{"id":7885,"date":"2022-09-08T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-07T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/odpoved-na-otazku-preco-si-psy-navzajom-onuchavaju-zadky\/"},"modified":"2022-09-08T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-09-07T23:00:00","slug":"odpoved-na-otazku-preco-si-psy-navzajom-onuchavaju-zadky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/odpoved-na-otazku-preco-si-psy-navzajom-onuchavaju-zadky\/","title":{"rendered":"Ot\u00e1zka, na ktor\u00fa chce ka\u017ed\u00fd pozna\u0165 odpove\u010f: Pre\u010do si psy navz\u00e1jom o\u0148uch\u00e1vaj\u00fa zadky?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ach tie psy! \u010ci u\u017e m\u00e1te doma mal\u00e9ho alebo ve\u013ek\u00e9ho psa, u\u017e viac nemus\u00edte zahanbene st\u00e1\u0165 na ulici pri stretnut\u00ed s jeho chlpat\u00fdmi kamo\u0161mi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Psia superschopnos\u0165 aj \u0161peci\u00e1lny org\u00e1n<\/h3>\n

Oproti \u013eudom vynikaj\u00fa psy hlavne v \u010duchan\u00ed. Zatia\u013e \u010do \u013eudia maj\u00fa v nose pribli\u017ene 5 mili\u00f3nov \u010duchov\u00fdch receptorov<\/strong>, psy ich maj\u00fa v z\u00e1vislosti od plemena 150 a\u017e 300 mili\u00f3nov<\/strong>. A mo\u017eno v\u00e1s prekvap\u00ed, \u017ee a\u017e tretina psieho mozgu je venovan\u00e1 spracovaniu t\u00fdchto pachov\u00fdch sign\u00e1lov<\/strong>, zatia\u013e \u010do \u010dlovek vyu\u017e\u00edva na \u010duch len 1\/20 svojho mozgu.<\/p>\n

Aby toho nebolo m\u00e1lo, psy maj\u00fa v \u0148uf\u00e1ku aj \u0161peci\u00e1lnu oblas\u0165 naz\u00fdvan\u00fa Jacobsonov org\u00e1n<\/strong>. Pomerne dlho bol Jacobsonov org\u00e1n neobjaven\u00fd. A\u017e v roku 1732 ho objavil Frederik Ruysh<\/strong> a nesk\u00f4r, v roku 1813, ho znovu objavil Ludwig Jacobson<\/strong>, pod\u013ea ktor\u00e9ho dostal aj pomenovanie.<\/p>\n

Tento mal\u00fd ale d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd org\u00e1n sa podob\u00e1 vrec\u00fa\u0161ku a nach\u00e1dza sa v bl\u00edzkosti nosov\u00fdch kost\u00ed. S\u00eddli hne\u010f ved\u013ea dolnej \u010dasti nosovej priehradky a v prednej \u010dasti podnebia v\u00e1\u0161ho psa.<\/p>\n

Hlavnou funkciu tohoto org\u00e1nu je prenos chemick\u00fdch spr\u00e1v z ferom\u00f3nov,<\/strong> ktor\u00e9 z\u00e1merne zanech\u00e1vaj\u00fa in\u00e9 psy. Pr\u00e1ve prostredn\u00edctvo tejto pachovej po\u0161ty dok\u00e1\u017eu psy rozpozna\u0165 pohlavie, n\u00e1ladu a zdravotn\u00fd stav in\u00e9ho psa.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ferom\u00f3ny a psy<\/h3>\n

Ferom\u00f3ny s\u00fa chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, ktor\u00e9 psy ale aj in\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1 prirodzene uvo\u013e\u0148uj\u00fa a ktor\u00e9 sl\u00fa\u017eia ako nevidite\u013en\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia<\/strong>. V podstate ferom\u00f3ny p\u00f4sobia ako horm\u00f3ny mimo tela vylu\u010duj\u00faceho jedinca<\/strong> a ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa spr\u00e1vanie prij\u00edmaj\u00facich jedincov<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Medzi hlavn\u00e9 druhy ferom\u00f3nov sa zara\u010fuj\u00fa:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. popla\u0161n\u00e9 ferom\u00f3ny,<\/li>\n
  2. ferom\u00f3ny potravinov\u00fdch st\u00f4p,<\/li>\n
  3. agrega\u010dn\u00e9 ferom\u00f3ny,<\/li>\n
  4. sexu\u00e1lne ferom\u00f3ny,<\/li>\n
  5. teritori\u00e1lne ferom\u00f3ny.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Ferom\u00f3ny pes uc\u00edti nosom, potom sa prenes\u00fa do \u0161peci\u00e1lneho vomeronaz\u00e1lneho org\u00e1nu (Jacobsonovho org\u00e1nu). Odtia\u013eto tieto tajn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy de\u0161ifruje \u010das\u0165 mozgu, ktor\u00e1 riadi em\u00f3cie<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Pre\u010do pr\u00e1ve zadok?<\/h3>\n

    V bl\u00edzkosti kore\u0148a chvosta maj\u00fa psy an\u00e1lne va\u010dky<\/strong>. Tieto va\u010dky s\u00fa apokrinn\u00e9 \u017e\u013eazy, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa aj \u013eudia. A pr\u00e1ve inform\u00e1cie obsiahnut\u00e9 vo ferom\u00f3noch, ktor\u00e9 tieto \u017e\u013eazy produkuj\u00fa, s\u00fa pre psy tak\u00e9 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9<\/strong>. V\u010faka tomuto chemick\u00e9mu kokteilu, vie pes\u00a0 zisti\u0165 pohlavie in\u00e9ho psa, pripravenos\u0165 na p\u00e1renie, n\u00e1ladu, zdravotn\u00fd stav, \u010do v poslednom \u010dase jedol a pravdepodobne e\u0161te ove\u013ea viac<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 potn\u00e9\u00a0 \u017e\u013eazy<\/h3>\n

    Potn\u00e1 \u017e\u013eaza<\/strong> je jedn\u00fdm z dvoch typov ko\u017en\u00fdch \u017eliaz so sekr\u00e9ciou, ktor\u00e9 sa vyskytuj\u00fa len u cicavcov<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Ekrinn\u00e1 potn\u00e1 \u017e\u013eaza<\/strong> reguluje telesn\u00fa teplotu. Ke\u010f sa vn\u00fatorn\u00e1 teplota zv\u00fd\u0161i, ekkrinn\u00e9 \u017e\u013eazy vylu\u010duj\u00fa vodu na povrch ko\u017ee, kde sa teplo odv\u00e1dza odparovan\u00edm. Ekrinn\u00e9 \u017e\u013eazy s\u00fa akt\u00edvne na v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine tela. U kon\u00ed, medve\u010fov a \u013eud\u00ed s\u00fa hlavn\u00fdm termoregula\u010dn\u00fdm zariaden\u00edm.<\/strong> U in\u00fdch zvierat (psov, ma\u010diek, hov\u00e4dzieho dobytka a oviec) s\u00fa akt\u00edvne len na vank\u00fa\u0161ikoch labiek alebo pozd\u013a\u017e okrajov pier a na zvy\u0161ku tela m\u00f4\u017eu \u00faplne ch\u00fdba\u0165<\/strong>. Tak\u00e9to zvierat\u00e1 s\u00fa \u010dasto z\u00e1visl\u00e9 od d\u00fdchania, aby mohli \u00fa\u010dinne regulova\u0165 teplotu<\/strong>. Men\u0161ie cicavce, ako napr\u00edklad hlodavce, neznes\u00fa dehydrat\u00e1ciu, a preto nemaj\u00fa \u017eiadne ekrinn\u00e9 \u017e\u013eazy<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Apokrinn\u00e1 potn\u00e1 \u017e\u013eaza<\/strong> nepretr\u017eite vylu\u010duj\u00fa tukov\u00fd pot do \u017e\u013eazov\u00fdch kan\u00e1likov. Emocion\u00e1lny stres sp\u00f4sobuje, \u017ee stena kan\u00e1lika sa s\u0165ahuje a vypudzuje tukov\u00fd sekr\u00e9t do ko\u017ee, kde ho miestne bakt\u00e9rie rozkladaj\u00fa na zap\u00e1chaj\u00face mastn\u00e9 kyseliny<\/strong>. U \u010dloveka s\u00fa apokrinn\u00e9 \u017e\u013eazy s\u00fastreden\u00e9 v podpazu\u0161\u00ed a v genit\u00e1lnych oblastiach. Tieto \u017e\u013eazy s\u00fa neakt\u00edvne a\u017e do obdobia puberty, kedy ich za\u010dn\u00fa stimulova\u0165 hormon\u00e1lne zmeny<\/strong>. U ostatn\u00fdch cicavcov sa apokrinn\u00e9 \u017e\u013eazy nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161om mno\u017estve.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Apokrinn\u00e9 \u017e\u013eazy s\u00fa po celom psom tele, av\u0161ak dva zadkov\u00e9 vaky so \u017e\u013eazami s\u00fa naj\u013eah\u0161ie pr\u00edstupn\u00e9<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Zdroje: HowStuffWorks, DogDiscoveries, Rspcaqld, Britannica,<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Ach tie psy! \u010ci u\u017e m\u00e1te doma mal\u00e9ho alebo ve\u013ek\u00e9ho psa, u\u017e viac nemus\u00edte zahanbene st\u00e1\u0165 na ulici pri stretnut\u00ed s jeho chlpat\u00fdmi kamo\u0161mi.  <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7885","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7885","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7885"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7885\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7885"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7885"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7885"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}