{"id":7831,"date":"2022-07-31T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-30T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/mohli-by-sme-sa-raz-usadit-na-mesiaci-nasa-jamy-jaskyne\/"},"modified":"2022-07-31T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-07-30T23:00:00","slug":"mohli-by-sme-sa-raz-usadit-na-mesiaci-nasa-jamy-jaskyne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/mohli-by-sme-sa-raz-usadit-na-mesiaci-nasa-jamy-jaskyne\/","title":{"rendered":"Mohli by sme sa raz usadi\u0165 na Mesiaci? NASA objavila miesta s ide\u00e1lnou teplotou"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pred v\u00fdkyvmi mesa\u010dn\u00fdch tepl\u00f4t na Mesiaci sa astronauti chr\u00e1nia skafandrom. \u010co by ste v\u0161ak povedali na jaskyne, v ktor\u00fdch je pr\u00edjemn\u00fdch 17 stup\u0148ov?<\/p>\n

Za teplotn\u00e9 rozdiely m\u00f4\u017ee orbit\u00e1lny sklon<\/h3>\n

Teploty na Mesiaci s\u00fa po\u010das d\u0148a extr\u00e9mne odli\u0161n\u00e9<\/strong>. K\u00fdm niektor\u00e9 \u010dasti sa r\u00e1no zahrievaj\u00fa a\u017e na 127 stup\u0148ov Celzia, v noci dosahuj\u00fa rovnak\u00e9, av\u0161ak m\u00ednusov\u00e9 hodnoty. Preto sa ned\u00e1 hovori\u0165 o tom, \u017ee by sa na Mesiaci striedali ro\u010dn\u00e9 obdobia. V\u0161etko to z\u00e1vis\u00ed od orbit\u00e1lneho sklonu<\/strong>. Ide o sklon obe\u017enej dr\u00e1hy objektu okolo nebesk\u00e9ho telesa. Napr\u00edklad na\u0161a Zem je na osi naklonen\u00e1 pribli\u017ene o 23,5 stup\u0148a. Ke\u010f obieha okolo Slnka, r\u00f4zne \u010dasti plan\u00e9ty sa zahrievaj\u00fa odli\u0161ne. Mesiac je so sklonom 1,54 prakticky vzpriamen\u00fd, tak\u017ee u\u0148ho sez\u00f3nne zmeny nehrozia.<\/p>\n Povrch Mesiaca je pokryt\u00fd m\u0155tvymi sopkami, kr\u00e1termi a l\u00e1vov\u00fdmi pr\u00fadmi. Niektor\u00e9 vid\u00edme aj vo\u013en\u00fdm okom. zdroj: unsplash.com\n

V novej \u0161t\u00fadii v\u00fdskumn\u00edci analyzovali teploty vo valcovej jame hlbokej asi 100 metrov v Mori pokoja<\/strong> \u2013 bl\u00edzko mesa\u010dn\u00e9ho rovn\u00edka. Zistenia t\u00edmu odhalili, \u017ee hoci je dno jamy osvetlen\u00e9 na mesa\u010dn\u00e9 poludnie, je to pravdepodobne najteplej\u0161ie miesto na celom povrchu n\u00e1\u0161ho prirodzen\u00e9ho satelitu<\/strong>. Nameran\u00e1 teplota dosiahla pribli\u017ene 149 \u00b0C<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Pl\u00e1novanie misie na Mesiac v\u0161ak starostlivo rie\u0161i aj tento probl\u00e9m. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa rolu zohr\u00e1va na\u010dasovanie. Astronauti maj\u00fa nastaven\u00e9 prist\u00e1tie v\u00a0\u010dase \u00fasvitu<\/strong>, aby sa zabezpe\u010dilo, \u017ee sa povrch nestihne \u00faplne zohria\u0165<\/strong> na svoju denn\u00fa teplotu.<\/p>\n

\u010co astronautom umo\u017e\u0148uje bezpe\u010dn\u00fd pohyb po Mesiaci?<\/h3>\n

Ako sa kozmonauti vyrovn\u00e1vaj\u00fa s\u00a0mesa\u010dn\u00fdmi teplotami? Teplo sa m\u00f4\u017ee pren\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 tromi sp\u00f4sobmi a na Mesiaci s\u00fa mo\u017en\u00e9 len dva. Prv\u00fdm je \u017eiarenie, pren\u00e1\u0161a sa priamo zo Slnka, ale aj z odrazu Slnka na povrchu.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00fdm je vedenie z priameho kontaktu ich n\u00f4h so zemou. Na\u0161\u0165astie sa preuk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee mesa\u010dn\u00fd povrch nie je efekt\u00edvnym tepeln\u00fdm vodi\u010dom. Navy\u0161e, top\u00e1nky astronautov chr\u00e1ni izol\u00e1cia<\/strong>, \u010do e\u0161te viac spoma\u013euje vedenie.<\/p>\n Vesm\u00edrne skafandre Apollo 11 sl\u00fa\u017eia na pou\u017eitie v lun\u00e1rnom module a tie\u017e na prech\u00e1dzky po Mesiaci. zdroj: unsplash.com\n

Skafandre odr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa takmer 90 % svetla<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 sa k nim dostane, tak\u017ee sa na nich prenesie len zlomok tepla. Tvor\u00ed ich a\u017e 20 vrstiev na ochranu pred teplom, chladom, tlakom a \u0161krabancami. Pou\u017eit\u00e9 s\u00fa \u00a0modern\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly<\/strong> ako hlin\u00edk, Mylar, nylon a tefl\u00f3n. Okrem toho maj\u00fa skafandre rukavice a \u010di\u017emy prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9 na oh\u00fdbanie kon\u010datinami. Pozl\u00e1ten\u00e9 prilby zase sl\u00fa\u017eia na ochranu pred slne\u010dn\u00fdmi l\u00fa\u010dmi.<\/p>\n

Termokamera odhalila zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 miesta<\/h3>\n

V\u00fdpravu na Mesiaci v\u0161ak ohrozuj\u00fa \u010fal\u0161ie nebezpe\u010denstv\u00e1. Sol\u00e1rny vietor<\/strong> dok\u00e1\u017ee oh\u00fdba\u0165 magnetosf\u00e9ru a sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 odhalenie na\u0161ej prirodzenej dru\u017eice. V takom pr\u00edpade Mesiac ohrozuj\u00fa negat\u00edvne nabit\u00e9 \u010dastice, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu po\u0161kodi\u0165 elektroniku. Nieko\u013eko astronautov misi\u00ed Apollo potvrdilo, \u017ee aj so zavret\u00fdmi o\u010dami dok\u00e1zali vn\u00edma\u0165 z\u00e1blesky svetla. Kv\u00f4li tomu si tieto l\u00fa\u010de vysl\u00fa\u017eili prez\u00fdvku \u201eAstronautovo oko\u201c<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Okrem sk\u00famania Mesiaca je teda d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby boli kozmonauti vystaven\u00ed \u010do najni\u017e\u0161iemu riziku. Lun\u00e1rni vedci s\u00fa presved\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee sa im podarilo objavi\u0165 miesta, ktor\u00e9 by pos\u00e1dku ochr\u00e1nili pred n\u00e1strahami vesm\u00edru<\/strong>. Analyzovali 200 j\u00e1m s\u00a0teplotou 17 stup\u0148ov Celzia<\/strong>, ide\u00e1lnou na to, aby sa \u013eudia ukryli pred mesa\u010dn\u00fdmi teplotami.<\/p>\n

\u201ePre\u017ei\u0165 lun\u00e1rnu noc je neuverite\u013ene \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9, preto\u017ee si to vy\u017eaduje ve\u013ea energie, ale pobyt v t\u00fdchto jam\u00e1ch a jaskyniach t\u00fato po\u017eiadavku takmer \u00faplne odstra\u0148uje,\u201c<\/em><\/strong> objas\u0148uje autor v\u00fdskumu, Thomas Horvath.<\/p>\n

Je to objav, ktor\u00e9mu sa vedci venovali viac ako desa\u0165 rokov. Prv\u00fa jamu na mesa\u010dnom povrchu objavila v roku 2009 orbit\u00e1lna sonda Kaguya<\/strong> od Japonskej agent\u00fary pre v\u00fdskum vesm\u00edru (JAXA). Tentoraz bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 miesta vyh\u013ead\u00e1vala NASA. N\u00e1lez je pr\u00e1cou termokamery<\/strong> na robotickej sonde Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO).<\/p>\n

Teoretick\u00e1 rovina ost\u00e1va nemenn\u00e1<\/h3>\n

Z 200 objaven\u00fdch j\u00e1m maj\u00fa dve a\u017e tri previsy, ktor\u00e9 ved\u00fa do jaskyne. \u010eal\u0161\u00edch 16 ukr\u00fdva priechody do zr\u00faten\u00fdch l\u00e1vov\u00fdch r\u00far<\/strong>. Na Zemi sa l\u00e1vov\u00e9 trubice a l\u00e1vov\u00e9 jaskyne nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa bl\u00edzko povrchu vo vulkanick\u00fdch oblastiach \u2013 najm\u00e4 jasky\u0148a Kazumura na Havaji a La Cueva del Viento na Tenerife.<\/p>\n

Proces sa odohral pred miliardami rokov, ke\u010f mas\u00edvne sope\u010dn\u00e9 udalosti na Mesiaci vytvorili sl\u00e1vne tmav\u00e9 l\u00e1vov\u00e9 polia na mesa\u010dnom povrchu. \u201eTieto jamy sa pravdepodobne vytvorili v d\u00f4sledku mal\u00fdch n\u00e1razov, ktor\u00e9 prerazili dieru do stropu l\u00e1vovej r\u00fary, alebo seizmickej aktivity oslabuj\u00facej strop,\u201c<\/em><\/strong> povedal Horvath.<\/p>\n \u010co ak raz Zem nebude jedinou plan\u00e9tou, ktor\u00fa m\u00f4\u017eeme ob\u00fdva\u0165? zdroj: pexels.com\n

Je ot\u00e1zne, \u010di pre n\u00e1s existuje bud\u00facnos\u0165, v ktorej by sme b\u00fdvali na Mesiaci a \u017eili v jaskyniach. Vedci sa musia popasova\u0165 s \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi v\u00fdzvami na vytvorenie ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek druhu dlhodob\u00e9ho \u013eudsk\u00e9ho pobytu \u2013 vr\u00e1tane pestovania potravy a poskytovania dostatku kysl\u00edka. \u010co sa t\u00fdka misi\u00ed, NASA objasnila, \u017ee nem\u00e1 \u017eiadne okam\u017eit\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny na zriadenie z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho t\u00e1bora alebo obydlia.<\/p>\n

Zdroje: www.forbes.com, www.livescience.com<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zdroj titulnej fotografie: www.pexels.com<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pred v\u00fdkyvmi mesa\u010dn\u00fdch tepl\u00f4t na Mesiaci sa astronauti chr\u00e1nia skafandrom. \u010co by ste v\u0161ak povedali na jaskyne, v ktor\u00fdch je pr\u00edjemn\u00fdch 17 stup\u0148ov? Za teplotn\u00e9<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7831","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7831","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7831"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7831\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7831"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7831"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}