{"id":7718,"date":"2022-05-24T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-05-23T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/kapsula-starliner-od-spolocnosti-boeing-sa-prvykrat-pripojila-k-iss\/"},"modified":"2022-05-24T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-05-23T23:00:00","slug":"kapsula-starliner-od-spolocnosti-boeing-sa-prvykrat-pripojila-k-iss","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/kapsula-starliner-od-spolocnosti-boeing-sa-prvykrat-pripojila-k-iss\/","title":{"rendered":"Kapsula Starliner od spolo\u010dnosti Boeing sa prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t pripojila k ISS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Bezpilotn\u00e1 vesm\u00edrna lo\u010f Starliner<\/strong> od spolo\u010dnosti Boeing sa v\u00a0piatok po <strong>prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t \u00faspe\u0161ne pripojila<\/strong> k\u00a0Medzin\u00e1rodnej vesm\u00edrnej stanici (<strong>ISS<\/strong>). I\u0161lo o <strong>s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 testovacieho letu<\/strong> na obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu Zeme bez astronautov na palube.<\/p>\n<p>Znovu pou\u017eite\u013en\u00e1 <strong>kapsula Starliner CST-100<\/strong> sa pribli\u017ene <strong>po 26 hodin\u00e1ch od \u0161tartu <\/strong>\u00faspe\u0161ne pripojila k\u00a0modulu <strong>Harmony<\/strong> Medzin\u00e1rodnej vesm\u00edrnej stanice, ktor\u00e1 sa pohybuje vo v\u00fd\u0161ke zhruba 400 kilometrov nad Zemou. Starliner od\u0161tartoval z mysu Canaveral na Floride za pomoci rakety <strong>Atlas V\u00a0<\/strong>spolo\u010dnosti<strong> United Launch Alliance<\/strong> (ULA).<\/p>\n<p> \u0160tart rakety Atlas V s kapsulou Starliner [NASA]Na pl\u00e1novan\u00fa obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu sa kapsula dostala <strong>31 min\u00fat<\/strong> po \u0161tarte aj napriek technick\u00fdm komplik\u00e1ci\u00e1m. Vesm\u00edrnej lodi toti\u017e po\u010das letu <strong>zlyhali dve palubn\u00e9 trysky<\/strong> a vypli sa sk\u00f4r, ako bolo pl\u00e1novan\u00e9. Prv\u00e1 tryska sa vypla u\u017e po jednej sekunde a syst\u00e9m riadenia letu sa n\u00e1sledne automaticky presmeroval na druh\u00fd ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00ed pohon. Aj ten sa v\u0161ak pred\u010dasne vypol u\u017e po 25 sekund\u00e1ch a syst\u00e9m sa musel presmerova\u0165 na tret\u00ed pohon, ktor\u00fd u\u017e fungoval pod\u013ea pl\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Spojenie s ISS<\/h3>\n<p>Boeing uviedol, \u017ee <strong>dve chybn\u00e9 trysky nepredstavuj\u00fa riziko<\/strong> a\u00a0testovac\u00ed let bude pokra\u010dova\u0165. Pripojenie k\u00a0ISS sa uskuto\u010dnilo v\u00a0sobotu o\u00a000:28 GMT nad Indick\u00fdm oce\u00e1nom pri pobre\u017e\u00ed Austr\u00e1lie <strong>vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 436 kilometrov nad Zemou<\/strong>. I\u0161lo z\u00e1rove\u0148 o prv\u00fd pr\u00edpad, kedy boli kozmick\u00e9 lode oboch partnerov programu NASA Commercial Crew Program naraz fyzicky pripojen\u00e9 k vesm\u00edrnej stanici. Kapsula spolo\u010dnosti SpaceX je spojen\u00e1 so stanicou od konca apr\u00edla, kedy na ISS priviezla \u0161tyroch astronautov.<\/p>\n<p>Okrem vesm\u00edrnych lod\u00ed spolo\u010dnost\u00ed Boeing a SpaceX je k ISS zakotven\u00e1 aj <strong>rusk\u00e1 vesm\u00edrna lo\u010f Sojuz<\/strong>. Na Medzin\u00e1rodnej vesm\u00edrnej stanici sa moment\u00e1lne nach\u00e1dza <strong>7-\u010dlenn\u00e1 pos\u00e1dka<\/strong>. Ide o\u00a0troch americk\u00fdch astronautov, jedn\u00e9ho astronauta z\u00a0Eur\u00f3pskej vesm\u00edrnej agent\u00fary a\u00a0troch rusk\u00fdch kozmonautov.<\/p>\n Vizualiz\u00e1cia pripojenia kapsuly s ISS [Boeing]\n<h3>Kapsula Starliner<\/h3>\n<p>Starliner je kozmick\u00e1 lo\u010f, ktor\u00fa Boeing <strong>vyvinul v spolupr\u00e1ci s NASA<\/strong> predov\u0161etk\u00fdm na prepravu astronautov k Medzin\u00e1rodnej vesm\u00edrnej stanici. Kapsula je jedn\u00fdm z dvoch vozidiel, spolu s kapsulou SpaceX Crew Dragon, ktor\u00e9 NASA pomohla financova\u0165 s cie\u013eom previes\u0165 vesm\u00edrnu dopravu z vl\u00e1dy na komer\u010dn\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<p>Av\u0161ak e\u0161te predt\u00fdm, ako astronauti NASA bud\u00fa lieta\u0165 na vesm\u00edrnej lodi Starliner na n\u00edzku obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu Zeme,<strong> vesm\u00edrna agent\u00fara chce, aby Boeing preuk\u00e1zal, \u017ee kapsula m\u00f4\u017ee vykon\u00e1va\u0165 v\u0161etky \u00falohy be\u017enej vesm\u00edrnej misie<\/strong> bez pos\u00e1dky na palube. Po certifik\u00e1cii bud\u00fa m\u00f4c\u0165 misie NASA na palube Starlineru prepravova\u0165 <strong>a\u017e \u0161tyroch \u010dlenov pos\u00e1dky<\/strong> na vesm\u00edrnu stanicu. To umo\u017en\u00ed roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 pos\u00e1dku a zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 mno\u017estvo pozorovan\u00ed a v\u00fdskumov, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 vykon\u00e1va\u0165 na palube ISS.<\/p>\n Kapsula Starliner kr\u00e1tko pred pripojen\u00edm k ISS [NASA]\n<h3>Technick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my a oneskorenia<\/h3>\n<p>Testovac\u00ed let <strong>Orbital Flight Test-2<\/strong> kapsuly Starliner prich\u00e1dza po <strong>viac ako dvojro\u010dnom posune<\/strong>, kv\u00f4li oneskoreniam a technick\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom. V roku 2019 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Boeing <strong>po\u010das prv\u00e9ho testovacieho letu o kapsulu takmer pri\u0161la<\/strong> po tom, \u010do kv\u00f4li softv\u00e9rovej chybe nedosiahla vesm\u00edrnu stanicu. Minul\u00e9 leto sa Boeing chcel pok\u00fasi\u0165 o druh\u00fd testovac\u00ed let, no ten sa nakoniec nekonal. <strong>Pri kontrole sa toti\u017e zistili probl\u00e9my s pohonn\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom kapsuly<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd bol dod\u00e1van\u00fd spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Aerojet Rockedyne. Let Starlineru sa teda <strong>oneskoril o \u010fal\u0161\u00edch dev\u00e4\u0165 mesiacov<\/strong>. Boeing uviedol, \u017ee probl\u00e9mom boli zaseknut\u00e9 palivov\u00e9 ventily.<\/p>\n<p>Ako sme u\u017e p\u00edsali, ani minulot\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov\u00fd \u0161tart sa nezaobi\u0161iel bez probl\u00e9mov. Okrem zlyhania dvoch trysiek, Boeing spozoroval aj <strong>neo\u010dak\u00e1van\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie termoregula\u010dn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu kapsuly<\/strong>. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 v\u0161ak uviedla, \u017ee teploty v\u00a0kapsule ostali stabiln\u00e9.<\/p>\n Kab\u00edna vesm\u00edrnej lode Starliner [NASA]\n<h3>N\u00e1vrat kapsuly Starliner na Zem<\/h3>\n<p>Kapsula Starliner by sa mala od Medzin\u00e1rodnej vesm\u00edrnej stanice <strong>odpoji\u0165 v stredu<\/strong>. Odlet je napl\u00e1novan\u00fd na 18:36 GMT, s prist\u00e1t\u00edm na raketovej strelnici White Sands americkej arm\u00e1dy v Novom Mexiku o 22:49 GMT v ten ist\u00fd de\u0148. Prist\u00e1\u0165 sp\u00e4\u0165 na Zem by mala <strong>za pomoci pad\u00e1ka a airbagu<\/strong>. Pre Boeing je \u00faspe\u0161nos\u0165 tohto pilotn\u00e9ho testovacieho letu ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1. Od probl\u00e9mov v roku 2019 ho tento projekt kv\u00f4li technick\u00fdm ne\u00faspechom <strong>st\u00e1l takmer 600 mili\u00f3nov dol\u00e1rov<\/strong>. Ak by sa v\u0161ak testovac\u00ed let podaril, Starliner by mohol letie\u0165 na ISS so svoj\u00edm prv\u00fdm t\u00edmom astronautov <strong>u\u017e nadch\u00e1dzaj\u00facu jese\u0148<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Aj napriek tomu \u017ee je kapsula po\u010das prebiehaj\u00faceho testovacieho letu bez pos\u00e1dky, <strong>nie je \u00faplne pr\u00e1zdna<\/strong>. Na palube niesla <strong>220-kilogramov\u00fd n\u00e1klad<\/strong> pre ISS a\u00a0<strong>v\u00fdskumn\u00fa figur\u00ednu Rosie the Rocketeer<\/strong>. T\u00e1 m\u00e1 za \u00falohu zbiera\u0165 \u00fadaje o podmienkach v kab\u00edne pri vzlete, po\u010das letu a pri prist\u00e1van\u00ed. Pri sp\u00e4tnej ceste z ISS bude kapsula <strong>nies\u0165 takmer 270 kilogramov n\u00e1kladu ur\u010den\u00e9ho na n\u00e1vrat na Zem<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Zdroje: Space.com, NASA, The Verge, The Washington Post<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bezpilotn\u00e1 vesm\u00edrna lo\u010f Starliner od spolo\u010dnosti Boeing sa v\u00a0piatok po prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t \u00faspe\u0161ne pripojila k\u00a0Medzin\u00e1rodnej vesm\u00edrnej stanici (ISS). I\u0161lo o s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 testovacieho letu na obe\u017en\u00fa dr\u00e1hu<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7718","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7718"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7718\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7718"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7718"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7718"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}