{"id":8259,"date":"2023-04-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-09T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/uncategorized\/tantricky-budhizmus-myty-a-fakty\/"},"modified":"2023-04-10T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-04-09T23:00:00","slug":"tantricky-budhizmus-myty-a-fakty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/archiv\/tantricky-budhizmus-myty-a-fakty\/","title":{"rendered":"Tantrick\u00fd budhizmus: m\u00fdty a fakty"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tantra je na Z\u00e1pade <strong>\u010dasto nepochopen\u00e1 t\u00e9ma<\/strong>, no v skuto\u010dnosti na nej nie je ni\u010d zvl\u00e1\u0161tne tajomn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Vyu\u017e\u00edva <strong>mocn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj, ku ktor\u00e9mu m\u00e1me v\u0161etci pr\u00edstup \u2013 na\u0161u predstavivos\u0165. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pre pokro\u010dil\u00fdch praktizuj\u00facich s pevn\u00fdm z\u00e1kladom v \u00fastredn\u00fdch princ\u00edpoch budhizmu je tantra met\u00f3dou, ako <strong>r\u00fdchlo a efekt\u00edvne dosiahnu\u0165 stav, v ktorom m\u00f4\u017eeme by\u0165 maxim\u00e1lnym pr\u00ednosom pre v\u0161etky bytosti \u2013 buddhovstvo.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tantrick\u00fd budhizmus je trad\u00edcia, ktor\u00e1 sa zameriava na r\u00f4zne praktiky ako cestu k osvieteniu.<\/p>\n<p>Vo v\u0161eobecnosti m\u00e1 svoj p\u00f4vod v Indii a v \u0161aivizme, \u010do je <strong>hinduistick\u00e1 viera, ktor\u00e1 uctieva \u0160ivu, o ktorom sa predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee je prv\u00fdm jog\u00ednom.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Zrod tantrick\u00e9ho budhizmu<\/h3>\n<p>Tantrick\u00fd budhizmus sa prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t<strong> objavil v Indii pribli\u017ene v rovnakom \u010dase ako hinduistick\u00e1 tantra, pribli\u017ene v 6. storo\u010d\u00ed, a prekvital pribli\u017ene do 11. storo\u010dia.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V tantrickej trad\u00edcii bo\u017estv\u00e1 predstavuj\u00fa vlastn\u00fa vn\u00fatorn\u00fa podstatu jog\u00edna.<\/p>\n<p>Tantrick\u00fd budhizmus, ktor\u00fd sa niekedy naz\u00fdva <strong>joga bo\u017estiev,<\/strong> poskytuje<strong> cestu k osvieteniu prostredn\u00edctvom identity s tantrick\u00fdmi bo\u017estvami. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pod veden\u00edm gurua pou\u017e\u00edva jog\u00edn ritu\u00e1ly, medit\u00e1ciu, vizualiz\u00e1ciu prostredn\u00edctvom mand\u00e1l a in\u00e9 praktiky, aby sa<strong> uvedomil ako bo\u017estvo, a teda ako prejaven\u00e9 osvietenie. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Na tejto \u00farovni duality neexistuj\u00fa<\/strong> a jog\u00edn zis\u0165uje, \u017ee to, \u010do sa jav\u00ed ako opa\u010dn\u00e9 princ\u00edpy, je v skuto\u010dnosti jeden.<\/p>\n<p>Praktizuj\u00faci tantry veria, \u017ee zapojen\u00edm sa do t\u00fdchto ezoterick\u00fdch prakt\u00edk pod veden\u00edm u\u010dite\u013ea, <strong>je mo\u017en\u00e9 dosiahnu\u0165 prebudenie u\u017e v priebehu jedn\u00e9ho \u017eivota. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n Dnes sa budhistick\u00e1 tantra vyskytuje predov\u0161etk\u00fdm vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch tibetsk\u00fdch l\u00edni\u00e1ch a v japonskom budhizme.\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tantrick\u00e9 praktiky s\u00fa po\u010detn\u00e9<\/strong>, ale zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa pr\u00e1cu so zvukom cez mantru (posv\u00e4tn\u00e9 slov\u00e1 a fr\u00e1zy), s gestom cez mudru (ritualizovan\u00e9 posv\u00e4tn\u00e9 gest\u00e1 r\u00fak), so zrakom cez vizualiz\u00e1cie a mandaly (diagramy vesm\u00edru) a s vit\u00e1lnymi energiami prostredn\u00edctvom medit\u00e1cie a jogy.<\/p>\n<p>Dnes sa budhistick\u00e1 tantra vyskytuje predov\u0161etk\u00fdm vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch tibetsk\u00fdch l\u00edni\u00e1ch a tie\u017e v japonskom budhizme, najm\u00e4 v Shingone.<\/p>\n<p>Tantrick\u00e9 texty a praktiky sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa aj v hinduizme.<\/p>\n<p>Tantra je met\u00f3da na<strong> uvedomenie si kone\u010dnej podstaty reality.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1kladnou my\u0161lienkou je, \u017ee na\u0161e utrpenie poch\u00e1dza z n\u00e1\u0161ho nespr\u00e1vneho ch\u00e1pania reality.<\/p>\n<p>Tantra v\u0161ak nie je len o viden\u00ed podstaty reality. Je to tie\u017e o <strong>\u00faplnom prejaven\u00ed \u010dloveka, n\u00e1\u0161ho vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1lu sta\u0165 sa buddhami.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Z\u00e1klad pre prax tantry<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Bezpe\u010dn\u00fd smer<\/strong> (\u00fato\u010disko)<\/li>\n<li>Odhodlanie <strong>oslobodi\u0165 sa od v\u0161etk\u00e9ho utrpenia<\/strong> a jeho pr\u00ed\u010din (zrieknutie sa)<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00edsna <strong>etick\u00e1 sebadiscipl\u00edna<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Cie\u013e b\u00f3dhi\u010ditty (dosiahnu\u0165 osvietenie v prospech v\u0161etk\u00fdch bytost\u00ed)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Koncentr\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Uvedomenie si pr\u00e1zdnoty\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ke\u010f praktizuj\u00faci nadobudne stabilitu vo svojom \u0161t\u00fadiu a v\u00fdcviku vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch t\u00fdchto veciach, <strong>po dokon\u010den\u00ed intenz\u00edvnych pr\u00edpravn\u00fdch prakt\u00edk (ngondro), je pripraven\u00fd vst\u00fapi\u0165 do tantrickej praxe. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tieto postupy s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 na o\u010distenie negat\u00edvnych potenci\u00e1lov a vybudovanie pozit\u00edvnych.<\/p>\n<p>Vajrayana alebo tantrayana budhizmus, zah\u0155\u0148a mystick\u00e9 koncepty a praktiky, z ktor\u00fdch sa niektor\u00e9 prudko odchy\u013euj\u00fa od centr\u00e1lnych budhistick\u00fdch prik\u00e1zan\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>Odli\u0161nosti tantrizmu<\/h3>\n<p>Tantrizmus je ve\u013emi zlo\u017eit\u00e1 t\u00e9ma.<\/p>\n<p>Dalo by sa to op\u00edsa\u0165 ako <strong>alternat\u00edvna cesta k osvieteniu<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 si vy\u017eaduje intenz\u00edvnu koncentr\u00e1ciu a vstreb\u00e1vanie prostredn\u00edctvom \u0161peci\u00e1lnych ritu\u00e1lov zasv\u00e4tenia.<\/p>\n<p>Pon\u00faka n\u00e1dej na <strong>dosiahnutie osvietenia v zr\u00fdchlenom \u010dase<\/strong>, mo\u017eno dokonca v jedinom \u017eivote: je to<strong> ak\u00e1si duchovn\u00e1 skratka. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cesta mah\u00e1j\u00e1ny sa pova\u017euje za pomal\u0161iu cestu, ktorej dosiahnutie si vy\u017eaduje ve\u013ea \u017eivotov, k\u00fdm vad\u017eraj\u00e1na, <strong>tantrick\u00e1 cesta, je r\u00fdchlej\u0161ia, aj ke\u010f riskantnej\u0161ia cesta. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Toto je budhizmus v jeho najmenej rozpoznate\u013enom vzh\u013eade, vo forme, ktor\u00e1 sa naj\u0165a\u017e\u0161ie prisp\u00f4sobuje alebo zlu\u010duje s t\u00fdm, \u010do sa tradi\u010dne pova\u017euje za p\u00f4vodn\u00e9 u\u010denie Budhu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Joga ako prostriedok na dosiahnutie cie\u013ea<\/h3>\n<p>Joga, ktor\u00e1 si z\u00edskala popularitu v z\u00e1padnom svete, je ve\u013emi neskorou a len vzdialene rozpoznate\u013enou odno\u017eou starovek\u00e9ho mystick\u00e9ho konceptu.<\/p>\n<p>Joga vyu\u017e\u00edvala ur\u010dit\u00e9<strong> fyzick\u00e9 discipl\u00edny a praktiky na dosiahnutie cie\u013ea mystika, pri\u010dom cvi\u010denia boli podriaden\u00fdm prvkom. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Namiesto tr\u00e9ningu mystick\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u017eitku, zameran\u00e9ho na stav duchovnej transform\u00e1cie, je joga \u010dasto <strong>syst\u00e9mom fyzick\u00e9ho cvi\u010denia, ktor\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edva ovl\u00e1danie dychu, pon\u00faka zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fa flexibilitu, lep\u0161iu rovnov\u00e1hu, uvo\u013enenie nap\u00e4tia a pocit omladenia. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pokoj, ktor\u00fd takto zabezpe\u010d\u00ed uvo\u013enenie tela, regulovan\u00e9 d\u00fdchanie a pokojn\u00fa myse\u013e, <strong>m\u00e1 poskytn\u00fa\u0165 aj duchovn\u00fd \u00fa\u017eitok. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>No hoci tantrick\u00e1 joga vyu\u017e\u00edva fyzick\u00fa aj du\u0161evn\u00fa discipl\u00ednu, jej cie\u013eom je ove\u013ea viac ne\u017e len fyzick\u00e9 benefity flexibility a rovnov\u00e1hy, \u010di pokojn\u00e1 myse\u013e v pokojnom tele.<\/p>\n<p>Vych\u00e1dza z princ\u00edpu, \u017ee dualita, oddelenie ducha a hmoty je il\u00faziou a<strong> jej cie\u013eom je transcendencia tak\u00e9hoto klamu do mystick\u00e9ho spojenia s bo\u017esk\u00fdm.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jog\u00edn, prenesen\u00fd do in\u00e9ho stavu existencie, dosiahne kone\u010dn\u00fd stav bla\u017eenosti.<\/p>\n<p>Niekedy ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 ako \u201eext\u00e1za\u201c, <strong>stav dokonal\u00e9ho pokoja, tich\u00e9ho a neru\u0161en\u00e9ho vedomia.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Stav spojenia s bo\u017estvom je v budhistickom tantrickom umen\u00ed symbolicky reprezentovan\u00fd zobrazen\u00edm sexu\u00e1lneho objatia medzi bo\u017estvom a jeho man\u017eelkou, v postoji zn\u00e1mom ako \u201eyab-yum\u201c.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tantra je na Z\u00e1pade \u010dasto nepochopen\u00e1 t\u00e9ma, no v skuto\u010dnosti na nej nie je ni\u010d zvl\u00e1\u0161tne tajomn\u00e9. Vyu\u017e\u00edva mocn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj, ku ktor\u00e9mu m\u00e1me v\u0161etci pr\u00edstup<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archiv","two-columns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8259","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8259"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8259\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8259"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8259"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/instrid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8259"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}