{"id":8051,"date":"2022-12-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-15T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/velryby-zohravaju-pri-klimatickej-krize-dolezitu-ulohu\/"},"modified":"2022-12-16T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-12-15T23:00:00","slug":"velryby-zohravaju-pri-klimatickej-krize-dolezitu-ulohu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/velryby-zohravaju-pri-klimatickej-krize-dolezitu-ulohu\/","title":{"rendered":"Ve\u013eryby zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa pri klimatickej kr\u00edze d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu. D\u00f4raz sa kladie najm\u00e4 na ich ochranu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Klimatick\u00e1 kr\u00edza sa v priebehu posledn\u00fdch rokov st\u00e1va \u010doraz v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm glob\u00e1lnym probl\u00e9mom. Na konferenci\u00e1ch oh\u013eadom \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia sa neust\u00e1le rozpr\u00e1va o uvo\u013e\u0148ovan\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho, av\u0161ak je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 n\u00e1js\u0165 efekt\u00edvne rie\u0161enie, ako tomu zabr\u00e1ni\u0165. Po vyn\u00e1jden\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed sa do jadra probl\u00e9mu stavia ekonomick\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia, informuje port\u00e1l International Monetary Fund. Na to, aby sme docielili k zmene, je potrebn\u00e9 z\u00edska\u0165 dostato\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo finan\u010dn\u00fdch prostriedkov.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dobrou spr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee samotn\u00e1 plan\u00e9ta n\u00e1m prin\u00e1\u0161a rie\u0161enie, ktor\u00e9 nezruinuje n\u00e1\u0161 rozpo\u010det<\/strong>. Morsk\u00ed biol\u00f3govia ned\u00e1vno zistili, \u017ee ve\u013eryby hraj\u00fa v\u00fdznamn\u00fa \u00falohu pri zachyt\u00e1van\u00ed uhl\u00edka z atmosf\u00e9ry. Na to, aby sa dan\u00e1 strat\u00e9gia mohla zrealizova\u0165, medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9 organiz\u00e1cie zaviedli iniciat\u00edvy, ktor\u00fdch cie\u013eom je podpori\u0165 obnovu popul\u00e1cie t\u00fdchto mohutn\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov.<\/p>\n

Ako je to mo\u017en\u00e9?<\/h3>\n

K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fd potenci\u00e1l tvoria najm\u00e4 ve\u013eryby ve\u013ek\u00e9.<\/strong> Morsk\u00e1 biologi\u010dka Heidi Pearson spolu s jej t\u00edmom vysvet\u013euje, \u017ee v\u00fdznamn\u00fa rolu zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 ich ve\u013ekos\u0165 a dlh\u00e1 \u017eivotnos\u0165, uv\u00e1dza port\u00e1l ScienceAlert. Pr\u00e1ve tieto dva faktory im m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 ovplyv\u0148ova\u0165 uhl\u00edkov\u00fd syst\u00e9m t\u00fdm, \u017ee ukladaj\u00fa uhl\u00edk efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie ne\u017e men\u0161ie \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchy. Okrem toho dok\u00e1\u017eu prija\u0165 extr\u00e9mne mno\u017estvo svojej koristi \u010di vyprodukova\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fd objem odpadov\u00fdch produktov, \u010do sa rovnako pova\u017euje za pozit\u00edva.<\/p>\n

Pokia\u013e by sme chceli dan\u00fd \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161ny druh porovna\u0165 so stromom, ide o zar\u00e1\u017eaj\u00faci v\u00fdsledok. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 ve\u013eryba sekvestruje v priemere 33 ton oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho<\/strong>, pri\u010dom strom absorbuje len 48 kilogramov ro\u010dne, p\u00ed\u0161e International Monetary Fund.<\/p>\n Ve\u013eryby hraj\u00fa v\u00fdznamn\u00fa \u00falohu pri zachyt\u00e1van\u00ed uhl\u00edka z atmosf\u00e9ry. Zdroj: pexels.com\n

Zlou spr\u00e1vou v\u0161ak je, \u017ee po desa\u0165ro\u010diach industrializovan\u00e9ho lovu ve\u013er\u00fdb sa pod\u013ea odhadov ich popul\u00e1cia zn\u00ed\u017eila o \u0161tvrtinu. Pr\u00edkladom m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 modr\u00e9 ve\u013eryby, ktor\u00fdch popul\u00e1cia sa zn\u00ed\u017eila len na neuverite\u013en\u00e9 3 %.<\/strong> Z toho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee v\u00fdhody spom\u00ednan\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb dan\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov s\u00fa pre na\u0161e pre\u017eitie ove\u013ea men\u0161ie, ne\u017e by mohli by\u0165.<\/p>\n

Minul\u00e9 poznatky<\/h3>\n

Pred ich priemyseln\u00fdm lovom<\/strong> pom\u00e1hali na \u00fazem\u00ed ju\u017en\u00e9ho oce\u00e1na odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 pribli\u017ene 2 mili\u00f3ny ton oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho ro\u010dne, uv\u00e1dza ScienceAlert. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti sa \u010d\u00edsla pohybuj\u00fa okolo 200 000 ton, pri\u010dom ide o zna\u010dn\u00fd rozdiel.<\/p>\n

Uhl\u00edk dok\u00e1\u017eu cyklova\u0165 aj dramatickej\u0161\u00edmi sp\u00f4sobmi. Jedn\u00fdm z pr\u00edkladov m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ich smr\u0165<\/strong>, kedy klesn\u00fa na dno oce\u00e1nu. Ich biomasa sa stane potravou pre cel\u00fd rad \u010fal\u0161\u00edch \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov sekvestruj\u00facich uhl\u00edk hlboko pod vodou.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdnimkou nie je ani ve\u013ek\u00fd dopravn\u00fd p\u00e1s pre ve\u013eryby<\/strong>. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina druhov migruje z k\u0155mnych miest bohat\u00fdch na \u017eiviny do mno\u017eiarn\u00ed, pri\u010dom \u017eiviny distribuuj\u00fa za pochodu.<\/p>\n

\u201eVzh\u013eadom na to, \u017ee ve\u013eryby maj\u00fa jedny z najdlh\u0161\u00edch migr\u00e1ci\u00ed na plan\u00e9te, potenci\u00e1lne ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa dynamiku \u017eiv\u00edn a kolobeh uhl\u00edka v mierkach oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch povod\u00ed,\u201c<\/em><\/strong> dod\u00e1va k dan\u00e9mu poznatku Pearson spolu s jej t\u00edmom.<\/p>\n

Av\u0161ak v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina doteraj\u0161\u00edch odhadov zaoberaj\u00facich sa dopadom ve\u013er\u00fdb na \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie nezah\u0155\u0148alo ich v\u0161etky druhy. Pr\u00e1ve preto je potrebn\u00fd \u010fal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskum poskytuj\u00faci lep\u0161ie pochopenie toho, ako dan\u00fd \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161ny druh dok\u00e1\u017ee ovplyvni\u0165 na\u0161u plan\u00e9tu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Ist\u00e9 je v\u0161ak to, \u017ee dan\u00e9 rie\u0161enie m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ove\u013ea menej riskantn\u00e9 a viac \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 ne\u017e navrhovan\u00e9 geoin\u017einiersk\u00e9 rie\u0161enia<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa umel\u00e9 hnojenie mor\u00ed \u010di priame vstrekovanie uhl\u00edka hlboko do oce\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n

Ochrana ve\u013er\u00fdb ako k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1<\/h3>\n

V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti s\u00fa najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edmi hrozbami pre tento \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161ny druh ryb\u00e1rske spleti, \u0161trajky lod\u00ed, hluk, zne\u010distenie plastami \u010di jeho pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00faci lov. Okrem toho existencia ve\u013er\u00fdb<\/strong>\u00a0z\u00e1vis\u00ed aj od klimatick\u00fdch zmien<\/strong>, pri\u010dom ich koris\u0165\u00a0je v pohybe v d\u00f4sledku meniacim sa vodn\u00fdm podmienkam.<\/p>\n

Pozit\u00edvom v\u0161ak je, \u017ee popul\u00e1cia niektor\u00fdch druhov ve\u013er\u00fdb sa zvy\u0161uje<\/strong>. Autori v\u00fdskumu tvrdia, \u017ee ich obnova m\u00e1 potenci\u00e1l na dlhodob\u00e9 a sebesta\u010dn\u00e9 zlep\u0161enie oce\u00e1nskeho zachyt\u00e1va\u010da uhl\u00edka.<\/p>\n Dan\u00e9 rie\u0161enie m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 viac \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 ne\u017e navrhovan\u00e9 geoin\u017einiersk\u00e9 rie\u0161enia. Zdroj: pexels.com\n

\u201e\u00dapln\u00e1 \u00faloha ve\u013ek\u00fdch ve\u013er\u00fdb, rovnako aj in\u00fdch organizmov, v oblasti zni\u017eovania oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho bude realizovan\u00e1 iba prostredn\u00edctvom robustn\u00fdch z\u00e1sahov na ochranu a riadenie, ktor\u00e9 priamo podporuj\u00fa n\u00e1rast popul\u00e1cie,\u201c<\/em> <\/strong>dod\u00e1vaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Slab\u00fd d\u00f4raz na oce\u00e1ny<\/h3>\n

Vzh\u013eadom na to, \u017ee ve\u013eryby sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 v oce\u00e1noch, diskusie OSN v Montreale oh\u013eadom z\u00e1chrany glob\u00e1lnej biodiverzity na dan\u00fd fakt pr\u00edli\u0161 neprihliadaj\u00fa, p\u00ed\u0161e port\u00e1l The Guardian. Niektor\u00ed deleg\u00e1ti sa ob\u00e1vaj\u00fa, \u017ee morsk\u00e1 ochrana by mohla by\u0165 v\u00e1\u017ene ohrozen\u00e1 alebo \u00faplne zru\u0161en\u00e1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

V poslednej 10-stranovej pracovnej zmluve, ktor\u00e1 sa sklad\u00e1 z 5 000 slov, s\u00fa zatia\u013e len dve zmienky o oce\u00e1ne<\/strong>. Smutn\u00fdm faktom je, \u017ee neexistuj\u00fa \u017eiadne \u0161pecifick\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky na obmedzenie rybolovu alebo zastavenie hlbokomorskej \u0165a\u017eby.<\/p>\n

Netreba v\u0161ak zab\u00fada\u0165 na to, \u017ee deleg\u00e1ti schv\u00e1lili n\u00e1vrh o morskej a pobre\u017enej biodiverzite<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 zah\u0155\u0148a aj oce\u00e1ny. Krajiny, ku ktor\u00fdm patria \u010c\u00edna, Rusko, Island \u010di Argent\u00edna, \u010delia obvineniu z v\u00e1hania so \u0161pecifick\u00fdmi obmedzeniami.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Klimatick\u00e1 kr\u00edza sa v priebehu posledn\u00fdch rokov st\u00e1va \u010doraz v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm glob\u00e1lnym probl\u00e9mom. Na konferenci\u00e1ch oh\u013eadom \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia sa neust\u00e1le rozpr\u00e1va o uvo\u013e\u0148ovan\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho,<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8051","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8051"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8051\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8051"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8051"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8051"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}