{"id":8001,"date":"2022-11-22T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-21T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/29103-2\/"},"modified":"2022-11-22T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-11-21T23:00:00","slug":"29103-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/29103-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Dada n\u00e1s vie nau\u010di\u0165 ve\u013ea aj o pr\u00edtomnosti"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dada bolo umeleck\u00e9 hnutie, ktor\u00e9 vzniklo po\u010das prvej svetovej vojny v Z\u00fcrichu <strong>ako reakcia na hr\u00f4zy a \u0161ialenstvo vojnov\u00e9ho sveta. \u0160vaj\u010diarsko bolo neutr\u00e1lnou krajinou, a tak mnoh\u00ed umelci a intelektu\u00e1li, ktor\u00ed boli proti vojne, h\u013eadali \u00fato\u010disko pr\u00e1ve v Z\u00fcrichu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eMy v Z\u00fcrichu sme sa po masakre svetovej vojny v roku 1914 venovali umeniu. K\u00fdm v dia\u013eke duneli zbrane, my sme zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch s\u00edl spievali, ma\u013eovali, vytv\u00e1rali kol\u00e1\u017ee a p\u00edsali b\u00e1sne.\u201c <\/em>umelec Hans Arp\u00a0<em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/giphy.com\/gifs\/dali-salvador-ZGRqRg62P4RIQ\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/giphy.com\/gifs\/dali-salvador-ZGRqRg62P4RIQ<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Pre\u010do pr\u00e1ve dada?<\/h3>\n<p>P\u00f4vod n\u00e1zvu <strong><em>dada<\/em><\/strong> je nejasn\u00fd. Niektor\u00ed sa domnievaj\u00fa, \u017ee ide o nezmyseln\u00e9 slovo. In\u00ed tvrdia, \u017ee poch\u00e1dza z \u010dast\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvania slov <strong>da, da<\/strong> rumunsk\u00fdmi umelcami Tristanom Tzarom a Marcelom Jancom, \u010do v rumun\u010dine znamen\u00e1 <strong>\u201e\u00e1no, \u00e1no\u201c<\/strong>. Dada je takisto <strong>hovorov\u00fd franc\u00fazsky v\u00fdraz pre kon\u00ed\u010dka (detsk\u00e9ho dreven\u00e9ho ko\u0148a na hranie)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Dada ako hnutie anti umenia<\/h3>\n<p>Dadaizmus je jedn\u00fdm z <strong>najnekonven\u010dnej\u0161\u00edch avantgardn\u00fdch umeleck\u00fdch a kult\u00farnych hnut\u00ed 20. storo\u010dia. <\/strong>Toto hnutie odmietalo vojnov\u00fa politiku, bur\u017eo\u00e1znu kult\u00faru a kapitalistick\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd syst\u00e9m.\u00a0<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00fd vplyv na dada mali niektor\u00e9 avantgardn\u00e9 smery z konca 19. a za\u010diatku 20. storo\u010dia. Medzi ne patril bezpochyby <strong>futurizmus, expresionizmus, kubizmus a kon\u0161truktivizmus<\/strong>. Spolo\u010dn\u00fdm znakom v\u0161etk\u00fdch t\u00fdchto hnut\u00ed ako aj dadaizmu bola <strong>kult\u00farna kritika. <\/strong>Prostredn\u00edctvom svojich diel sa dadaisti vysmievali nacionalistick\u00fdm a materialistick\u00fdm postojom.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1mery skup\u00edn podie\u013eaj\u00facich sa na dada boli dvojak\u00e9.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chceli pom\u00f4c\u0165 ukon\u010di\u0165 vojnu.<\/li>\n<li>Chceli spochybni\u0165 a vyjadri\u0165 frustr\u00e1ciu z bur\u017eo\u00e1znych a nacionalistick\u00fdch postojov, ktor\u00e9 pod\u013ea nich viedli k vojne.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aj pre svoje postoje boli tieto umeleck\u00e9 skupiny vo svojej organiz\u00e1cii nest\u00e1le. Ich <strong>antiautorit\u00e1rsky postoj bol proti akejko\u013evek forme ved\u00facej ideol\u00f3gie alebo vedenia skupiny<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9, smie\u0161ne, hlavne nie estetisk\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>Dadaistick\u00e9 diela predstavuj\u00fa zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 <strong>presahy a paradoxy<\/strong>. Aj ke\u010f sa sna\u017eia demystifikova\u0165 umeleck\u00e9 diela, napriek tomu zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa <strong>dostato\u010dne z\u00e1hadn\u00e9<\/strong>. <strong>Nech\u00e1vaj\u00fa priestor div\u00e1kovi, aby s\u00e1m interpretoval dielo r\u00f4znymi sp\u00f4sobmi. <\/strong>Niektor\u00ed dadaisti zobrazovali \u013eud\u00ed a sc\u00e9ny s cie\u013eom analyzova\u0165 formu a pohyb. In\u00ed, ako Kurt Schwitters a Man Ray, praktizovali abstrakciu, aby vyjadrili metafyzick\u00fa podstatu be\u017en\u00fdch predmetov.<\/p>\n<p>Jednotliv\u00e9 skupiny sa mierne l\u00ed\u0161ili svoj\u00edm zameran\u00edm, pri\u010dom <strong>berl\u00ednska skupina bola najviac zameran\u00e1 proti vl\u00e1de<\/strong> and <strong>newyorsk\u00e1 skupina najviac proti tradi\u010dn\u00e9mu umeniu a <\/strong>hannoversk\u00e1 skupina bola zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch skup\u00edn pravdepodobne najkonzervat\u00edvnej\u0161ia.<\/p>\n<p>S dadaistick\u00fdm ch\u00e1pan\u00edm umenia \u00fazko s\u00favisel aj ich <strong>z\u00e1ujem o humor, zvy\u010dajne vo forme ir\u00f3nie a satiry.<\/strong> Ir\u00f3nia d\u00e1vala umelcom <strong>flexibilitu a vyjadrovala ich prijatie bl\u00e1znivosti sveta<\/strong>, \u010d\u00edm im br\u00e1nila bra\u0165 svoju pr\u00e1cu pr\u00edli\u0161 v\u00e1\u017ene alebo sa necha\u0165 unies\u0165 pr\u00edli\u0161n\u00fdm nad\u0161en\u00edm \u010di snami o ut\u00f3pii.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u010co n\u00e1s u\u010d\u00ed dadaizmus o umen\u00ed a o svete<\/h3>\n<p>Dadaizmus dokazuje, \u017ee tvorivos\u0165 sa v n\u00e1s prirodzene rod\u00ed. Pre dadaistov bolo <strong>h\u013eadanie nov\u00fdch v\u00fdrazov\u00fdch prostriedkov jedin\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom, ako bojova\u0165 proti nespravodlivosti a bolesti.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eMet\u00f3dy, ktor\u00e9 dadaizmus na\u0161iel sa sprvu javili a st\u00e1le m\u00f4\u017ee javi\u0165 ako <strong>met\u00f3dy chaosu a absurdity<\/strong>,<strong> no neboli absurdnej\u0161ie ako n\u00e1silie, ktor\u00e9ho boli \u013eudia svedkami po\u010das vojen.\u201c <\/strong><\/em>Sventome<\/p>\n<h3>Jazyk m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 obmedzen\u00fd, ale kreativita nie<\/h3>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Year 9 students have been studying the art period, Dadaism, and have produced some fantastic personal responses to the pandemic. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/CGxlMp4Hq5\" rel=\"nofollow\">pic.twitter.com\/CGxlMp4Hq5<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Harris Wimbledon (@HAWimbledon) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/HAWimbledon\/status\/1372581607224266752?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">March 18, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Pre dadaistov <strong>bol jazyk n\u00e1strojom<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd nedok\u00e1zal uk\u00e1za\u0165 skuto\u010dn\u00fa hr\u00f4zu vojny. Ke\u010f hovor\u00edme o nen\u00e1visti, zni\u010den\u00fdch mest\u00e1ch a dedin\u00e1ch, znetvoren\u00fdch \u013eudoch a hluku, <strong>konven\u010dn\u00fd jazyk nedok\u00e1zal vyvola\u0165 autentick\u00fd z\u00e1\u017eitok t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed boli svedkami tejto hr\u00f4zy.<\/strong> Dadaisti sa neb\u00e1li vym\u00fd\u0161\u013ea\u0165 slov\u00e1, pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 dlh\u00e9 re\u0165azce p\u00edsmen alebo opakovania. Podarilo sa im unikn\u00fa\u0165 obmedzeniam jazyka a vytvori\u0165 nov\u00fa sk\u00fasenos\u0165, v ktorej ka\u017ed\u00fd zvuk a ka\u017ed\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno boli relevantn\u00e9 pre posolstvo.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dada bolo umeleck\u00e9 hnutie, ktor\u00e9 vzniklo po\u010das prvej svetovej vojny v Z\u00fcrichu ako reakcia na hr\u00f4zy a \u0161ialenstvo vojnov\u00e9ho sveta. \u0160vaj\u010diarsko bolo neutr\u00e1lnou krajinou, a<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8001","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8001","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8001"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8001\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8001"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8001"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8001"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}