{"id":8025,"date":"2022-12-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-30T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/slovanske-bohyne-ktore-by-ste-mali-poznat\/"},"modified":"2022-12-01T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-11-30T23:00:00","slug":"slovanske-bohyne-ktore-by-ste-mali-poznat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/slovanske-bohyne-ktore-by-ste-mali-poznat\/","title":{"rendered":"Slovansk\u00e9 bohyne, ktor\u00e9 by ste mali pozna\u0165"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ke\u010f si spomeniete na starovek\u00fdch bohov a bohyne, zvy\u010dajne sa v\u00e1m vybavia men\u00e1 <strong>gr\u00e9ckych, r\u00edmskych \u010di egyptsk\u00fdch bo\u017estiev<\/strong>. No aj Slovansk\u00fd svet, ktor\u00fd existoval medzi vplyvmi mnoh\u00fdch civiliz\u00e1ci\u00ed, si vytvoril vlastn\u00fd, jedine\u010dn\u00fd pante\u00f3n. Pod\u013ea historikov <strong>slovansk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo<\/strong> alebo slovansk\u00e9 pohanstvo opisuje m\u00fdty, ritu\u00e1ly a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 predstavy, ktor\u00e9 <strong>Slovania mali a praktizovali pred roz\u0161\u00edren\u00edm christianiz\u00e1cie v 8. a\u017e 13. storo\u010d\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>A \u017eensk\u00e9 postavy mali v Slovanskom svete d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 postavenie. Preto by sme v\u00e1m tie najzn\u00e1mej\u0161ie z nich radi pripomenuli.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Slovansk\u00fd Pante\u00f3n<\/h3>\n<p>Na rozdiel od ve\u013ek\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstiev, ako s\u00fa islam, kres\u0165anstvo a hinduizmus, slovansk\u00ed bohovia nemaj\u00fa \u017eiadne p\u00edsomn\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy o testamentoch, modlitb\u00e1ch alebo najvy\u0161\u0161om org\u00e1ne bohov \u010di boh\u00fd\u0148. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina poznatkov o staroslovanskom n\u00e1bo\u017eenstve poch\u00e1dza z diel nap\u00edsan\u00fdch r\u00f4znymi kronik\u00e1rmi.<\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00fdm z tak\u00fdchto textov je <strong><em>Prvotn\u00e1 kronika<\/em><\/strong>, v ktorej sa s t\u00e9mou slovanskej mytol\u00f3gie popasoval kronik\u00e1r <strong>Nestor po\u010das vl\u00e1dy Vladim\u00edra Ve\u013ek\u00e9ho<\/strong>, ke\u010f zak\u00e1zal uctievanie slovansk\u00fdch bohov. \u010eal\u0161ou je <strong><em>Chronica Slavorum<\/em><\/strong>, ktor\u00fa nap\u00edsal <strong>Helmold z Basau<\/strong>. A jedna z prv\u00fdch zmienok o slovansk\u00fdch bo\u017estv\u00e1ch a ich n\u00e1protivkoch sa nach\u00e1dza v r\u00e1mci <strong><em>Novgorodskej prvej kroniky<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Najzn\u00e1mej\u0161ie slovansk\u00e9 bohyne<\/h3>\n<h3>Vesna<\/h3>\n<p>V staroslovanskej mytol\u00f3gii bola Vesna <strong>bohy\u0148ou jari a plodnosti<\/strong>. Pod jej ochranu spadala jar, r\u00e1no a zrod v\u0161etk\u00e9ho \u017eiv\u00e9ho. Je zn\u00e1ma pod mnoh\u00fdmi menami, \u017diva, Diva a medzi Poliakmi aj ako Devana.<\/p>\n<p>Zobrazovan\u00e1 bola ako <strong>usmievav\u00e1, kr\u00e1sna, nah\u00e1 a bos\u00e1 diev\u010dina<\/strong>. Vlasy m\u00e1 dlh\u00e9, takmer po kolen\u00e1 a vo vlasoch m\u00e1 ako ozdobu r\u00f4zne kvety. Niekedy m\u00e1 v pravej ruke jablko a v \u013eavej hrozno, inokedy m\u00e1 na pravom ukazov\u00e1ku lastovi\u010dku, symbol jari, a v \u013eavej ruke kyticu kvetov, ktor\u00e1 symbolizuje man\u017eelstvo.<\/p>\n Vesna bola mlad\u00e1 a kr\u00e1sna. Jej stromom bola breza, ktor\u00e1 na jar rozkvit\u00e1 ako prv\u00e1, z vt\u00e1kov sa k nej via\u017ee kuku\u010dka.(Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 foto: HitWave, Pexels)\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Mor\u00e9na<\/h3>\n<p>Sl\u00e1va tejto bohyne poch\u00e1dza z pobaltskej oblasti, ale jej kult existoval aj v ju\u017en\u00fdch slovansk\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch. Mor\u00e9na bola bohy\u0148ou spojenou s pr\u00edrodn\u00fdmi sez\u00f3nnymi obradmi, kolobehom \u017eivota: naroden\u00edm, smr\u0165ou a znovuzroden\u00edm. <strong>Rozhodnutie o konci zimn\u00e9ho \u010dasu le\u017ealo v jej ruk\u00e1ch<\/strong>. Niekedy sa tie\u017e opisuje ako bohy\u0148a <strong>\u010darodejn\u00edctva a m\u00e1gie<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Morena alebo Kyselica (Morana, Muriena, Smr\u0165, Hejhana, Kyse\u013e, Baba, \u0160mertka, Smrtka, Kani\u017ea, Marmuriena, Barboriena) bola staroslovansk\u00e1 bohy\u0148a zimy a smrti. (Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 foto: \u0415\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430, Pexels)\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Perperuna<\/h3>\n<p>Perperuna bola <strong>bohy\u0148ou da\u017e\u010fa a man\u017eelkou Per\u00fana<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd bol najvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm bohom pante\u00f3nu a bohom hromu na oblohe. Prin\u00e1\u0161al d\u00e1\u017e\u010f a blesky, ale aj z\u00e1kon, poriadok a plodnos\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Perperuna bola zn\u00e1ma aj pod menom <strong>Dodola<\/strong>, \u010do je vari\u00e1cia jej mena stoto\u017e\u0148ovan\u00e1 s bohom vzduchu Dodolom.Ver\u00ed sa tie\u017e, \u017ee Perperuna po\u010das jari lieta nad lesmi a l\u00fakami a prin\u00e1\u0161a svie\u017eos\u0165 fl\u00f3re a kvety stromom.<\/p>\n Obradn\u00fd ritu\u00e1l spevu a tanca vykon\u00e1vali mlad\u00ed chlapci a diev\u010dat\u00e1 v \u010dase sucha, aby privolali na pomoc Perperunu, slovansk\u00fa bohy\u0148u da\u017e\u010fa a man\u017eelku najvy\u0161\u0161ieho bo\u017estva Per\u00fana. (Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 foto: Josh Gordon, Unsplash)\n<h3>Moko\u0161<\/h3>\n<p>Moko\u0161 je bohy\u0148a, ktor\u00e1 chr\u00e1ni \u00farodn\u00fa zem a ru\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, ako je tkanie a zber \u00farody. Naz\u00fdva sa aj <em>Matkou obilia<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>S pr\u00edchodom kres\u0165anstva do slovansk\u00fdch kraj\u00edn v 11. storo\u010d\u00ed n. l. bola Moko\u0161 premenovan\u00e1 na\u00a0 <strong>sv\u00e4t\u00fa Paraskevu Pyanitsa<\/strong>. Sv\u00e4t\u00e1 Paraskeva Pyanitsa je opisovan\u00e1 ako vysok\u00e1 a \u0161t\u00edhla \u017eena s rozpusten\u00fdmi vlasmi. Je patr\u00f3nkou kupcov a obchodn\u00edkov a man\u017eelstva.<\/p>\n Moko\u0161, bola dc\u00e9rou bohyne Lady a \u017eenou Velesa. Je patr\u00f3nkou \u017eenskosti, plodnosti, man\u017eelstva, zrodenia a domova.\u00a0 V Po\u013esku existuj\u00fa Mokszany, v Nemecku lu\u017eick\u00e9 Moko\u010dice, v Rusku Moko\u0161evo a v \u010cech\u00e1ch Moko\u0161\u00edn. (Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 foto: Victoria Akvarel, Pexels)\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Lada<\/h3>\n<p>Lada, bohy\u0148a l\u00e1sky, stoj\u00ed v slovanskom folkl\u00f3re ako v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 bo\u017estvo. V slovanskej mytol\u00f3gii je Lada obdobou \u0161kandin\u00e1vskej bohyne Freyje a gr\u00e9ckej Afrodity. Jej uctievanie sa \u00fadajne prenieslo na pannu M\u00e1riu po tom, ako Kyjevsk\u00e1 Rus konvertovala na kres\u0165anstvo. Bola zn\u00e1zor\u0148ovan\u00e1 ako <strong>zmyseln\u00e1 \u017eena v rozkvete \u017eivota, plno\u0161t\u00edhla, zrel\u00e1 ako symbol materstva<\/strong>.<\/p>\n \u013d\u00fabiaca a ne\u017en\u00e1 matka. Na z\u00edskanie st\u00e1lej starostlivosti a pozornosti zo strany Lady-Matky, jej ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u00e1r mladoman\u017eelov prin\u00e1\u0161al ako dar pestrofarebn\u00e9 vo\u0148av\u00e9 kvety, med a r\u00f4zne lesn\u00e9 plody. Mlad\u00ed sn\u00fabenci tie\u017e pre \u0148u piekli kol\u00e1\u010diky s jahodovou plnkou a medov\u00e9 palacinky.(Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 foto: Leslie Jones, Unsplash)\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Karna<\/h3>\n<p>Karna bola bohy\u0148ou reprezentuj\u00facou <strong>sm\u00fatok, slzy a pohreby<\/strong>.\u00a0 Zosob\u0148uje prelievanie s\u013az po\u010das smutn\u00fdch chv\u00ed\u013e, najm\u00e4 ke\u010f sa kon\u010d\u00ed \u017eivot. Verilo sa, \u017ee bohy\u0148a sm\u00fatku nav\u0161tevuje pohreby, a preto sa na jej po\u010des\u0165 vykon\u00e1vali r\u00f4zne ritu\u00e1ly a obrady po\u010das posledn\u00fdch rozl\u00fa\u010dok.<\/p>\n Karna je v slovanskej mytol\u00f3gii bohy\u0148ou sm\u00fatku. Je dc\u00e9rou \u010cernoboga a Moreny. (Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 foto: Ksenia Chernaya, Pexels)\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Chislobog<\/h3>\n<p>Chislobog bola bohy\u0148ou <strong>\u010dasu a po\u010d\u00edtania<\/strong>. T\u00e1to bohy\u0148a sa sp\u00e1ja aj s lun\u00e1rnym mesiacom a vplyvmi mesiaca. V mytol\u00f3gii sa Chislobog predstavuje ako mlad\u00e9 diev\u010da s polmesiacom na \u010dele.<\/p>\n Chislobog \u00fadajne riadila \u010das. (Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 foto: Renata Kelly, Pexels)\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Zdroje: Slavorum, MeetTheSlavs, ThoughtCo, Slovansk\u00e1 Kult\u00fara<\/p>\n<p>Tituln\u00e1 fotografia: Masha Raymers, Pexels<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ke\u010f si spomeniete na starovek\u00fdch bohov a bohyne, zvy\u010dajne sa v\u00e1m vybavia men\u00e1 gr\u00e9ckych, r\u00edmskych \u010di egyptsk\u00fdch bo\u017estiev. No aj Slovansk\u00fd svet, ktor\u00fd existoval medzi<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8025"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8025\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}