{"id":7732,"date":"2022-06-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-01T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/zabudanie-a-stari-pacienti-o-skleroze-multiplex-sa-siria-najma-myty\/"},"modified":"2022-06-02T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-06-01T23:00:00","slug":"zabudanie-a-stari-pacienti-o-skleroze-multiplex-sa-siria-najma-myty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/zabudanie-a-stari-pacienti-o-skleroze-multiplex-sa-siria-najma-myty\/","title":{"rendered":"Zab\u00fadanie a star\u00ed pacienti? O skler\u00f3ze multiplex sa \u0161\u00edria najm\u00e4 m\u00fdty"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hoci je pr\u00eddavn\u00e9 meno sklerotick\u00fd synonymum slova z\u00e1budliv\u00fd<\/strong>, naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edm a\u00a0niekedy aj jedin\u00fdm prejavom skler\u00f3zy multiplex<\/strong> nie je strata pam\u00e4ti, ale \u00fanava<\/strong>. Rovnako myln\u00e9 je aj presved\u010denie, \u017ee sa skler\u00f3za multiplex objav\u00ed a\u017e v\u00a0d\u00f4chodkovom veku. Prv\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky tohto chronick\u00e9ho ochorenia sa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie prejavia medzi dvadsiatkou a\u017e \u0161tyridsiatkou. <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201eMnoh\u00ed \u013eudia si myslia, \u017ee roztr\u00fasen\u00e1 skler\u00f3za sa t\u00fdka star\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed a s\u00favis\u00ed so stratou pam\u00e4ti. \u017dia\u013e, opak je pravdou,“ pre TASR vysvet\u013euje lek\u00e1rka Viera Han\u010dinov\u00e1 z Univerzitnej nemocnice Bratislava. Dod\u00e1va, \u017ee ochorenie sa prejavuje celkovou slabos\u0165ou, \u00fanavou, ale aj zhor\u0161en\u00edm viden\u00edm<\/strong>. Ako skler\u00f3za multiplex vznik\u00e1? Dok\u00e1\u017eu pacienti s touto diagn\u00f3zou vies\u0165 plnohodnotn\u00fd \u017eivot<\/strong>?<\/p>\n

Imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m vs. nervov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna<\/b><\/h3>\n

Skler\u00f3za multiplex<\/strong> je pod\u013ea webov\u00e9ho port\u00e1lu healthline.com chronick\u00e9 ochorenie, ktor\u00e9<\/strong> postihuje centr\u00e1lny nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/strong>. Ak to zjednodu\u0161\u00edme, imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u013eud\u00ed so skler\u00f3zou nap\u00e1da ochrann\u00fa vrstvu nervov\u00fdch vl\u00e1kien<\/strong>. Vrstva okolo nervov\u00fdch vl\u00e1kien mozgu, miechy a\u00a0zrakov\u00e9ho nervu sa po\u0161kod\u00ed a\u00a0mozog m\u00e1 probl\u00e9m s\u00a0vysielan\u00edm sign\u00e1lov do zvy\u0161ku tela. Vtedy sa za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa prejavova\u0165 sympt\u00f3my.<\/p>\n

Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa ochorenie prejavuje \u00fanavou<\/strong>. Av\u0161ak, t\u00e1 sa od tej klasickej, ktor\u00fa z\u00a0\u010dasu na \u010das poci\u0165ujeme v\u0161etci, odli\u0161uje. Tento typ \u00fanavy pacientom zabra\u0148uje alebo s\u0165a\u017euje vykon\u00e1va\u0165 ka\u017edodenn\u00e9 \u00falohy a\u00a0nezmizne ani po dlhom a\u00a0kvalitnom sp\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n

Ve\u013emi \u010dasto maj\u00fa pacienti probl\u00e9m so zrakom, re\u010dou alebo poci\u0165uj\u00fa \u0165a\u017ekosti pri ch\u00f4dzi<\/strong>. Brnenie v noh\u00e1ch<\/strong> a v ruk\u00e1ch, zakopnutie na rovnej ceste, dvojit\u00e9 videnie, slepota<\/strong>, strata koncentr\u00e1cie a pam\u00e4ti alebo nezrozumite\u013en\u00e1 re\u010d<\/strong>. V\u0161etky tieto probl\u00e9my sa sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa so skler\u00f3zou multiplex. Na za\u010diatku b\u00fdvaj\u00fa pr\u00edznaky nen\u00e1padn\u00e9, \u013eahko prehliadnute\u013en\u00e9, dokonca m\u00f4\u017eu do\u010dasne vymizn\u00fa\u0165. Av\u0161ak, nemali by sme ich podce\u0148ova\u0165.<\/p>\n

Aj \u013eudia so skler\u00f3zou m\u00f4\u017eu \u017ei\u0165 naplno<\/h3>\n

Ak sa diagn\u00f3za stanov\u00ed v\u010das a s lie\u010dbou sa za\u010dne najnesk\u00f4r do dvoch rokov od prv\u00fdch pr\u00edznakov, celkov\u00e1 kvalita \u017eivota pacienta sa zlep\u0161\u00ed. Pre TASR to potvrdila aj lek\u00e1rka Viera Han\u010dinov\u00e1: „Pacienta vieme ve\u013emi efekt\u00edvne lie\u010di\u0165 a dobre diagnostikovan\u00fd pacient s dobre nastaven\u00fdm lie\u010debn\u00fdm re\u017eimom m\u00f4\u017ee \u017ei\u0165 kvalitn\u00fd \u017eivot, \u0161tudova\u0165, pracova\u0165 a zalo\u017ei\u0165 si rodinu<\/strong>.“<\/p>\n

V\u010dasn\u00fd pr\u00edstup k efekt\u00edvnej lie\u010dbe je pod\u013ea nej tie\u017e d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd pre spomalenie alebo predch\u00e1dzanie zdravotn\u00e9mu postihnutiu, \u010do zni\u017euje n\u00e1klady na soci\u00e1lnu podporu. Priebeh ochorenie sa l\u00ed\u0161i od pacienta k pacientovi, z\u00e1vis\u00ed od z\u00e1va\u017enosti pr\u00edznakov, ale aj reakcie tela na lie\u010dbu<\/strong>. Asi u desiatich a\u017e p\u00e4tn\u00e1stich percent pacientov sa ataky objavuj\u00fa len zriedkavo.<\/p>\n Pr\u00e1ve lieky pom\u00e1haj\u00fa pri zmiernen\u00ed pr\u00edznakov, av\u0161ak pacientom so skler\u00f3zou odborn\u00edci odpor\u00fa\u010daj\u00fa aj pl\u00e1vanie, cvi\u010denie v baz\u00e9ne, medit\u00e1ciu alebo jogu. Zdroj ilustra\u010dn\u00e9ho obr\u00e1zka: pexels.com\n

Hoci je choroba nepredv\u00eddate\u013en\u00e1, zriedkakedy kon\u010d\u00ed \u00famrt\u00edm<\/strong> a v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina pacientov dok\u00e1\u017ee aj napriek ochoreniu vies\u0165 plnohodnotn\u00fd \u017eivot. Av\u0161ak, \u010dasto doch\u00e1dza aj ku komplik\u00e1ci\u00e1m. Probl\u00e9my s pohybom ved\u00fa k osteopor\u00f3ze, artrit\u00edde<\/strong> a \u010dast\u00e9 p\u00e1dy k zlomenin\u00e1m. Hoci naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa skler\u00f3za multiplex prejavuje \u00fanavou, pacientov m\u00f4\u017ee potr\u00e1pi\u0165 aj depresia, \u00fazkos\u0165 alebo kognit\u00edvna porucha<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Ako lek\u00e1r diagnostikuje skler\u00f3zu multiplex?<\/h3>\n

Diagnostiku ochorenia vykon\u00e1va neurol\u00f3g, ktor\u00fd najsk\u00f4r zist\u00ed klinick\u00fa anamn\u00e9zu<\/strong> pacienta, n\u00e1sledne prejde k testom. Pomocou MRI skenovania odhal\u00ed akt\u00edvne a neakt\u00edvne l\u00e9zie v celom mozgu a mieche. Optick\u00e1 koherentn\u00e1 tomografia (OCT) mu pom\u00f4\u017ee skontrolova\u0165 sten\u010denie okolo zrakov\u00e9ho nervu, a to tak, \u017ee urob\u00ed sn\u00edmku nervov\u00fdch vl\u00e1kien v zadnej \u010dasti oka.<\/p>\n

Neurol\u00f3g m\u00f4\u017ee nariadi\u0165 aj terapiu miechy, aby zistil abnormality v miechovej tekutine. T\u00fdmto testom dok\u00e1\u017ee vyl\u00fa\u010di\u0165 infek\u010dn\u00e9 choroby. Popritom m\u00f4\u017ee pacientovi zobra\u0165 krv, aby vyl\u00fa\u010dil in\u00e9 ochorenia. Podobne ako skler\u00f3za multiplex sa prejavuje aj lupus,<\/strong> Lymsk\u00e1 alebo Sj\u00f6grenova choroba.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hoci je pr\u00eddavn\u00e9 meno sklerotick\u00fd synonymum slova z\u00e1budliv\u00fd, naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edm a\u00a0niekedy aj jedin\u00fdm prejavom skler\u00f3zy multiplex nie je strata pam\u00e4ti, ale \u00fanava. Rovnako myln\u00e9 je aj<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7732","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7732"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7732\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7732"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7732"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7732"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}