{"id":7706,"date":"2022-05-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-05-18T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/25346-2\/"},"modified":"2022-05-19T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-05-18T23:00:00","slug":"25346-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/25346-2\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e1 obavy z kritiky a posudzovania. Ako pom\u00f4c\u0165 die\u0165a\u0165u so soci\u00e1lnou \u00fazkos\u0165ou?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ak m\u00e1 r\u00e1no \u00eds\u0165 do \u0161k\u00f4lky, <strong>s\u0165a\u017euje sa, \u017ee ho bol\u00ed brucho.<\/strong> Hanb\u00ed sa rozpr\u00e1va\u0165 a jes\u0165 pred ostatn\u00fdmi, <strong>boj\u00ed sa sk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 nov\u00e9 veci<\/strong> a\u00a0nerado sa zoznamuje s\u00a0cudz\u00edmi \u013eu\u010fmi. Ke\u010f v\u00a0\u0161kole odpoved\u00e1 pred tabu\u013eou, tras\u00fa sa mu ruky<strong>, \u010derven\u00e1 sa<\/strong>, m\u00e1 pocit, \u017ee odpadne. Je tak\u00e9to die\u0165a len <strong>hanbliv\u00e9 alebo trp\u00ed soci\u00e1lnou \u00fazkos\u0165ou<\/strong>? Ako to rodi\u010d dok\u00e1\u017ee rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 a\u00a0\u010do m\u00f4\u017ee spravi\u0165, aby sa <strong>prejavy \u00fazkosti zmiernili?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Je norm\u00e1lne, ak sa die\u0165a boj\u00ed, napr\u00edklad pred prv\u00fdm d\u0148om v \u0161kole alebo v \u0161k\u00f4lke. Po nieko\u013ek\u00fdch d\u0148och si zvykne na nov\u00fd re\u017eim, prostredie a kolekt\u00edv a <strong>obavy zmizn\u00fa<\/strong>. Probl\u00e9mom je, <strong>ak sa zo strachu a starost\u00ed stane votrelec, ktor\u00fd ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 ovl\u00e1da detsk\u00e9 my\u0161lienky.<\/strong> Obavy za\u010dn\u00fa nar\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 fungovanie v \u0161kole, medzi kamar\u00e1tmi, ale aj v rodine. Vtedy hovor\u00edme o\u00a0<strong>\u00fazkosti.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nevie sa s\u00fastredi\u0165, <strong>ned\u00e1 sa mu zaspa\u0165<\/strong>, m\u00e1va <strong>no\u010dn\u00e9 mory<\/strong>, neust\u00e1le sa uis\u0165uje, nedok\u00e1\u017ee rie\u0161i\u0165 ka\u017edodenn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, vyh\u00fdba sa stretnutiam s\u00a0kamar\u00e1tmi. Popritom sa m\u00f4\u017ee s\u0165a\u017eova\u0165 na <strong>bolesti \u017eal\u00fadka, hlavy alebo nadmern\u00e9 potenie<\/strong>. \u010casto b\u00fdva podr\u00e1\u017eden\u00e9, pla\u010de, odmieta robi\u0165 dom\u00e1ce \u00falohy. Toto s\u00fa len niektor\u00e9 z\u00a0prejavov \u00fazkosti u\u00a0det\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dazkostn\u00e9 prejavy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa mimo normu si m\u00f4\u017eeme v\u0161imn\u00fa\u0165 <strong>u\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9ho piateho die\u0165a\u0165a na svete<\/strong>. Dokazuje to \u0161t\u00fadia z\u00a0roku 2021. Ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa nielen detsk\u00fa psychiku, ale aj fyzick\u00fd stav. Pr\u00e1ve <strong>fyzick\u00e9 prejavy m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pre rodi\u010da m\u00e4t\u00face<\/strong>. Neraz sa st\u00e1va, \u017ee rodi\u010d lie\u010di bru\u0161n\u00fa vir\u00f3zu a\u00a0skuto\u010dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m obch\u00e1dza.<\/p>\n<p>Die\u0165a m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 strach z\u00a0ka\u017edodenn\u00fdch vec\u00ed, z\u00a0odl\u00fa\u010denia, smrti, ale aj z\u00a0r\u00f4znych <strong>soci\u00e1lnych situ\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/strong>. Len v\u00a0USA pod\u013ea Centra pre kontrolu a\u00a0prevenciu chor\u00f4b v\u00a0obdob\u00ed od roku 2016 do roku 2019 <strong>lek\u00e1ri diagnostikovali \u00fazkos\u0165 takmer desiatim percent\u00e1m det\u00ed od troch do sedemn\u00e1s\u0165 rokov.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Boj\u00ed sa, \u017ee bude vyzera\u0165 hl\u00fapo<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Jednou z\u00a0\u010dast\u00fdch \u00fazkostn\u00fdch por\u00fach u\u00a0det\u00ed je <strong>soci\u00e1lna \u00fazkos\u0165<\/strong>. Pod\u013ea webov\u00e9ho port\u00e1lu CNN deti s t\u00fdmto typom \u00fazkosti odmietaj\u00fa hovori\u0165 pred rovesn\u00edkmi, a ak rozpr\u00e1vaj\u00fa, tak <strong>rozpr\u00e1vaj\u00fa tich\u00fdm hlasom<\/strong>. \u010casto <strong>neradi nadv\u00e4zuj\u00fa o\u010dn\u00fd kontakt a\u00a0nov\u00e9 priate\u013estv\u00e1<\/strong>. M\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 strach pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 verejn\u00e9 toalety, telefonova\u0165 alebo jes\u0165 pred ostatn\u00fdmi<strong>. Vyst\u00fapenia pred ve\u013ekou skupinou \u013eud\u00ed ich desia<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Pod\u013ea N\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho port\u00e1lu zdravia, strach z\u00a0r\u00f4znych soci\u00e1lnych situ\u00e1ci\u00ed vedie k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee <strong>die\u0165a sa sna\u017e\u00ed t\u00fdmto situ\u00e1ci\u00e1m za ka\u017ed\u00fa cenu vyhn\u00fa\u0165<\/strong>. Odmietne nav\u0161tevova\u0165 \u0161kolu alebo prestane chodi\u0165 na kr\u00fa\u017eky. <strong>Soci\u00e1lna f\u00f3bia m\u00f4\u017ee ohrozi\u0165 nielen socializ\u00e1ciu die\u0165a\u0165a, ale aj ovplyvni\u0165 v\u00fdsledky v\u00a0\u0161kole<\/strong>. Ak sa v\u00a0niektorej zo situ\u00e1cii ocitn\u00fa alebo musia rozpr\u00e1va\u0165 pred triedou, m\u00f4\u017eu <strong>poc\u00edti\u0165 zr\u00fdchlen\u00fd tep, tria\u0161ku, svalov\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie a\u00a0maj\u00fa probl\u00e9m d\u00fdcha\u0165.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Klinick\u00e1 psychologi\u010dka Rachel Busmanov\u00e1, ktor\u00e1 sa \u0161pecializuje na \u00fazkos\u0165, pre webov\u00fd port\u00e1l CNN vysvetlila, \u017ee <strong>deti so soci\u00e1lnou \u00fazkos\u0165ou sa ob\u00e1vaj\u00fa negat\u00edvneho posudzovania od in\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed<\/strong>. Ich obavy s\u00fa pritom intenz\u00edvne a\u00a0pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00face: \u201e<strong>Boj\u00ed\u0161 sa poveda\u0165 alebo urobi\u0165 nie\u010do, \u010do sp\u00f4sob\u00ed, \u017ee bude\u0161 vyzera\u0165 hl\u00fapo alebo neschopne<\/strong>.&#8220;\u00a0Na pr\u00ed\u010dine nemus\u00ed by\u0165 len strach z kritiky a posudzovania, ale aj <strong>n\u00edzka sebad\u00f4vera.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Ako pom\u00f4c\u0165 die\u0165a\u0165u s \u00fazkos\u0165ou?<\/h3>\n<p>Ak chceme die\u0165a\u0165u pom\u00f4c\u0165, mus\u00edme n\u00e1js\u0165 sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u010da \u00fazkosti. Nie je dobr\u00e9, ak ho pr\u00edli\u0161 n\u00fatime k rozhovoru, p\u00f4sob\u00edme ofenz\u00edvne a \u0165ah\u00e1me to z neho. Vtedy sa m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u0165, \u017ee <strong>die\u0165a sa odmietne zd\u00f4veri\u0165.<\/strong> Psychologi\u010dka Rachel Busmanov\u00e1 odpor\u00fa\u010da zauj\u00edma\u0165 sa o to, ako die\u0165a vn\u00edmalo situ\u00e1ciu. \u010co sa mu na nej p\u00e1\u010dilo a \u010do bolo naopak \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9?<\/p>\n Prejavy \u00fazkostnej poruchy sa m\u00f4\u017eu objavi\u0165, ak die\u0165a za\u010dne chodi\u0165 do \u0161k\u00f4lky alebo \u0161koly. Zdroj ilustra\u010dn\u00e9ho obr\u00e1zka: pexels.com\n<p>Ke\u010f sa n\u00e1m die\u0165a s obavami zd\u00f4ver\u00ed, d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je, ako zareagujeme. <strong>Obavy die\u0165a\u0165a neznehodnocujme<\/strong> tak, \u017ee povieme, \u017ee sa nesmie b\u00e1\u0165 alebo, \u017ee sa nem\u00e1 sa spr\u00e1va\u0165 ako b\u00e1b\u00e4tko. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 by sme nemali jeho obavy potvrdzova\u0165. Na jednej strane by sme mali uzna\u0165, \u017ee je situ\u00e1cia n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, na druhej strane ho treba povzbudi\u0165<strong> \u017ee v\u00fdzve dok\u00e1\u017ee \u010deli\u0165 a pripomen\u00fa\u0165 mu, \u017ee sme tu pre neho.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ak chceme pochopi\u0165 \u00fazkos\u0165 ktor\u00fa die\u0165a pre\u017e\u00edva, m\u00f4\u017eeme sa <strong>obr\u00e1ti\u0165 aj na jeho u\u010dite\u013ea<\/strong>. Deti s \u00fazkos\u0165ou sa \u010dasto v \u0161kole spr\u00e1vaj\u00fa inak ako doma s rodinou. U\u010dite\u013e v\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017ee poveda\u0165, ako d<strong>ie\u0165a komunikuje s rovesn\u00edkmi a \u010di je st\u00e1le smutn\u00e9 alebo znepokojen\u00e9, ke\u010f ho nech\u00e1te v \u0161kole.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ke\u010f obavy pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00fa a\u00a0v\u00fdrazne ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa be\u017en\u00fd \u017eivot die\u0165a\u0165a, obr\u00e1\u0165te sa na psychol\u00f3ga. Najlep\u0161ou lie\u010dbou \u00fazkostn\u00fdch por\u00fach je <strong>kognit\u00edvna behavior\u00e1lna terapia<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 pom\u00e1ha de\u0165om postupne robi\u0165 veci, ktor\u00fdch sa boja. Ak si nie ste ist\u00fd, \u010di je spr\u00e1vanie typick\u00e9 pre die\u0165a v jeho veku alebo ide o poruchu, pora\u010fte sa s pediatrom.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ak m\u00e1 r\u00e1no \u00eds\u0165 do \u0161k\u00f4lky, s\u0165a\u017euje sa, \u017ee ho bol\u00ed brucho. Hanb\u00ed sa rozpr\u00e1va\u0165 a jes\u0165 pred ostatn\u00fdmi, boj\u00ed sa sk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 nov\u00e9 veci a\u00a0nerado<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7706","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7706","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7706"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7706\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7706"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7706"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7706"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}