{"id":8004,"date":"2022-11-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-22T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/urcite-latky-v-ovzdusi-ochladzuju-klimu-ich-ucinok-je-kratkodoby-oxid-uhlicity-z-aut-vydrzi-aj-starocia\/"},"modified":"2022-11-23T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-11-22T23:00:00","slug":"urcite-latky-v-ovzdusi-ochladzuju-klimu-ich-ucinok-je-kratkodoby-oxid-uhlicity-z-aut-vydrzi-aj-starocia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/urcite-latky-v-ovzdusi-ochladzuju-klimu-ich-ucinok-je-kratkodoby-oxid-uhlicity-z-aut-vydrzi-aj-starocia\/","title":{"rendered":"Ur\u010dit\u00e9 l\u00e1tky v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed ochladzuj\u00fa kl\u00edmu. Ich \u00fa\u010dinok je kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fd, oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd z \u00e1ut vydr\u017e\u00ed st\u00e1ro\u010dia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rizik\u00e1 zne\u010dis\u0165ovania ovzdu\u0161ia sa dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u010doraz viac do povedomia. Nielen\u017ee prispieva k ni\u010deniu pr\u00edrody, ktor\u00e1 je pre \u013eudsk\u00fa existenciu potrebn\u00e1, ale aj ni\u010d\u00ed na\u0161e zdravie. Port\u00e1l ScienceAlert uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee l\u00e1tky, ktor\u00e9 ho zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00fa, ro\u010dne zabij\u00fa a\u017e okolo 7 mili\u00f3nov \u013eud\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161a ho tvoria drobn\u00e9 \u010dastice suspendovan\u00e9 vo vzduchu, ktor\u00e9 pri vd\u00fdchnut\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eu u \u013eud\u00ed sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 r\u00f4zne \u0165a\u017ekosti. Patria k n\u00edm srdcov\u00e9 a p\u013e\u00facne ochorenia, ale aj rakovina.<\/strong> Pod dan\u00fdmi \u010dasticami si m\u00f4\u017eeme predstavi\u0165 aj rodiace sa oblaky, \u010di u\u017e vo forme kry\u0161t\u00e1lov morskej soli z Ju\u017en\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu alebo s\u00edranov z priemyseln\u00fdch kom\u00ednov. S\u00fahrnne ich m\u00f4\u017eeme naz\u00fdva\u0165 ako aeros\u00f3ly.<\/p>\n

Chladiaci \u00fa\u010dinok aeros\u00f3lov<\/h3>\n

University of Oxford p\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee vlhkos\u0165 v atmosf\u00e9re m\u00f4\u017ee kondenzova\u0165 len do kvap\u00f4\u010dok s aeros\u00f3lmi<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 do vzduchu prid\u00e1va spa\u013eovanie fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv. V\u010faka aeros\u00f3lom s\u00fa dan\u00e9 kvap\u00f4\u010dky po\u010detnej\u0161ie, \u010do zapr\u00ed\u010di\u0148uje, \u017ee oblaky viac odr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa slne\u010dn\u00e9 svetlo.<\/p>\n

Dan\u00e9 faktory zvy\u0161uj\u00fa mno\u017estvo slne\u010dn\u00e9ho svetla, ktor\u00e9 mraky rozpty\u013euj\u00fa sp\u00e4\u0165 do vesm\u00edru namiesto toho, aby ich pohltila Zem. Pr\u00e1ve to je jeden z d\u00f4vodov, pre\u010do Medzivl\u00e1dny panel pre zmenu kl\u00edmy dospel k z\u00e1veru, \u017ee \u010dlovekom vyroben\u00e9 aeros\u00f3ly ochladzuj\u00fa kl\u00edmu a maskuj\u00fa \u010das\u0165 otep\u013eovania sklen\u00edkov\u00fdmi plynmi<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

S\u00edce to znie ako pozit\u00edvna spr\u00e1va, av\u0161ak ich chladiaci \u00fa\u010dinok je kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fd. K\u00fdm oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd z \u00e1ut a uho\u013en\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00ed bude v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed aj o st\u00e1ro\u010dia nesk\u00f4r, tlmiaci \u00fa\u010dinok aeros\u00f3lov u\u017e o mesiac prestane ma\u0165 vplyv<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Jeden z v\u00fdskumov poukazuje na to, \u017ee vplyv zne\u010distenia ovzdu\u0161ia na odrazivos\u0165 oblakov m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e sa zd\u00e1<\/strong>. Pokia\u013e sa to potvrd\u00ed, deleg\u00e1ti na konferencii COP27 bud\u00fa musie\u0165 e\u0161te viac pracova\u0165 na zn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed spa\u013eovania fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv.<\/p>\n

\u0160t\u00fadia vych\u00e1dzaj\u00faca z emisi\u00ed lod\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Port\u00e1l Quick Telecast uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee emisie lod\u00ed s\u00fa \u010dastou pr\u00ed\u010dinou, kedy sa zne\u010dis\u0165uje relat\u00edvne \u010dist\u00fd vzduch \u010faleko od pevniny. Pr\u00e1ve to u\u013eah\u010duje \u0161t\u00fadium o \u00fa\u010dinkoch aeros\u00f3lov v izol\u00e1cii.<\/strong><\/p>\n Vplyv plynov zachyt\u00e1vaj\u00facich teplo sa ozna\u010duje aj ako klimatick\u00e1 kr\u00edza. Zdroj: pexels.com\n

 <\/p>\n

Niektor\u00e9 aeros\u00f3ly emitovan\u00e9 lo\u010fami m\u00f4\u017eeme vidie\u0165 na satelitn\u00fdch sn\u00edmkach ako dlh\u00e9 biele pruhy, ktor\u00e9 sa naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa aj ako stopy lod\u00ed. Av\u0161ak len 5 % dan\u00e9ho zne\u010distenia je vidite\u013en\u00fdch.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Spom\u00ednan\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia pou\u017eila glob\u00e1lnu datab\u00e1zu lodn\u00fdch tr\u00e1s, ktor\u00e1 obsahuje viac ako 2 mili\u00f3ny lodn\u00fdch st\u00f4p v priebehu \u0161iestich rokov<\/strong>, informuje University of Oxford. V kombin\u00e1cii s modelmi predpovede po\u010dasia simulovala, kde boli emisie pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9 vetrom, \u010di kam vstupovali do oblakov. Satelitn\u00e9 \u00fadaje pomohli zmera\u0165 po\u010det kvapiek a mno\u017estvo vody v zne\u010disten\u00fdch a nezne\u010disten\u00fdch oblakoch.<\/p>\n

Zo \u0161t\u00fadie vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee tieto emisie, s\u00edce na satelitn\u00fdch sn\u00edmkach nevidite\u013en\u00e9, sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa, \u017ee okolit\u00e9 oblaky sa viac odr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa. Predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face odhady nazna\u010dovali, \u017ee mali mierne vysu\u0161uj\u00faci \u00fa\u010dinok, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 jedn\u00fdm z d\u00f4vodom, pre\u010do vedci podcenili, do akej miery zne\u010distenie ovzdu\u0161ia ochladzuje atmosf\u00e9ru<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Pre aeros\u00f3ly m\u00f4\u017ee vo v\u0161eobecnosti plati\u0165, \u017ee dan\u00e9 zne\u010distenie m\u00f4\u017ee oblaky viac zosvetli\u0165, \u010do prispieva k silnej\u0161iemu chladiacemu \u00fa\u010dinku<\/strong>. Av\u0161ak treba zrealizova\u0165 \u010fal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskum, k\u00fdm vedci aplikuj\u00fa spom\u00ednan\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky na celkov\u00e9 zne\u010distenie ovzdu\u0161ia.<\/p>\n

Ne\u00famyseln\u00e9 otep\u013eovanie<\/h3>\n

\u010eal\u0161ia ned\u00e1vna \u0161t\u00fadia poskytla poh\u013ead na bud\u00facnos\u0165 s men\u0161\u00edm zne\u010disten\u00edm atmosf\u00e9ry<\/strong>, informuje ScienceAlert.<\/p>\n

Pou\u017eila po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 algoritmy natr\u00e9novan\u00e9 na n\u00e1jdenie vidite\u013en\u00fdch st\u00f4p lod\u00ed na satelitn\u00fdch sn\u00edmkach pred a po zaveden\u00ed predpisov. Zaviedla ich v roku 2020 Medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e1 n\u00e1morn\u00e1 organiz\u00e1cia na zn\u00ed\u017eenie zne\u010distenia ovzdu\u0161ia<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Zistilo sa, \u017ee v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 zn\u00ed\u017eenie zn\u00ed\u017eilo po\u010det jasnej\u0161ie vidite\u013en\u00fdch oblakov v stop\u00e1ch lod\u00ed o 25 %. Pr\u00e1ve to je jeden z pr\u00edkladov, ako sa m\u00f4\u017ee ne\u00famyselne otep\u013eova\u0165 kl\u00edma.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fos\u00edlne paliv\u00e1 ako probl\u00e9m<\/h3>\n

Quick Telecast uv\u00e1dza, \u017ee regul\u00e1cia zne\u010distenia ovzdu\u0161ia nie je v rozpore s ochranou kl\u00edmy. Vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov sa m\u00f4\u017eu obe dosiahnu\u0165 odstr\u00e1nen\u00edm ich spolo\u010dnej pr\u00ed\u010diny<\/strong>, ktor\u00fa tvoria fos\u00edlne paliv\u00e1.<\/p>\n Zne\u010dis\u0165ovanie ovzdu\u0161ia prispieva nielen k ni\u010deniu pr\u00edrody, ale aj n\u00e1\u0161ho zdravia. Zdroj: pexels.com\n

Pokia\u013e ide o sektor dopravy, jeho \u00falohou je zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 napr\u00edklad po\u010det \u00e1ut jazdiacich na fos\u00edlne paliv\u00e1, pri\u010dom pou\u017eitie lep\u0161\u00edch filtrov na v\u00fdfukov\u00e9 potrubie nemo\u017eno pova\u017eova\u0165 za relevantn\u00e9 rie\u0161enie<\/strong>. Podobnou cestou m\u00f4\u017ee \u00eds\u0165 aj priemysel, sp\u00f4sob vykurovania \u010di v\u00fdroba elektriny.<\/p>\n

Ukon\u010denie spa\u013eovania fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv nie je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 len pre \u013eudsk\u00e9 zdravie, ale aj plan\u00e9tu. ScienceAlert p\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee plyny zachyt\u00e1vaj\u00face teplo dospeli k tak extr\u00e9mnym klimatick\u00fdm zmen\u00e1m, \u017ee ich vplyv sa ozna\u010duje aj ako klimatick\u00e1 kr\u00edza<\/strong>. Pr\u00e1ve v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich sa pova\u017euje za priamy v\u00fdsledok \u013eudskej \u010dinnosti za posledn\u00e9 dve storo\u010dia, ku ktorej patr\u00ed spom\u00ednan\u00e9 spa\u013eovanie fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv. Okrem bezprecedentn\u00e9ho zv\u00fd\u0161enia priemernej teploty ved\u00fa k topeniu pol\u00e1rneho a \u013eadovcov\u00e9ho \u013eadu, zv\u00fd\u0161eniu hladiny mor\u00ed \u010di zmen\u00e1m poveternostn\u00fdch udalost\u00ed, ako s\u00fa po\u017eiare, z\u00e1plavy, b\u00farky a vlny hor\u00fa\u010dav.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rizik\u00e1 zne\u010dis\u0165ovania ovzdu\u0161ia sa dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u010doraz viac do povedomia. Nielen\u017ee prispieva k ni\u010deniu pr\u00edrody, ktor\u00e1 je pre \u013eudsk\u00fa existenciu potrebn\u00e1, ale aj ni\u010d\u00ed na\u0161e zdravie.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8004","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8004","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8004"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8004\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8004"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8004"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8004"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}