{"id":8137,"date":"2023-01-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-28T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/co-o-raste-populacie-prezradzaju-cisla\/"},"modified":"2023-01-29T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-01-28T23:00:00","slug":"co-o-raste-populacie-prezradzaju-cisla","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/co-o-raste-populacie-prezradzaju-cisla\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co o raste popul\u00e1cie prezr\u00e1dzaj\u00fa \u010d\u00edsla: Kedy prekro\u010d\u00edme \u010fal\u0161iu miliardov\u00fa hranicu?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Poznanie ve\u013ekosti a zlo\u017eenia glob\u00e1lnej popul\u00e1cie je nevyhnutn\u00e9 pre pochopenie soci\u00e1lnych a ekonomick\u00fdch trendov \u010di rie\u0161enie environment\u00e1lnych v\u00fdziev.<\/p>\n<h3>Prib\u00fadanie obyvate\u013estva<\/h3>\n<p>V\u00a0priebehu hist\u00f3rie sa v\u00fdvoj \u013eudstva prisp\u00f4soboval ich migr\u00e1ci\u00ed za lep\u0161\u00edmi podmienkami. Za prv\u00fdch modern\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed sa pova\u017euj\u00fa homo sapiens, ktor\u00ed sa pred 300\u00a0000 rokmi odklonili od svojich predkov. Postupne op\u00fa\u0161\u0165ali jednoduch\u00e9 obydlia a\u00a0loveck\u00e9 in\u0161tinkty im napovedali, \u017ee<strong> ak chc\u00fa pre\u017ei\u0165, musia sa pos\u00fava\u0165 vpred.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0novembri 2022 svetov\u00e1 popul\u00e1cia ofici\u00e1lne prekro\u010dila<strong> osem mili\u00e1rd<\/strong>. Odhady po\u010dtu obyvate\u013eov pravidelne po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne in\u0161tit\u00facie, aby monitorovali <strong>chod spolo\u010dnosti<\/strong>. Jednou z nich je napr\u00edklad OSN. Organiz\u00e1cia pou\u017e\u00edva \u00fadaje od n\u00e1rodn\u00fdch vl\u00e1d a in\u00fdch spo\u013eahliv\u00fdch zdrojov na vytv\u00e1ranie progn\u00f3z o glob\u00e1lnych trendoch. Je v\u0161ak n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 pozna\u0165 presn\u00fd po\u010det \u013eud\u00ed na svete v danom \u010dase. Ve\u013ekos\u0165 popul\u00e1cie v ktorejko\u013evek krajine sa neust\u00e1le men\u00ed v d\u00f4sledku p\u00f4rodov, \u00famrt\u00ed a migr\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n<h3>Glob\u00e1lna miera rastu popul\u00e1cie<\/h3>\n<p>Glob\u00e1lna miera rastu popul\u00e1cie je mno\u017estvo, ktorou sa za\u013eudnenie Zeme v r\u00e1mci ur\u010dit\u00e9ho obdobia zvy\u0161uje alebo zni\u017euje. Zvy\u010dajne sa meria ako percentu\u00e1lna zmena po\u010dtu obyvate\u013eov za ist\u00fd \u010das, napr\u00edklad za rok alebo desa\u0165ro\u010die.<\/p>\n Presun z vidieka do v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch miest m\u00e1me zakorenen\u00fd v g\u00e9noch. Lep\u0161ie \u017eivotn\u00e9 pr\u00edle\u017eitosti umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa r\u00fdchlej\u0161\u00ed pr\u00edrastok obyvate\u013estva. zdroj: pexels.com\n<p>Od roku 2022 sa roz\u0161irovanie svetovej popul\u00e1cie odhadovala na pribli\u017ene 0,84 percenta ro\u010dne. In\u00fdmi slovami, po\u010det obyvate\u013eov na na\u0161ej plan\u00e9te sa ka\u017ed\u00fd rok zvy\u0161uje pribli\u017ene o<strong> 0,84 percenta<\/strong>. Napriek tomu nejde o krok vpred. <strong>Za posledn\u00fdch p\u00e4\u0165desiat rokov sa miera rastu svetovej popul\u00e1cie zn\u00ed\u017eila<\/strong> z pribli\u017ene dvoch percent na menej ako 1,0 percenta ro\u010dne. Je to sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 r\u00f4znymi faktormi \u2013 klesaj\u00facou mierou p\u00f4rodnosti alebo vy\u0161\u0161ou \u00famrtnos\u0165ou v d\u00f4sledku starnutia ob\u010danov.<\/p>\n<p>Niektor\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee za tento jav m\u00f4\u017eeme vini\u0165 aj v\u00edrus Covid-19. V mnoh\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch prieskumy uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa, \u017ee kv\u00f4li pand\u00e9mii \u013eudia rodi\u010dovstvo nepl\u00e1nuj\u00fa, respekt\u00edve m\u00e1vaj\u00fa maxim\u00e1lne jedno die\u0165a. Najm\u00e4 p<strong>opul\u00e1cia \u010c\u00edny klesla v roku 2022 po prv\u00fd raz za 60 rokov<\/strong>, pod\u013ea \u010doho krajina vst\u00fapila do <em>\u00e9ry negat\u00edvneho rastu popul\u00e1cie<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h3>Ako to vyzer\u00e1 v\u00a0naj\u013eudnatej\u0161ej krajine sveta?<\/h3>\n<p>Za pomal\u00e9 prib\u00fadanie nov\u00fdch ob\u010danov mohla aj \u010d\u00ednska politika <strong>\u201enulov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu\u201c<\/strong> Covid pr\u00edpadov. V bezprostrednej oblasti v\u00fdskytu v\u00edrusu platili<strong> pr\u00edsne pravidl\u00e1<\/strong>. \u013dudia nemohli opusti\u0165 svoje pr\u00edbytky, zatia\u013e \u010do v od\u013eahl\u00fdch oblastiach museli obyvatelia dodr\u017eiava\u0165 vl\u00e1dou ur\u010den\u00e9 obmedzenia.<\/p>\n Aj naj\u013eudnatej\u0161\u00ed kontinent zasiahla obava oh\u013eadom starnutia obyvate\u013estva. zdroj: unsplash.com\n<p>Za klesaj\u00face v\u00fdsledky nezodpoved\u00e1 len pand\u00e9mia, ale aj z\u00e1kon, ktor\u00fd sa vytvoril pr\u00e1ve kv\u00f4li tomu, aby obmedzil zvy\u0161ovanie \u010d\u00ednskej popul\u00e1cie. Normu o\u00a0jednom die\u0165ati zaviedli v\u00a080-tych rokoch minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia a\u00a0<strong>platila a\u017e do roku 2016<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Miestna vl\u00e1da v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti zvolila opa\u010dn\u00fa r\u00e9toriku. Pomocou dot\u00e1ci\u00ed a da\u0148ov\u00fdch \u00fa\u013eav sa sna\u017e\u00ed podpori\u0165 mieru p\u00f4rodnosti. Dlhodob\u00e9 odr\u00e1dzanie od po\u010detnej\u0161ej rodiny v kombin\u00e1cii s rast\u00facimi n\u00e1kladmi na \u017eivot v\u0161ak <strong>nemotivuje p\u00e1ry k tomu, aby sa s\u00fastredili na svoje potomstvo<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u010co bude \u010falej?<\/h3>\n<p>Existuj\u00fa r\u00f4zne domnienky o bud\u00facom rozsahu glob\u00e1lnej popul\u00e1cie. Je v\u0161ak <strong>\u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 presn\u00e9 predpovede,<\/strong> preto\u017ee d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa rozli\u010dn\u00e9 aspekty, ako je miera p\u00f4rodnosti, \u00famrtnos\u0165 a migra\u010dn\u00e9 vzorce, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017eu \u010dasom meni\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Pod\u013ea najnov\u0161\u00edch popula\u010dn\u00fdch progn\u00f3z <strong>Organiz\u00e1cie Spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rodov<\/strong> sa o\u010dak\u00e1va, \u017ee po\u010det obyvate\u013eov Zeme dosiahne<strong> 9,7 miliardy do roku 2050<\/strong> a 10,4 miliardy do roku 2100. Tieto predpovede s\u00fa zalo\u017een\u00e9 na predpokladoch o bud\u00facich trendoch v oblasti plodnosti, \u00famrtnosti a s\u0165ahovania n\u00e1rodov.<\/p>\n<p>In\u00e9 organiz\u00e1cie a v\u00fdskumn\u00edci predkladaj\u00fa protichodn\u00e9 odhady oh\u013eadom bud\u00facej ve\u013ekosti popul\u00e1cie. Niektor\u00e9 predpovede nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee za\u013eudnenos\u0165 by mohla dosiahnu\u0165 vrchol na \u00farovni okolo 9 mili\u00e1rd v druhej polovici 21. storo\u010dia a potom za\u010da\u0165 klesa\u0165 v d\u00f4sledku klesaj\u00facej miery p\u00f4rodnosti a zvy\u0161uj\u00facej sa strednej d\u013a\u017eky \u017eivota.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zdroje: www.interestinengineering.com<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Zdroj titulnej fotografie: www.unsplash.com<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Poznanie ve\u013ekosti a zlo\u017eenia glob\u00e1lnej popul\u00e1cie je nevyhnutn\u00e9 pre pochopenie soci\u00e1lnych a ekonomick\u00fdch trendov \u010di rie\u0161enie environment\u00e1lnych v\u00fdziev. Prib\u00fadanie obyvate\u013estva V\u00a0priebehu hist\u00f3rie sa v\u00fdvoj \u013eudstva<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8137","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8137","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8137"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8137\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8137"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8137"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8137"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}