{"id":8135,"date":"2023-01-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-26T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/strasiak-cholesterol-priciny-a-zdravotne-nasledky\/"},"modified":"2023-01-27T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-01-26T23:00:00","slug":"strasiak-cholesterol-priciny-a-zdravotne-nasledky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/strasiak-cholesterol-priciny-a-zdravotne-nasledky\/","title":{"rendered":"STRA\u0160IAK CHOLESTEROL: pr\u00ed\u010diny a zdravotn\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Between<strong> pr\u00ed\u010diny vysok\u00e9ho cholesterolu patr\u00ed najm\u00e4 strava, faj\u010denie a genetika<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Vysok\u00fd cholesterol zriedkavo sp\u00f4sobuje pr\u00edznaky, preto je <strong>d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 ma\u0165 rutinn\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenia cholesterolu<\/strong>, ak na\u0148 m\u00e1te predpoklady.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u010co je to cholesterol?<\/h3>\n<p>Cholesterol je typ lipidu. Je to voskovit\u00e1 <strong>l\u00e1tka podobn\u00e1 tuku<\/strong>, ktor\u00fa va\u0161a pe\u010de\u0148 produkuje prirodzene.<\/p>\n<p>Je \u017eivotne <strong>d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd pre tvorbu bunkov\u00fdch membr\u00e1n, niektor\u00fdch horm\u00f3nov a vitam\u00ednu D<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Aby va\u0161a pe\u010de\u0148 pomohla transportu cholesterolu, produkuje lipoprote\u00edny.<\/p>\n<p>Lipoprote\u00edny s\u00fa \u010dastice <strong>vyroben\u00e9 z tukov a bielkov\u00edn<\/strong>. Pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa cholesterol a triglyceridy, \u010fal\u0161\u00ed typ lipidov, cez v\u00e1\u0161 krvn\u00fd obeh.<\/p>\n<p>Dve hlavn\u00e9 formy lipoprote\u00ednu s\u00fa lipoprote\u00edn s n\u00edzkou hustotou (LDL) a lipoprote\u00edn s vysokou hustotou (HDL).<\/p>\n<p>LDL cholesterol je ak\u00fdko\u013evek cholesterol pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00fd lipoprote\u00ednmi s n\u00edzkou hustotou.<\/p>\n<p>Ak va\u0161a <strong>krv obsahuje pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ea LDL cholesterolu, m\u00f4\u017ee v\u00e1m by\u0165 diagnostikovan\u00fd vysok\u00fd cholesterol<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Bez lie\u010dby m\u00f4\u017ee vysok\u00fd cholesterol vies\u0165 k mnoh\u00fdm zdravotn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom vr\u00e1tane<strong> srdcov\u00e9ho infarktu a m\u0155tvice<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Vysok\u00fd cholesterol len<strong> zriedkavo sp\u00f4sobuje pr\u00edznaky na za\u010diatku, preto je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby ste si hladinu cholesterolu pravidelne kontrolovali<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Pr\u00edznaky vysok\u00e9ho cholesterolu<\/h3>\n<p>Vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov je vysok\u00fd cholesterol <strong>tich\u00fd stav &#8211; zvy\u010dajne nesp\u00f4sobuje \u017eiadne pr\u00edznaky<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Mnoho \u013eud\u00ed si ani neuvedomuje, \u017ee maj\u00fa vysok\u00fd cholesterol, <strong>k\u00fdm sa u nich nevyvin\u00fa v\u00e1\u017ene komplik\u00e1cie<\/strong>, ako je srdcov\u00fd infarkt alebo m\u0155tvica.<\/p>\n<p>Preto je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 rutinn\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenie cholesterolu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Pr\u00ed\u010diny vysok\u00e9ho cholesterolu<\/h3>\n<p>Jes\u0165 pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ea potrav\u00edn s vysok\u00fdm obsahom cholesterolu, <strong>nas\u00fdten\u00fdch tukov a trans-tukov, m\u00f4\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 riziko<\/strong> vzniku vysok\u00e9ho cholesterolu.<\/p>\n<p>\u017divot s <strong>obezitou m\u00f4\u017ee tie\u017e zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 toto riziko<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Medzi \u010fal\u0161ie faktory \u017eivotn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fdlu, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu prispie\u0165 k vysokej hladine cholesterolu, patr\u00ed <strong>slab\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 aktivita a faj\u010denie<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Va\u0161a<strong> genetika m\u00f4\u017ee tie\u017e ovplyvni\u0165 \u0161ance na rozvoj<\/strong> vysok\u00e9ho cholesterolu.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00e9ny sa pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa z rodi\u010dov na deti. Niektor\u00e9 g\u00e9ny in\u0161truuj\u00fa va\u0161e telo, ako spracova\u0165 cholesterol a tuky.<\/p>\n<p>Ak maj\u00fa va\u0161i rodi\u010dia vysok\u00fd cholesterol, m\u00f4\u017eete by\u0165 vystaven\u00ed v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iemu riziku, \u017ee ho budete ma\u0165 tie\u017e..<\/p>\n<p>In\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 stavy, ako je<strong> cukrovka a hypotyre\u00f3za, m\u00f4\u017eu tie\u017e zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 riziko<\/strong> vzniku vysok\u00e9ho cholesterolu a s\u00favisiacich komplik\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 fotografia (pr\u00edznaky m\u0155tvice). Zdroj: mysmezeny.sk\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>LDL cholesterol alebo zl\u00fd cholesterol<\/h3>\n<p>LDL cholesterol sa \u010dasto naz\u00fdva zl\u00fd cholesterol.<\/p>\n<p>Nesie cholesterol do va\u0161ich tepien.<\/p>\n<p>Ak s\u00fa va\u0161e hladiny <strong>LDL cholesterolu pr\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9<\/strong>, m\u00f4\u017ee sa <strong>hromadi\u0165 na sten\u00e1ch va\u0161ich tepien<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Toto nahromadenie je tie\u017e zn\u00e1me ako cholesterolov\u00fd plak.<\/p>\n<p>Tento <strong>plak m\u00f4\u017ee z\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 va\u0161e tepny, obmedzi\u0165 prietok krvi a zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 riziko vzniku krvn\u00fdch zrazen\u00edn<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Ak krvn\u00e1 zrazenina zablokuje tepnu vo va\u0161om srdci alebo mozgu, m\u00f4\u017ee to sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 srdcov\u00fd <strong>infarkt alebo m\u0155tvicu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>HDL cholesterol alebo dobr\u00fd cholesterol<\/h3>\n<p>HDL cholesterol sa niekedy naz\u00fdva dobr\u00fd cholesterol.<\/p>\n<p>Pom\u00e1ha vr\u00e1ti\u0165 LDL <strong>cholesterol do pe\u010dene, aby sa odstr\u00e1nil z tela. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>To pom\u00e1ha predch\u00e1dza\u0165 tvorbe cholesterolov\u00fdch plakov vo va\u0161ich tepn\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>Ke\u010f m\u00e1te <strong>zdrav\u00e9 hladiny HDL cholesterolu, m\u00f4\u017ee v\u00e1m to pom\u00f4c\u0165 zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 riziko krvn\u00fdch zrazen\u00edn, srdcov\u00fdch chor\u00f4b a m\u0155tvice.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Triglyceridy<\/h3>\n<p>Triglyceridy s\u00fa \u010fal\u0161\u00edm typom lipidov. L\u00ed\u0161ia sa od cholesterolu.<\/p>\n<p>Zatia\u013e \u010do va\u0161e telo pou\u017e\u00edva cholesterol na stavbu buniek a ur\u010dit\u00fdch horm\u00f3nov, ako zdroj energie pou\u017e\u00edva triglyceridy.<\/p>\n<p>Ke\u010f<strong> zjete viac kal\u00f3ri\u00ed, ako va\u0161e telo dok\u00e1\u017ee ihne\u010f vyu\u017ei\u0165, premen\u00ed tieto kal\u00f3rie na triglyceridy<\/strong>. Uklad\u00e1 triglyceridy vo va\u0161ich <strong>tukov\u00fdch bunk\u00e1ch<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Tie\u017e pou\u017e\u00edva lipoprote\u00edny na cirkul\u00e1ciu triglyceridov cez v\u00e1\u0161 krvn\u00fd obeh.<\/p>\n<p>Ak pravidelne jete viac kal\u00f3ri\u00ed, ako va\u0161e telo dok\u00e1\u017ee spotrebova\u0165, va\u0161e hladiny triglyceridov m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pr\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>To m\u00f4\u017ee<strong> zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 riziko nieko\u013ek\u00fdch zdravotn\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov, vr\u00e1tane srdcov\u00fdch chor\u00f4b a m\u0155tvice<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Ilustra\u010dn\u00e1 fotografia (infarkt myokardu). Zdroj: boehringer-ingelheim.sk\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Rizikov\u00e9 faktory pre vysok\u00fd cholesterol<\/h3>\n<p>M\u00f4\u017eete ma\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ie riziko vzniku vysok\u00e9ho cholesterolu, ak:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>m\u00e1te obezitu<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>konzumujete ve\u013ea nas\u00fdten\u00fdch a trans-tukov, ako s\u00fa tie, ktor\u00e9 sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa vo fast foodoch<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>m\u00e1te slab\u00fa fyzick\u00fa aktivitu<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>faj\u010dite tabakov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>m\u00e1te vysok\u00fd cholesterol v rodinnej anamn\u00e9ze\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>m\u00e1te cukrovku, ochorenie obli\u010diek alebo hypotyre\u00f3zu<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u013dudia v\u0161etk\u00fdch vekov\u00fdch skup\u00edn, pohlav\u00ed a etnick\u00fdch skup\u00edn m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 vysok\u00fd cholesterol.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Komplik\u00e1cie s vysok\u00fdm cholesterolom<\/h3>\n<p>Bez lie\u010dby m\u00f4\u017ee vysok\u00fd cholesterol sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 hromadenie plaku vo va\u0161ich tepn\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>V priebehu \u010dasu m\u00f4\u017ee tento<strong> plak z\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 va\u0161e tepny<\/strong>, tento stav je zn\u00e1my ako ateroskler\u00f3za.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ateroskler\u00f3za je v\u00e1\u017eny stav &#8211; m\u00f4\u017ee obmedzi\u0165 prietok krvi<\/strong> cez va\u0161e tepny.<\/p>\n<p>Zvy\u0161uje tie\u017e riziko <strong>vzniku nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch krvn\u00fdch zrazen\u00edn<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ateroskler\u00f3za m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k mnoh\u00fdm \u017eivot ohrozuj\u00facim komplik\u00e1ci\u00e1m<\/strong>, ako s\u00fa:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>m\u0155tvica<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>infarkt<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>ang\u00edna alebo boles\u0165 na hrudn\u00edku<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>vysok\u00fd krvn\u00fd tlak<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>perif\u00e9rne vaskul\u00e1rne ochorenie<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>chronick\u00e9 ochorenie obli\u010diek<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Vysok\u00fd cholesterol m\u00f4\u017ee tie\u017e sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 <strong>nerovnov\u00e1hu \u017el\u010de, \u010d\u00edm sa zvy\u0161uje riziko vzniku \u017el\u010dov\u00fdch kame\u0148ov<\/strong>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Medzi pr\u00ed\u010diny vysok\u00e9ho cholesterolu patr\u00ed najm\u00e4 strava, faj\u010denie a genetika. Vysok\u00fd cholesterol zriedkavo sp\u00f4sobuje pr\u00edznaky, preto je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 ma\u0165 rutinn\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenia cholesterolu, ak na\u0148 m\u00e1te<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8135"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8135\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}