat\u00e9ria vydr\u017e\u00ed cel\u00fa jar, m\u00f4\u017ee sa pou\u017ei\u0165 na jese\u0148 a naopak.<\/p>\n Koncept zmrazovania a rozmrazovania je zn\u00e1my ka\u017ed\u00e9mu, kto svoje auto nechal \u201eodpo\u010d\u00edva\u0165\u201c v\u00a0gar\u00e1\u017ei pr\u00edli\u0161 dlho. Bat\u00e9rii to neprospieva a svojou ne\u010dinnos\u0165ou kles\u00e1 jej efekt\u00edvnos\u0165. Pozoruhodn\u00e9 je, \u017ee bat\u00e9ria PNNL si po\u010das 12 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov zachovala 92 percent svojej kapacity.<\/strong> Prototyp svojou ve\u013ekos\u0165ou pripom\u00edna hokejov\u00fd puk. Vedci v\u0161ak aj tento pokrok vn\u00edmaj\u00fa nanajv\u00fd\u0161 pozit\u00edvne. Preru\u0161ovan\u00e9 zdroje energie \u2013 slne\u010dn\u00e9 svetlo, vietor \u2013 tak bud\u00fa ma\u0165 ove\u013ea dlh\u0161iu \u017eivotnos\u0165.<\/p>\n K\u00a0spom\u00ednan\u00e9mu javu doch\u00e1dza, preto\u017ee elektrolytom bat\u00e9rie je roztaven\u00e1 so\u013e<\/strong> \u2013 molekul\u00e1rny pr\u00edbuzn\u00fd oby\u010dajnej kuchynskej soli. Materi\u00e1l je kvapaln\u00fd pri vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch, ale pevn\u00fd pri izbovej teplote.<\/strong> Bat\u00e9ria sa najsk\u00f4r nabije zahriat\u00edm a\u017e na 180 stup\u0148ov Celzia, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje i\u00f3nom preteka\u0165 cez tekut\u00fd elektrolyt a vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 chemick\u00fa energiu. Po \u00faplnom nabit\u00ed sa bat\u00e9ria ochlad\u00ed na okolit\u00fa teplotu, preto elektrolyt stuhne. St\u00e1va sa pevn\u00fdm a i\u00f3ny, prepravuj\u00face energiu, zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa takmer nehybn\u00e9.<\/p>\n Energia nestr\u00e1ca na kvalite. Je konzervovan\u00e1, rovnako ako potraviny v mrazni\u010dke. zdroj: pexels.com\n Zmrazovacia bat\u00e9ria obsahuje materi\u00e1ly, ktor\u00e9 sa daj\u00fa be\u017ene z\u00edska\u0165<\/strong>. Jednou z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdhod zariadenia je zlo\u017eenie s\u00fa\u010diastky, naz\u00fdvanej separ\u00e1tor. Umiest\u0148uje sa medzi an\u00f3dou a kat\u00f3dou, tie s\u00fa v tomto pr\u00edpade z hlin\u00edka a niklu. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina bat\u00e9ri\u00ed z roztavenej soli s vy\u0161\u0161ou teplotou obsahuje keramick\u00fd separ\u00e1tor. Jeho v\u00fdroba si zvy\u010dajne vy\u017eaduje viac pe\u0148az\u00ed a hroz\u00ed jej vy\u0161\u0161ie riziko po\u0161kodenia. Bat\u00e9ria PNNL pou\u017e\u00edva sklolamin\u00e1t, a to v\u010faka stabilnej ch\u00e9mii bat\u00e9rie.<\/p>\n Takto sa v\u00fdskumn\u00fd t\u00edm vyhol vz\u00e1cnym, drah\u00fdm a vysoko reakt\u00edvnym materi\u00e1lom. \u010eal\u0161\u00ed be\u017en\u00fd, lacn\u00fd prvok, s\u00edru, doplnili do elektrolytu na zv\u00fd\u0161enie energetickej kapacity bat\u00e9rie. \u201eZn\u00ed\u017eenie n\u00e1kladov na bat\u00e9rie je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9. Preto sme si vybrali be\u017en\u00e9, lacnej\u0161ie prvky a zamerali sa na odstr\u00e1nenie keramick\u00e9ho separ\u00e1tora,\u201c <\/strong>hovor\u00ed Guosheng Li,<\/strong> ved\u00faci \u0161t\u00fadie.<\/p>\n Majitelia podnikov sa zauj\u00edmaj\u00fa o cel\u00fd proces vyu\u017eitia PNNL bat\u00e9rii do bud\u00facnosti. Jarn\u00fa energiu by ulo\u017eili do ve\u013ek\u00fdch bat\u00e9ri\u00ed a potom ju uvo\u013enili. Ide\u00e1lne na konci roka, kedy s\u00fa vetry v regi\u00f3ne pomal\u00e9, hladina riek klesne a dopyt po elektrine vrchol\u00ed. Plusom bat\u00e9ri\u00ed je takisto lep\u0161ia schopnos\u0165 verejn\u00fdch slu\u017eieb prekona\u0165 v\u00fdpadok pr\u00fadu po\u010das siln\u00fdch b\u00farok. Po hurik\u00e1ne, lesnom po\u017eiari alebo inej pohrome by sa spr\u00edstupnilo ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo energie na dodanie do siete.<\/p>\n Ke\u010f bat\u00e9ria dosiahne optim\u00e1lnu prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fa teplotu, vybije sa a prin\u00e1\u0161a energiu do siete. zdroj: pixabay.com\n V\u00fdskumn\u00edci poukazuj\u00fa na to, \u017ee sez\u00f3nne bat\u00e9rie musia by\u0165 skon\u0161truovan\u00e9 tak, aby sa nab\u00edjali a vyb\u00edjali len raz alebo dvakr\u00e1t do roka<\/strong>. Na rozdiel od bat\u00e9ri\u00ed ur\u010den\u00fdch na nap\u00e1janie elektrick\u00fdch \u00e1ut, notebookov alebo in\u00fdch spotrebite\u013esk\u00fdch produktov nepotrebuj\u00fa vydr\u017ea\u0165 stovky \u010di tis\u00edce cyklov.<\/p>\n Vince Sprenkle<\/strong>, hlavn\u00fd strategick\u00fd poradca v\u00a0PNNL predklad\u00e1 jasn\u00fa predstavu. \u201ePredstavte si ve\u013ek\u00fa bat\u00e9riu na 12-metrovom n\u00e1vese pri veternej elektr\u00e1rni. Bat\u00e9ria sa nabije na jar a potom sa kami\u00f3n odvezie po ceste do rozvodne, kde je bat\u00e9ria k\u00a0dispoz\u00edcii po\u010das letn\u00fdch hor\u00fa\u010dav.\u201c <\/strong>Projekt by t\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom zv\u00fd\u0161il pou\u017e\u00edvanie obnovite\u013enej energie a u\u013eah\u010dil mo\u017enosti jej \u0161\u00edrenia.<\/p>\n Zdroje: www.scitechdaily.com, www.techbox.sk<\/strong><\/p>\n Cover photo source: pexels.com<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Potraviny odlo\u017een\u00e9 v mrazni\u010dke na hor\u0161ie \u010dasy sa po rozmrazen\u00ed daj\u00fa bez probl\u00e9mov vyu\u017ei\u0165. Rovnako chc\u00fa vedci uchova\u0165 energiu z\u00edskavan\u00fa z pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch zdrojov. Ekologick\u00e9 hospod\u00e1renie<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7687","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7687","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7687"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7687\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7687"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7687"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7687"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}V\u00fdhodn\u00e9 \u201eodlo\u017eenie\u201c energie<\/h3>\n
Ni\u017e\u0161ie materi\u00e1lov\u00e9 n\u00e1klady<\/h3>\n
D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd krok vpred<\/h3>\n