{"id":7807,"date":"2022-07-15T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-14T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/nebezpecenstvo-prilezitostneho-uzivania-kokainu\/"},"modified":"2022-07-15T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-07-14T23:00:00","slug":"nebezpecenstvo-prilezitostneho-uzivania-kokainu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/nebezpecenstvo-prilezitostneho-uzivania-kokainu\/","title":{"rendered":"Nebezpe\u010denstvo pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edvania koka\u00ednu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Naozaj existuje nie\u010do tak\u00e9 ako pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvanie koka\u00ednu?<\/h3>\n

Kv\u00f4li siln\u00e9mu vplyvu koka\u00ednu na fungovanie mozgu, je t\u00e1to droga vysoko n\u00e1vykov\u00e1 z psychologick\u00e9ho, aj fyziologick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Mlad\u00ed dospel\u00ed, ktor\u00ed t\u00fato drogu pr\u00edle\u017eitostne u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa s priate\u013emi, si nemusia by\u0165 vedom\u00ed nebezpe\u010denstva koka\u00ednu, vr\u00e1tane kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch aj dlhodob\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov koka\u00ednu na telo a myse\u013e. Takzvan\u00e9 pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvanie koka\u00ednu m\u00e1 nielen potenci\u00e1l vies\u0165 k z\u00e1vislosti, ale m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 aj \u017eivot ohrozuj\u00face<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ako m\u00f4\u017ee n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvanie koka\u00ednu vies\u0165 k z\u00e1vislosti<\/h3>\n

Koka\u00edn stimuluje z\u00e1plavu neurotransmiteru dopam\u00ednu v mozgu a vytv\u00e1ra intenz\u00edvne pocity euf\u00f3rie a pote\u0161enia<\/strong>. Jedn\u00fdm z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch nebezpe\u010denstiev koka\u00ednu je, ako \u013eahko sa z neho m\u00f4\u017ee vyvin\u00fa\u0165 z\u00e1vislos\u0165<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Droga m\u00f4\u017ee zmeni\u0165 mozog u\u017e po jednom pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong> a katalyzova\u0165 siln\u00e9 chute. To, \u010do za\u010d\u00edna pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00fdm u\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm koka\u00ednu, sa teda m\u00f4\u017ee r\u00fdchlo zmeni\u0165 na pravideln\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvanie, a potom na poruchu u\u017e\u00edvania n\u00e1vykov\u00fdch l\u00e1tok.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 fotografia: s\u00e1\u010dok s koka\u00ednom. Zdroj: ridgeviewhospital.net\n

Zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee okrem okam\u017eit\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov koka\u00edn sp\u00f4sobuje dlhotrvaj\u00face zmeny v \u0161trukt\u00fare a funkcii mozgu<\/strong>. V priebehu \u010dasu tieto zmeny ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa g\u00e9nov\u00fa expresiu a \u0161trukt\u00faru nervov\u00fdch buniek. Navy\u0161e, prefront\u00e1lna k\u00f4ra \u2013 \u010das\u0165 mozgu, ktor\u00e1 zva\u017euje riziko a rob\u00ed informovan\u00e9 rozhodnutia \u2013 sa pokra\u010duj\u00facim u\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm zhor\u0161uje, \u010d\u00edm sa \u010falej zvy\u0161uje riziko z\u00e1vislosti od koka\u00ednu u mlad\u00fdch dospel\u00fdch. Ako sa zvy\u0161uje tolerancia jednotlivca a u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa \u010doraz viac drogy, zvy\u0161uj\u00fa sa aj \u00fa\u010dinky na mozog<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd u\u017e\u00edvate\u013e drog za\u010d\u00edna ako pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00fd u\u017e\u00edvate\u013e a prv\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvanie je vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov dobrovo\u013en\u00e9 a kontrolovate\u013en\u00e9 rozhodnutie. Ale ako \u010das plynie a u\u017e\u00edvanie drog pokra\u010duje, z dobrovo\u013en\u00e9ho \u010dloveka sa st\u00e1va nutkav\u00fd u\u017e\u00edvate\u013e drog<\/strong>. T\u00e1to zmena nast\u00e1va preto, \u017ee postupom \u010dasu u\u017e\u00edvanie n\u00e1vykov\u00fdch drog men\u00ed mozog \u2013 niekedy ve\u013ek\u00fdmi, dramatick\u00fdmi, toxick\u00fdmi sp\u00f4sobmi, inokedy rafinovanej\u0161\u00edmi sp\u00f4sobmi, ale v\u017edy de\u0161trukt\u00edvnymi sp\u00f4sobmi, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu vies\u0165 k nutkav\u00e9mu a dokonca nekontrolovate\u013en\u00e9mu u\u017e\u00edvaniu drog.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pre\u010do sa mlad\u00ed dospel\u00ed zap\u00e1jaj\u00fa do pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edvania koka\u00ednu<\/h3>\n

Psychologick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky koka\u00ednu zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 pocity energie a sebad\u00f4very<\/strong>, ako aj zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 z\u00e1brany.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledkom je, \u017ee mlad\u00ed dospel\u00ed, ktor\u00ed trpia \u00fazkostnou poruchou, soci\u00e1lnou \u00fazkos\u0165ou alebo n\u00edzkou seba\u00factou, m\u00f4\u017eu u\u017e\u00edva\u0165 koka\u00edn ako sp\u00f4sob, ako sa c\u00edti\u0165 pohodlnej\u0161ie v soci\u00e1lnych alebo sexu\u00e1lnych situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Tlak rovesn\u00edkov zohr\u00e1va \u00falohu aj pri pr\u00edle\u017eitostnom u\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed koka\u00ednu. Vysok\u00e9 percento mlad\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed nes\u00fahlas\u00ed s koka\u00ednom, ale v soci\u00e1lnej situ\u00e1cii, ke\u010f drogu u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa in\u00ed, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pre nich \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 odmietnu\u0165.<\/p>\n

Okrem toho si mlad\u00ed dospel\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eu myslie\u0165, \u017ee s\u00fa \u201epr\u00edli\u0161 inteligentn\u00ed\u201c na to, aby si vytvorili z\u00e1vislos\u0165<\/strong> od drogy. Mo\u017eno si neuvedomuj\u00fa, ako r\u00fdchlo koka\u00edn p\u00f4sob\u00ed na dopam\u00ednov\u00e9 receptory v mozgu a ako euforick\u00e9 psychologick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky koka\u00ednu \u201evycvi\u010dia\u201c syst\u00e9m odme\u0148ovania mozgu, aby t\u00fa\u017eil po droge, \u010do vedie k z\u00e1vislosti od koka\u00ednu u mlad\u00fdch dospel\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 fotografia: koka\u00edn. Zdroj: eleanorhealth.com\n

Nebezpe\u010denstvo zneu\u017e\u00edvania koka\u00ednu<\/h3>\n

Dokonca aj pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvanie koka\u00ednu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 v\u00e1\u017ene fyzicky aj psychicky \u0161kodliv\u00e9. Okrem toho existuj\u00fa kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 aj dlhodob\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky koka\u00ednu.<\/p>\n

Z kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 u\u017e\u00edvanie koka\u00ednu tieto \u00fa\u010dinky:<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • Zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 chu\u0165 do jedla<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 srdcov\u00e1 frekvencia a krvn\u00fd tlak<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Vy\u0161\u0161ia frekvencia d\u00fdchania<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9 zrenice<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Such\u00e9 \u00fasta<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 \u00fa\u013eakov\u00e9 reflexy<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Extr\u00e9mna citlivos\u0165 na svetlo, dotyk alebo zvuk<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Fyzick\u00e9 a psychick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky u\u017e\u00edvania koka\u00ednu v priebehu \u010dasu zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa:<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • Bolesti hlavy<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • Naru\u0161en\u00e9 sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9 vzorce<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • Nevo\u013enos\u0165 a bolesti brucha<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • N\u00e1siln\u00e9 alebo rizikov\u00e9 sexu\u00e1lne spr\u00e1vanie<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • Z\u00e1vraty<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • Podr\u00e1\u017edenos\u0165 a hnev<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • Intenz\u00edvna \u00fazkos\u0165 alebo paranoja<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • K\u0155\u010de a z\u00e1chvaty<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • Strata \u010duchu a krv\u00e1canie z nosa v d\u00f4sledku \u0161nupania koka\u00ednu<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • \u010crevn\u00fd kaz v d\u00f4sledku peror\u00e1lnej konzum\u00e1cie<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od koka\u00ednu u mlad\u00fdch dospel\u00fdch po\u010das dlh\u0161ieho \u010dasov\u00e9ho obdobia m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k nasleduj\u00facim \u00fa\u010dinkom koka\u00ednu na telo a myse\u013e:<\/h3>\n
        \n
      • Trval\u00e9 po\u0161kodenie krvn\u00fdch ciev srdca a mozgu, \u010do vedie k infarktu alebo m\u0155tvici<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Po\u0161kodenie pe\u010dene, obli\u010diek a p\u013e\u00fac<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Zni\u010denie tkan\u00edv v nose<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Podv\u00fd\u017eiva a strata hmotnosti<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Zubn\u00fd kaz<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Probl\u00e9my sexu\u00e1lneho zdravia, ako je neplodnos\u0165<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Poruchy n\u00e1lady<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Sluchov\u00e9 alebo hmatov\u00e9 halucin\u00e1cie<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Psych\u00f3za<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Klinick\u00e1 depresia<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Kedy h\u013eada\u0165 pomoc pri zneu\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed koka\u00ednu<\/h3>\n

        Existuje mno\u017estvo varovn\u00fdch sign\u00e1lov, ktor\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvanie koka\u00ednu u mlad\u00fdch dospel\u00fdch prer\u00e1stlo do z\u00e1vislosti<\/strong> od koka\u00ednu. Patria sem fyzick\u00e9, behavior\u00e1lne a psychologick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky koka\u00ednu na telo a myse\u013e.<\/p>\n

        Fyzick\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky<\/strong>: Krv\u00e1canie z nosa, probl\u00e9my s d\u00fdchan\u00edm, zmeny v stravovac\u00edch alebo sp\u00e1nkov\u00fdch n\u00e1vykoch<\/strong>, intenz\u00edvna t\u00fa\u017eba po droge, abstinen\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky (ako je zimnica, bolesti, \u00fanava a hor\u00fa\u010dka), ke\u010f drogu neu\u017e\u00edvate.<\/p>\n

        Znaky spr\u00e1vania<\/strong>: finan\u010dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, ch\u00fdbaj\u00faca pr\u00e1ca alebo \u0161kola, po\u017ei\u010diavanie alebo kr\u00e1de\u017e pe\u0148az\u00ed, strata preh\u013eadu o \u017eivotn\u00fdch cie\u013eoch, agres\u00edvne alebo hrub\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie<\/strong>, odl\u00fa\u010denie od rodiny a priate\u013eov.<\/p>\n

        Zn\u00e1mky du\u0161evn\u00e9ho zdravia<\/strong>: Zmeny osobnosti, depresia, \u00fazkos\u0165, paranoja<\/strong>, m\u00e1nia, bludn\u00e9 myslenie.<\/p>\n

        Ke\u010f\u017ee nebezpe\u010denstv\u00e1 koka\u00ednu s\u00fa tak\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 a abstinen\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky zo zneu\u017e\u00edvania koka\u00ednu m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9, vr\u00e1tane depresie a samovra\u017eedn\u00fdch my\u0161lienok, je nevyhnutn\u00e9 vyh\u013eada\u0165 odborn\u00fa pomoc<\/strong>, aby ste sa mohli bezpe\u010dne zbavi\u0165 tejto drogy. N\u00e1sledne m\u00f4\u017ee lie\u010dba pom\u00f4c\u0165 mlad\u00fdm dospel\u00fdm pochopi\u0165 probl\u00e9my du\u0161evn\u00e9ho zdravia, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa ich zneu\u017e\u00edvanie koka\u00ednu, a pom\u00f4c\u0165 im vytvori\u0165 si zdrav\u00e9 mechanizmy zvl\u00e1dania.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Naozaj existuje nie\u010do tak\u00e9 ako pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvanie koka\u00ednu? Kv\u00f4li siln\u00e9mu vplyvu koka\u00ednu na fungovanie mozgu, je t\u00e1to droga vysoko n\u00e1vykov\u00e1 z psychologick\u00e9ho, aj fyziologick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7807","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7807","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7807"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7807\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7807"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7807"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7807"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}